• Title/Summary/Keyword: Bacterial wilt disease of tomato

Search Result 47, Processing Time 0.022 seconds

Detection of the Causal Agent of Bacterial Wilt, Ralstonia solanacearum in the Seeds of Solanaceae by PCR (가지과 종자에서 Ralstonia solanacearum의 검출을 위한 PCR 방법)

  • Cho, Jung-Hee;Yim, Kyu-Ock;Lee, Hyok-In;Baeg, Ji-Hyun;Cha, Jae-Soon
    • Research in Plant Disease
    • /
    • v.17 no.2
    • /
    • pp.184-190
    • /
    • 2011
  • Ralstonia solanacearum, a causal agent of bacterium wilt is very difficult to control once the disease becomes endemic. Thus, Ralstonia solanacearum is a plant quarantine bacterium in many countries including Korea. In this study, we developed PCR assays, which can detect Ralstonia solanacearum from the Solanaceae seeds. Primers RS-JH-F and RS-JH-R amplified specifically a 401 bp fragment only from Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 and race 3. The nested PCR primers, RS-JH-F-ne and RS-JH-R-ne that were designed inside of 1st PCR amplicon amplified specifically a 131 bp fragment only from Ralstonia solanacearum race 1 and race 3. The primers did not amplify any non-specific DNA from the seed extracts of the Solanaceae including tomato and pepper. When detection sensitivity were compared using the Solanaceae seeds inoculated with target bacteria artificially, the nested PCR method developed in this study 100 times more sensitive than ELISA and selective medium. Therefore, we believe that the PCR assays developed in this work is very useful to detect Ralstonia solanacearum in the Solanaceae seeds.

Enhancement of Tomato Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses by Variovorax sp. PMC12 (Variovorax sp. PMC12 균주에 의한 토마토의 생물학 및 비생물학적 스트레스 저항성 증진)

  • Kim, Hyeon Su;Lee, Shin Ae;Kim, Yiseul;Sang, Mee kyung;Song, Jaekyeong;Chae, Jong-Chan;Weon, Hang-Yeon
    • Research in Plant Disease
    • /
    • v.24 no.3
    • /
    • pp.221-232
    • /
    • 2018
  • Rhizobacteria play important roles in plant growth and health enhancement and render them resistant to not only biotic stresses but also abiotic stresses, such as low/high temperature, drought, and salinity. This study aimed to select plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with the capability to mitigate biotic and abiotic stress effects on tomato plants. We isolated a novel PGPR strain, Variovorax sp. PMC12 from tomato rhizosphere. An in vitro assay indicated that strain PMC12 produced ammonia, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, which are well-known traits of PGPR. The aboveground fresh weight was significantly higher in tomato plants treated with strain PMC12 than in non-treated tomato plants under various abiotic stress conditions including salinity, low temperature, and drought. Furthermore, strain PMC12 also enhanced the resistance to bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Taken together, these results indicated that strain PMC12 is a promising biocontrol agent and a biostimulant to reduce the susceptibility of plants to both abiotic and biotic stresses.

Infection Route of Bacterial Wilt of Tomato Caused by Ralstonia. solanacearum in Hydroponic Culture (수경재배에서 토마토풋마름병의 전염경로)

  • Nam, Ki-Woong;Moon, Byung-Woo;Kim, Young-Ho;Lee, Chang-Hee
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.171-176
    • /
    • 2009
  • Hydroponic culture has been developed to control soilborn diseases, to increase yield and to enhance the quality of vegetable, The pathogen could be detected from infected plant materials, hydroponic tanks, culture solution and solid media of the severely infected greenhouse, The density of pathogen population was coincided with the severity of disease incidence, For example, 1,900cfu m$L^{-1}$ pf pathogens were counted from tomato plants sampled in a 20% diseased greenhouse. The pathogens may be introduced in the greenhouse through the contaminated soil surrounding the house and/or through the infected young seedlings grown on the nursery soil. Also, not detected to Ralstonia solanacearum from tomato seeds (House Momotaro, Bbaebbae, Ggoggo, and Minicarol cultivar) selling at a market.

Present Status of Soilborne Disease Incidence and Scheme for Its Integrated Management in Korea (국내 토양병해 발생현황과 종합 관리방안)

  • Kim, Choong-Hoe;Kim, Yong-Ki
    • Research in Plant Disease
    • /
    • v.8 no.3
    • /
    • pp.146-161
    • /
    • 2002
  • Incidence of soilborne diseases, as a major cause of failure of continuous monocropping becomes severe in recent years. For examples, recent epidemics of club root of chinese cabbage, white rot of garlic, bacterial wilt of potato, pepper phytophthora blight, tomato fusarium wilt and CGMMV of watermelon are the diseases that require urgent control measures. Reasons for the severe incidence of soilborne diseases are the simplified cropping system or continuous monocropping associated with allocation of major production areas of certain crop and year-round cultivation system that results in rapid degradation of soil environment. Neglect of breeding for disease resistance relative to giving much emphasis on high yield and good quality, and cultural methods putting first on the use of chemical fertilizers are thought to be the reason. Counter-measures against soilborne disease epidemics would become most effective when the remedies are seeded for individual causes. As long-term strategies, development of rational cropping system which fits local cropping and economic condition, development and supply of cultivars resistant to multiple diseases, and improvement of soil environment by soil conditioning are suggested. In short-term strategies, simple and economical soil-disinfestation technology, and quick and accurate forecasting methods for soilborne diseases are urgent matter far development. for these, extensive supports are required in governmental level for rearing soilborne disease specialists and activation of collaborating researches to solve encountering problems of soilborne diseases.

