• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.529-545
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• 2023

This paper introduces the Banded-VHAR model suitable for high-dimensional long-memory time series with band structure. The Banded-VHAR model has nonignorable correlations only with adjacent dimensions due to data features, for example, geographical information. Row-wise estimation method is adapted for fast computation. Also, two estimation methods, namely BIC and ratio methods, are proposed to estimate the width of band. We demonstrate asymptotic consistency of our proposed estimation methods through simulation study. Real data applications to pm2.5 and apartment trading volume substantiate that our Banded-VHAR model outperforms traditional sparse VHAR model in forecasting and easy to interpret model coefficients.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 1989

C-banded karyotypes in A. anisopodium, A. sacculiferum, A. deltoide-fistulosum and A. splendens were investigated. The chromosome compositions were diploid of 2n=16 in A anisopodium and A. splendens, and teiraploid of 2n=32 in a. sacculiferum and A. deltoide-fistulosum. The bands were distributed in telomeric parts of the chromosomes dominantly in addition to interstitial regions sporadically, resulting in the specific C-banded karyo types according to the species. No centromeric band was observed in these species except only one chromosome in A. deltoidefistulosum. The interspecific relationship based on the C-band distribution will be discussed.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.4E
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• pp.125-133
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a critical banded wavelet packet-based spectral subtraction for speech enhancement. Critical banded wavelet packet, which reflects the human auditory system, may lead to minimization of intelligibility loss and quality improvement of the enhanced speech in the spectral domain, when combined with an appropriate spectral subtraction gain function. The proposed method shows better performance than the conventional one in comparative assessments. We also show that, for effective evaluation of enhanced speech, it is essential to consider the characteristics of speech quality measures.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 2002

Several ways of curing are being tried to improve material's properties and reduce marginal gap. However, all are considering about the pattern of light intensity. It was noted from the preliminary study the change of light wavelength from filter changing may give an impact on material's property and microleakage. The object of this study was to verify the effect of filters with various wavelength width on the microhardness and microleakage of composite resin ; hybrid type of DenFil and submicron hybrid type of Esthet X. Composite resins were cured using 3 kinds of filter; narrow-banded(465-475 nm), mid-banded(430-470 nm), wide-banded(400-500 nm). After the estimation of microhardness. degree of dye penetration and the maximum gap from SEM evaluation were done between 4 groups that showed no difference in microhardness value of the lower surface . The results were as follows : 1 Adequate microhardness could not be gained with a narrow-banded filter irrespective of curing time. At the upper surface, DenFil should be polymerized with middle or wide-banded filter for 20 seconds at least, while Esthet X be col$.$ed with middle or wide-banded filter for 30 seconds at least to get simitar hardness value to control group. 2. There was little dye penetration in enamel margin, but all dentin margins skewed much more dye penetration irrespective of curing conditions. Although there was no statistical difference, groups cured with mid-banded filter for 40 seconds and with wide-width filter for 20 seconds showed relatively less dye penetration. 3. It was revealed from the SEM examination that group cured with wide-banded filter had the smallest gap without statistical significance. Spearman's rho test showed that the correlation between the results of dye penetration and SEM examination was very low. From these results, it could be concluded that curing with wide-width filter would be better than the other techniques, even though the curing technique using mid-width filter seems to have its own unique advantage.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.523-535
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• 1994

The strata-bound type iron ore bodies in the Chungju mine are interbedded with metamorphic rocks which are intruded by Mesozoic granitic rocks. The iron ore deposit occurs as layer or lens shape which are concordant with the metamorphic rocks. The iron ore is classified into banded and massive types based on the mode of texture and occurrence. Grain size and iron-oxides tend to become coarser toward massive ore than banded ore. Banded ores commonly contain internal layers defined by alternating magnetite- rich, hematite-rich, magnetite-hematite, and quartz-rich mesobands. The banded iron ore consists of hematite, magnetite, quartz, feldspar, and minor amounts of biotite, muscovite, chlorite, carbonates, epidote, allanite, and zircon. Massive ores which are characterized by high magnetite content occur in contact of granitic rocks. The massive iron ores consist mostly of magnetite and quartz, with minor amounts of hematite, pyrite, microcline, biotite, muscovite, chlorite, carbonates, epidote, allanite and zircon. Magnetite from banded and massive ores is almost pure $Fe_3O_4$ in composition, including 0.14 to 0.27 wt.% MnO and 0.10 to 0.15 wt.% MnO, respectively. Hematite of the ore contains 0.87 to 1.27 wt.% $TiO_2$ in banded ore and 3.44 to 6.96 wt.% $TiO_2$ in massive ore, respectively. Biotite shows a little compositional variation depending on ore types. Biotite of the banded ore has lower FeO, $TiO_2$ and $Al_2O_3$, and higher MgO and $SiO_2$ than the massive ore. The modes of occurrence and petrography of ore implies that massive ores might have been formed either under more reducing environments or higher temperature condition than banded ore. Banded ores might represent early episode of iron enrichment due to regional metamorphism. Massive ores might be related to the contact metamorphism resulting from late granitic intrusion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.120-127
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• 2015

