• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 1990

해양세균이 적조형성 생물에 미치는 역할을 알기 위하여, 일차적으로 진해만에 분포하고 있는 세균을 분리동정함과 동시에 과편모조류의 군집 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 분리동정한 총균주수는 251균주로 Flavobacterium spp.가 26균주, Ainetobacter spp.가 18균주였으며 우점종은 계절별로 다르게 나타났다. 한편 광합성세균은 약 $13\%$인 32균주가 분리되었으며, 이들은 Erythrobacter longus, Erythrobacter sp.(J-2) 및 Erythrobarter sp.(J-8)의 3종으로 동정되었다. 과편모조류 군집은 14속 29taxa로 구성되었으며, 출현양은 9월에 4,699cells/m1로 가장 많고 4월에 36cells/ml로 가장 적었다. 우점종으로 8월에 Gymnodinium sangurneum, 9월에는 Prorocentrum micans, P. minimu, 10월에는 Ceratium fussus 그리고 4월에는 Heterocapsa triquetra였다. 한편 8, 9월에는 주로 마산만과 진해만 서부연안에서 적조현상이 발생하였다. 수질부영양지표성분인 DIN과 DIP는 적조발생조건(수질2급기준에 해당)인 $7.14{\mu}g/-at/\iota$와 $0.48{\mu}g/-at\iota$를 대부분 초과하였으며, COH는 부영양 또는 과영양수역에 해당되었고 하계 저층수에서는 빈산소상태를 나타냈다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2000

군산내만에서 분리한 미생물총 Vibrio spp.(44균주), Pseudomonas spp.(42균주), Aeromonas spp.(26균주), Moraxella spp.(9균주), Enterobacteria spp.(6균주), Bordetella spp.(3균주), Alkaligenesis spp.(3균주), Staphylococcus spp.(3균주), Flavobacterium spp.(2균주)를 총 123주를 대상으로 Ampicillin(AM), Penicillin-G(PM), Rifampicin(RF), Streptomycin(SM), Oxolinic acid(OA), Nalidixic acid(NA), Oxytetracycline(OT), Amikacin(AK), 및 Enorfloxacin(EF)등의 약제에 대해서 감수성검사를 실시하였다. 공시약제에 대한 감수성균주는 42균주(34.1%)이었으며, 내성균주는 81균주(65.9%)로서 약제 내성율은 AM(54균주/43.9%), PM(47균주/38.2%) 및 RF(35균주/28.4%) 등에는 고빈도의 내성을 보였으며, SM(9균주/7.3%), OA(5균주/4.06%) 및 NA(1균주/0.8%)등에는 저빈도의 내성을 보였다. 그렇지만 OT, AK 및 NF에는 내성을 보이지 않았다. 내성 유형은 총 15유형(1-4제)으로서 이중 단일약제 내성 균주는 모두 35균주(28.4%)로서 AM(20균주/16.3%), PM(10균주/16.3%)및 RF(10균주/8.1%)약제에 내성 출현율이 높았다. 한편, 다제내성은 12유형을 나타내었으며, AM-PM-RF(16균주/13.4%), AM-PM(8균주/6.5%) 및 PM-RF(7균주/5.6%)유형이 비교적 출현빈도가 높았다. 따라서 본 해역은 다양한 약제에 내성을 나타내는 미생물총이 서식하고 있어서 향후 다제내성균이 빠르게 확산 되어 어류질병의 치료에 많은 어려움이 예상된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1996

