• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1283-1288
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• 2000

Objectives : The subcellular locations of Bad, Bid, Bax and Bcl-XL change during apoptosis and this change is important for the regulation of cell death. The purpose this study was to elucidate binding of Bad with Bcl-XL in vivo Methods : We mads Bad with Green Fluorescent Protein(GFP) using PCR method. We transfected and overexpressed GFP-Bad with or without Bcl-XL cotransfection in living COS-7 cell. Results : Bad and Bcl- XL bind one another in healthy living cells and this association controled mitochondrial docking. In the absence of Bad-XL, Bad was mainly cytosolic and partially bound to mitochondria. Upon coexpression of Bad and Bcl-XL, most of Bad translocated to mitochondria. These should suggest that Bad binds to the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic forms of Bcl-XL and Bad bound to cytoplasmic Bcl-XL translocates to mitochondria. These in vivo findings confirm that Bad make a complexes with Bcl- XL and cause mitochondrial translocation of Bad-Bcl-XL complex.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.2282-2288
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• 2016

Security key generation method by hardware or software related techniques have been variously proposed. This study analyzed the existing security key generation techniques, and propose the design of a new NAND Bad block based security key(NBSK) using a Bad Block information in the NAND flash memory, and propose a new encryption method using the same. Bad Block present in the NAND flash memory is also generated during production and sometimes occur during operations. Initial Bad Block information generated during production is not changed, Bad Block information that may occur during operation has a characteristic that can be changed periodically. This study is designed of the new secure key using initial Bad Block information physical address generated during manufacturing a NAND flash memory, and proposed of the new encryption method. With the proposed key and method can satisfy the general security characteristics, such as the creation and distribution of the secure key authentication and confidentiality and the simplicity of the security key.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 1989

The great sudenn change of circle of dental laboratory technology brought mary discord between the new growing environmental group and the old group, In order to know the satisfactory degree of dental laboratory heads about all dental College, This Study was conducted for 49 detal technicians who graduated from junior laboratory heads in Seoul and Kyoung Gi area. The results are abtained as follow- 1. By age The degree of Satisfaction of items about all graduate dental technician were "41$\sim$45 age" group 26.53%), "46$\sim$50 age" group 22.45%, "36$\sim$40 age" group 18.36%, "31$\sim$35 age" group 12.24%, "51$\sim$55 age" group and "56$\sim$60 age" group 8.16% 60$\sim$age group 4.08% in order. 2. By Job Career. The Highest degree item out of Satisfaction about all graduated dental dental technician was 21$\sim$25 years group 28.5%, 16$\sim$20 years 20.4%, 11$\sim$15 years group 12.24%, 26$\sim$20%, 6$\sim$10 years group 4.08%, below 5 years group 2.04% in order. 3. By managing term of respondent's dental laboratory. The Satisfactory degree of items about all gradate technician were 7$\sim$10 years group 36.73% over 15 years group 22.45%, 11$\sim$14 years group 20.41%, 3$\sim$6 years group 14.29% below 2 years group 6.12% in order 4. By dental technician number of respondent's dental laboratory. The satisfactory degree intems about man were as follow; 6$\sim$9 persons group is 42.86 % The Satisfactory degree items about woman were one persons group in 34.69% 5. By born place The dental laboratory heads mean of inters about all dental technician were Seoul group 20.64 %, Kyoung Gi 17.20 %, Jen Nam group 14.99 % Chung Nam 9.5%in order 6. The satisfactory degree of items about all graduate dental technician were neither good nor bad group 32.65%, bad 6.12%, By ability of adaptaton, The satisfactory degree items about man were neither good nor bad group 42.86%, bad group 40.82%. The satisfactory degree of items about woman were neither good nor bad group 40.82% bad group 36.73%. 7. By sincerity. The satisfactory degree of items about man dental technician who graduated from Junior College were neither good nor bad group 52.02%, bad group 4.08, The satisfactory degree about woman dental technician graduated from Junior College were neither good nor bad group 42.86%, bad group 6.12%. 8. By ability of basical of items about man were bad group 40.82 %. The satisfactory degree about woman were 46.94%. 9. By cooperation relation ship. The satisfactory degree of items about man were neither good nor bad group 42.86%, bad group 10.20%. The satisfactory degree about woman were neither good nor bad group 42.86%, bad group 10.20 %. 10. By ability of work. The satisfactory degree of items about man were neither good nor bad group 48.98%, bad group 4.08%. The satisfactory degree about woman were neither good nor bad group 42.86%, bad group 6.12 %. 11. By the curriculum of the dental technician. The satisfactory degree of items about man were neither good nor bad group 67.35%, bad group 2.04%, The satisfactory degree about woman were neither good nor bad group 61.22%, bad group 6.12%. 12. By occupational satisfaction. The satisfactory degree of items about all graduate dental technician were fatisfied group 14.29%. By the out look of employment. The satisfactory degree of items about man greduate dental technician were neither good nor bad group 34.69 %, bad group 10.20%, about woman graduate dental technician were neither good nor bad group 44.90%, bad group 10.20%, Their employment prospect is not so bright or oprimistic due to the glut supply by graduates in the job-seeking market 13. The satisfactory rate on the artificial dental manufacturing world in terms of effects produced by juror College graduate dental technicians shared good group 40.82% bad group 2.04% 14. By cognition of the number of graduate dental technician. The satisfactory degree of dental laboratory heads about man graduate dental technician were too many group 38.78%, few group 6.12% about woman graduated dental technician were neither good nor bad group 30.6% few group 10,20%, The employment opportunities for the artifical dental technicians are getting decreased because of their excessive cumber in supply 15. The opinion regarding the initial salary. ranging from \160,000 to \200,000 for the junior college graduate dental technicians shared 57.14%. The top ratio, while the satisfaction reate on the academic study period of "3-year" group shared 22%, also the top ratio. 16. The improvement policy and prblematic issues presonted by the owner and operatore of atriticial dental manufacturing plants are as shown below First; The viewpoint that they contribute to the improvement of people's oral health in terms of their mission as artificial dental technicians. Second: The cultivation of basic technical ability to cope with clinical practice upon graduation Third; They require guidance in study and research in their filed of profession, that tray may beable to estaclish a from theory.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.495-503
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• 2006