Complete genome sequence of Chryseobacterium sp. T16E-39, a plant growth-promoting and biocontrol bacterium, isolated from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) root (토마토 뿌리에서 분리한 식물생육촉진과 생물방제 세균 Chryseobacterium sp. T16E-39 균주의 유전체 서열)

  • Lee, Shin Ae;Kim, Sang Yoon;Sang, Mee Kyung;Song, Jaekyeong;Weon, Hang-Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
    • /
    • v.53 no.4
    • /
    • pp.351-353
    • /
    • 2017
  • Chryseobacterium sp. strain T16E-39, isolated from roots of a tomato plant, promotes plant growth and suppresses phytophthora blight and bacterial wilt diseases. The complete genome of strain T16E-39 consists of a circular chromosome with 4,872,888 base pairs with a G + C content of 35.22%. The genome includes 4,289 coding sequences, 15 rRNAs, and 71 tRNAs. We detected genes involved in phosphate solubilization, phytohormone regulation, antioxidant activity, chitin degradation, and the type IX secretion system (T9SS) that may be related to growth promotion and disease suppression in plants.

Contamination Level of Ralstonia solanacearum in Soil of Greenhouses Cultivating tomato Plants in Chungbuk Province and Characteristics of the Isolates (충북지역 토마토 시설재배지의 풋마름병균(Ralstonia solanacearum) 오염도 및 분리균주의 특성)

  • Yun, Gon-Sig;Park, Sang-Yong;Kang, Hyo-Jung;Lee, Ki-Yeol;Cha, Jae-Soon
    • Research in Plant Disease
    • /
    • v.10 no.1
    • /
    • pp.58-62
    • /
    • 2004
  • Contamination level and characteristics of Ralstonia solanacearum in soil of greenhouses cultivating tomato plants in Chungbuk province was determined. R. solanacearum was isolated with the semiselective media in 27 greenhouse soil samples out of 133 greenhouses soil investigated, which indicates 20.3 % of tomato cultivating greenhouses in Chungbuk contaminated with the bacterial wilt pathogen. Density of R. solanacearum was estimated to 10$^{2.4}$ cfu/g in the contaminated soil. All 71 isolates of R. solanacearum which containing 12 isolates from the diseased tomato plants were race 1, ann 35 isolates of them were biovar 3 and 36 isolates were biovar 4. More than 88% of 71 isolates were inhibited growth on nutrient agar containing oxolinic acid 0.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, streptomycin 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, tetracycline 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and cupric sulfate 375 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml (1.5 mM). The 11.3%, 4.2% and 5.6 % of the isolates can grow on nutrient agar containing 10 times more oxolinic acid, streptomycin, tetracycline than minimal inhibitory concentration of the sensitive strains. Five isolates were resistant to 2 bactericides and one isolates was resistant to all 3 bactericides.

A Multi-microbial Biofungicide for the Biological Control against Several Important Plant Pathogenic Fungi (진균성 식물병해 방제를 위한 항생물질 생산 길항미생물의 복합제제화)

  • Jung, Hee-Kyoung;Ryoo, Jae-Cheon;Kim, Sang-Dal
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • v.48 no.1
    • /
    • pp.40-47
    • /
    • 2005
  • In order to develop a multi-microbial biofungicide against several important plant pathogenic fungi, strains were isolated from the phtophthora blight suppressive red-pepper field soil of Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. Strains AY1, AY6, AB1, BB2 and F4, which had strong antagonistic ability against Phytophthota capsici and Fusarium oxysporum, were selected for their involvement with strains of biocontrol fungicide. There were no antagonism among the selected strains and were compatible for making the biofungicide. Their antagonistic mechanisms, except for strain BB2, were an antibiosis by the production of antibiotic, while BB2 produced not only an antibiotic but also cellulase as an antagonistic mechanism against blight causing P. capsici. They were identified as Halobacterium sp. AB1, Xenorhadus sp. AY1, Bacillus sp. AY6, Bacillus sp. BB2, Zymomonas sp. F4 by various cultural, biochemical test and $Biolog^{TM}$ System 4.0. The highest levels of antifungal antibiotic could be produced after 48 hrs of incubation under the optimal medium which were 0.1% galactose, 0.1% $NaNO_2$, 5 mM $Na_2{\cdot}HPO_4$ (pH 5.5). The cultured multi-microbial biofungicide showed strong biocontrol activity against bacterial wilt disease and fusarium wilt disease in cucumber and tomato fields.