Morphological properties of dark banded rockfish (Sebastes inermis) were analysed to investigate its acoustic scattering characteristics. Total of 18 live samples was prepared for X-ray photos and collected morphological coordinates of their body and swim bladder shapes. Kirchhoff-ray mode model was used to calculate acoustic scattering pattern for broad-band frequency range. Inclination of swim bladder ranged from 17 to 30 and the averaged value was about $25.2^{\circ}$ (S.D.(standard deviation)=3.15). There were no any tendency of increase or decrease in volume and area ratio of swim bladder to fish body and ranged from 2.2 % to 4.43 % and 14.85 % to 21.31 %, respectively. The averaged value of volume and area ratio was 3.13 % (S.D.=0.52) and 17.6 % (S.D.=1.5). $b_{20}$ values were -69.01 for 38 kHz, -69.83 for 70 kHz, -70.17 for 120 kHz and -70.93 for 200 kHz, recpectively. Broadband acoustic patterns of dark banded rockfish for 20 ~ 200 kHz were similar among samples and they reflected size and morphological properties of fish species.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

The acute toxicity and sublethal effects of nitrite on the dark-banded rockfish, Sebastes inermis (mean body weight: $83.3{\pm}7.2$ g), were studied under static conditions for a period of 96 h. The acute toxicity of nitrite was at the 50% lethal concentration ($LC_{50}$) of 700 mg/L. The sublethal effects on selected hematological parameters of the dark-banded rockfish, such as its osmolality, hematocrit, cortisol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), were measured after 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure to 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 700 mg/L nitrite. Sublethal nitrite caused a progressive reduction in the hematocrit of the fish, depending on the nitrite concentration and the exposure period. Exposure to 100-700 mg/L nitrite for 96 h caused a reduction in the hematocrit and an increase in cortisol, ALT, and AST compared with the control levels. Abnormal ultrastructural changes in the gills and liver tissues were observed in fish exposed to 700 mg/L nitrite for up to 96 h compared with the control tissues. Ultrastructural changes included atrophic gill mitochondria and hepatocytes that developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum and atrophic mitochondria. Although no rockfish mortality occurred at 500 mg/L nitrite, all the hematological parameters examined responded adversely to a nitrite dose of 200 mg/L for 96 h. These results show that although the acute toxic concentration of nitrite for the dark-banded rockfish is > 700 mg/L, sublethal concentrations of nitrite also negatively affect its hematological parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.508-511
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• 2003

For the purpose of equalisation of rapidly time variant channels, We derive a novel adaptive algorithm the amplitude Banded LMS(ABLMS), which implements a non-linear adaptation based on a coefficient matrix. Then we develop the ABLMS algorithm as the adaptation procedure for a linear transversal equalise.(LTE) and a decision feedback equaliser(DFE) where a parallel adaption scheme is deployed.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.98-110
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• 1998

Hongcheon magnetite deposit is embedded, as a lens shape, in biotite banded gneiss belonging to the Gyeonggi metamorphic complex. It gradationally changes to the host quartz-feldspathic banded gneiss in the mineral composition. Magnetite ore bodies are composed of magnetite ores and magnetite banded gneiss which gradationally change each other in the amount of magnetite. They consist mainly of magnetite, quartz, plagioclase and chlorite accompanied with amphibole, biotite, muscovite, monazite, apatite, ankerite, siderite, rhodochrositic dolomite, calcite and rutile. Amphibole is subdivided into hornblende, richterite and magnesio-riebekite in magnetite ores, and magnesio-, ferro- or actinolitic hornblende in magnetite banded gneiss. The variation in chemical composition may be influenced by bulk composition and controlled mainly by glaucophane $Na(M4)Al_3^{VI}=CaMg$ and richterite Na(M4)Na(A)=Ca substitutions. Biotite in magnetite banded gneiss has an annite composition. Chlorite changes in chemical composition from pycnochlorite to diabantite in magnetite ores and belongs to pycnochlorite in magnetite banded gneiss. The mafic minerals and feldspar have been strongly altered by carbonate minerals which are secondarily formed by introduced hydrothermal solution. Fe-bearing carbonate minerals can be subdivided into ankerite, siderite and rhodochrositic dolomite according to the ratio of Fe-Mg-Mn component.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 1989

Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of A. thunbergii, A. deltoide-fistulosum, A. cyaneum and A. cyaneum var. deltoides were analyzed, and the interspecific relationships were investigated on the basis of the C-banding patterns. The banding pattern of each species was unique and made possible an easy and clear separation among them. A. thunbergii and A. deltoide-fistulosum revealed very close banding relationship but a. cyaneum and A. cyaneum var. deltoides showed significant difference in banding pattern in spite of their close plant systematic position.