This study investigated the awareness of bad breath, using the self administered questionnaires, in order to get to the bottom of the bad breath problem among dental students and other students in some region. A total of 121 questionnaires were collected out of 128 questionnaires. Moreover, Oralchroma which can measure the degree of bad breath based on the pinpointed distinction of volatile sulphur compound was used, and the following conclusion was drawn. 1. 89.6% of respondents said that they thought that had the bad breath, whereas 7.8% said that they did not think that they had any bad breath. but the truth of the matter was that all of the respondents was confirmed they had any bad breath. 2. 95.6% of respondents said that they felt that they had the most serious bad breath right after they got up, and 61.1% said that they felt that the bad breath was mostly from the tongue. 3. Generally, it turned out that bad breath causing factors were found to have high correlation except H2S and $(CH_3)_2S$.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.307-327
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• 2018

In light of Korean inclusion of its diaspora as part of the nation, a "creolized" approach that brings together constructions of the bad subject of Asian American studies with conceptions of the Korean minjung grounds an analysis of two poets as they might be considered from a bi-national, Korean and U.S. American, perspective. The poets Ed Bok Lee and Jason Koo show different ways of being the bad subject. Lee is clearly a bad American subject, resisting American white racial hegemony, and his poetry often addresses a kind of American minjung multiculturalism, as is shown in poems from his first two books Real Karaoke People and Whorled. He challenges some aspects of contemporary Korea, and might be a kind of Korean bad subject in those challenges. Koo, on the other hand, resists the call to bad subjectivity, so that his poetry may not fit the preferred paradigm of Asian American studies, as he recognizes. As he resists that paradigm, he also gives little attention to his Korean heritage, so his not-bad American subjectivity becomes bad Korea subjectivity. He recovers some measure of badness in the final poem of Man on Extremely Small Island when he connects briefly to his Korean heritage and his Asian American present. The creolized juxtaposition of the bad subject with the minjung suggests the use of these poems in considering both American and Korean society.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.57-68
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• 2010

This study presents the shape of the study on the users' bad behavior with consideration of the concept and types, antecedents, countermeasures on bad behaviors of library users on the basis of bad behavior theory and the direction of which the study can be applied in the domestic scenes henceforth.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.151-169
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• 2021

In the P300-based concealed information test, most commonly used methods to detect whether a subject is lying are the bootstrapped amplitude difference (BAD) and the bootstrap correlation difference (BCD). Previous studies comparing the accuracy of the two methods reported inconsistent results. Most studies showed that the BAD is more accurate than the BCD, but some studies found that the BCD had a higher accuracy rate than the BAD. The purpose of the study is to identify conditions where the each method has higher accuracy compared to the other. In the result of Monte Carlo study, the false alarm rate of the BAD was generally higher than that of the BCD, and the hit rate of the BAD was higher than that of the BCD. Compared to the condition where the P300 latencies of probe and irrelevant were similar, the hit rate of the BCD was decreased when the P300 latency of probe was about 100 ms faster, and the hit rate of the BCD was increased when the P300 latency of probe was about 100 ms slower. When the P300 amplitude of the probe was slightly larger than that of the irrelevant and the P300 latency of probe was longer than that of target, the hit rate of the BCD was higher than that of the BAD. The reason why the false alarm rate of the BAD is higher than that of BCD and why the hit rate of the BCD is affected by the P300 latency of the probe were discussed.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 1997

the pupose of this study was to investigate the effects of gonadotropin and nitric oxide (NO) on the expression of mouse follicular bad and bax genes that are known induce apoptosis. Large and midium size follicles of immature mice were obtained at 0, 24, and 48 hours time intervals after Pregnant Mare's Serum gonadotropins(PMSG, 5 I.U.) injection. Preovulatory follicles collected at 24 hrs after PMSG injection were cultured with or without various chemicals such as gonadotropin, gonadotropin Releasing hormone(GnRH), testosterone, Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) for 24 hrs at $37^{\circ}C$. After 24 hrs culture, the culture media was used for nitrite assay and total RNA was extracted, subjected to RT-PCT for the analyses of bad and bax expression. We found that expression of bad and bax genes in follicles was markedly reduced before and after in vivo priming with hCG. When the preovulatory follicles were cultured for 24 hrs in culture media with PMSG and hCG, the expression of bad and bax genes was decreased. Moreover, SNP (NO generating agent) can significantly suppress the expression of bad and bax genes in follicles when apoptosis was induced by GnRH agonist and testosterone. At the same time, nitrite production of culture media was increased in GnRH agonist + SNP, testosterone + SNP and SNP treated groups than control group. These data demonstrated for the first time that peptide hormones and NO may play important roles in the regulation of mouse follicular differentiation and may prevent apoptosis via supressing the expression of bad and bax genes.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.251-262
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• 2013

Bad smells are usually related to program source code, arising from bad design and programming practices. Refactoring activities are often motivated by the detection of bad smells. With the increasing adoption of Design-by-Contract (DBC) methodologies in formal software development, evidence of bad design practices can similarly be found in programs that combine actual production code with interface contracts. These contracts can be written in languages, such as the Java Modeling Language (JML), an extension to the Java syntax. This paper presents a catalog of bad smells that appear during DBC practice, considering JML as the language for specifying contracts. These smells are described over JML constructs, although several can appear in other DBC languages. The catalog contains 6 DBC smells. We evaluate the recurrence of DBC smells in two ways: first by describing a small study with graduate student projects, and second by counting occurrences of smells in contracts from the JML models application programming interface (API). This API contains classes with more than 1,600 lines in contracts. Along with the documented smells, suggestions are provided for minimizing the impact or even removing a bad smell. It is believed that initiatives towards the cataloging of bad smells are useful for establishing good design practices in DBC.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2003

Purpose: Evidence exists that dysregulation of apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of cancer development. The Bcl-$x_{L}$/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD), a member of the Bcl-2 family, is a critical regulatory component of the intrinsic cell-death pathway that exerts its pro-apoptotic effect upon heterodimerization with anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-$X_{L}$. Expression of the BAD protein has been reported in several cancer types, but not in stomach cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the expression status of the BAD protein in gastric carcinomas. Materials and Methods: In the current study, we analyzed the expression of the BAD protein in 60 advanced gastric adenocarcinomas by using immunohistochemistry and a tissue microarray approach. Results: Immunopositivity (defined as $\geq\30\%$) was observed for the BAD protein in 57 ($95\%$) of the 60 cancers. Normal gastric mucosal cells showed weaker expressions of the BAD protein than gastric carcinomas. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that stomach cancer cells in vivo may need BAD protein expression for apoptosis. Also, the higher expression of the BAD protein in stomach cancer cells than in normal gastric mucosal cells suggests that apoptosis might be easily triggered in susceptible stomach cancer cells, thereby producing selective pressure to make more apoptosis-resistant cells during tumor development.