1992년 8월 6일 부터 8월 14일 까지에 걸쳐 조사한 동중국해와 여수 연안에서 분리한 세균상은 174균주, vibrio spp. 132균주, 대장균군 183균주에 대한 분리 동정 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 동중국해 세균상은 분리균 74균주중 40균주가 Pseudomonas spp. $(54\%)$였고, 여수 연안에서는 분리균 100균주중 60균주가 Enterobacteriaceae $(60\%)$였다. 2. Vibrio spp.는 동중국해에서 분리된 5균주중 V. alginolyticus가 4균주, V. parahaemolyticus가 1균주 밖에 분리되지 않았고, 여수 연안에서는 127균주중 V. alinolyticus가 54균주로 $42.5\%$를 차지 하였으며, V. parahaemolyticus는 21균주로 $16.5\%$를 차지하여 이들 두 균종이 Vibrio의 우점종이였다. 3. 대장균군은 동중국해에서 분리한 27균주중 E. coli I이 3균주, C. freundii I이 1균주였고 여수 연안에서는 분리균 156균주중 E. coli I이 79균주 $(50.6\%)$였고 C. freundii I, II가 각각 1균주였다. 4. 대장균군의 IMViC system, $44^{\circ}C$의 발육, gelatin 액화 실험에 의해 16균형으로 분별 되었고 비동정균은 $8\~16$균형으로 분리 균 183균주중 99균주로 $54\%$를 차지하였으며 5. $5^{\circ}C$ 가능한 저온성 대장균군은 15균주였다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate the causes of bacterial growth to prevent infection caused by ultrasound gel and gel containers in contact with patients during ultrasonography. To investigate bacterial contamination during manufacturing or storage, we cultured ultrasound gels originally supplied from three manufacturers. To analyze bacterial growth according to the lapse of time and frequency of use of the ultrasound gel container, the gel and container were cultured at regular intervals every week for 4 weeks. In addition, to determine the source of infection, the examiner's hand was inspected with hand plate and the degree of bacterial contamination was measured before the test. As a result of the study, bacteria were not detected in the gel provided at the initial supply, and in the gel and gel container used repeatedly for 4 weeks, the same bacteria residing on the skin were identified in the examiner's hand, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, Leuconostoc mesenteroid spp cremoris, Kocuria rhizophila, and etc. Separated strains were classified as those of the low- or non-pathogenicity; however, most of these strains may render fatal consequences to patients of lower level of immunity due to acquired tolerance to antibiotics. At week 1, when the number of tests was the highest, 44 colonies were identified, and at week 4, when the number of tests was the lowest, 4 colonies were identified. As r=0.994, it was found that the number of colonies increased as the number of tests increased. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the cause of the infection was not the ultrasound gel, but the examiner's hand. The ultrasound gel or gel container may be contaminated by skin flora of examiner's hands, which can cause opportunistic infection in patients with low immunity. The ultrasound gel or gel container may be contaminated by skin flora of examiner's hands, which can cause opportunistic infection in patients with low immunity. Therefore, it was confirmed that thorough hand disinfection was necessary to block healthcare-associated infections.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.740-747
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• 1985

In these three and half years, the number of dairy cow diagnosed and treated at Veterinary Clinic, College of Animal Husbandary, Kun kuk University was amunted to 4510 heads of Holstein breed. In order to survey the aspect of reproductive failure incidenc

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2004

Bacteria isolated from nasal cavity of 50 Thoroughbred horses with respiratory tract infection were examined. There were isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa(33.5%), Escherichia coli(10.2%), Pseudomonas spp(7.6%), Klebsiella oxytoca(5.9%), Streptococcus equi subsp zooepidemious(6.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(3.4%), Acinetobacter spp(5.5%) and coagulase negative staphylococcus(2.1%). The majority of isolates were highly susceptible to amikacin, amoxicillin, aztreonam, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefotetan, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, imipenem, tetracyclin and vancomycin. These results can provide basic information for the treatments of respiratory tract infections in Thoroughbred horses.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제21권7호통권170호
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• pp.573-577
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• 1983

The antimicrobial action of various dental cements evaluated against common micro-organisms most frequenty found within the components of the normal bacterial flora of oral cavity. They include Streptococcus mutans (2 strains), Lactobacillus acidophilus, Actinomyces viscosus, and Streptococcus sanguis. The test was done by the use of brain heart infusion (BHI) agar plates. A standard mix of each cement was made and placed on the plates which were seeded with a standard culture of microorganisms. After incubation, the halo of bacterial growth inhibition around the cement was identified and its size was measured. Some of the cements tested had obvious antibacterial effect. The cements listed in decreasing order of effectiveness are 1) zinc phosphate and oxyphosphate, 2) silicate, 3) zinc oxide-eugenol, 4) calcium hydroxide, and 5) carboxylate.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.361-375
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• 2003

In this study, significant factors influencing on the quality and stability of fermented sausage, such as materials, processing conditions, and microbiological characteristics as well as topography during ripening, were documented. Since most fermented sausages are not heated during manufacture or before consumption, a strict control of the growth of pathogens and the selection of favourable conditions that encourage the specific growth and development of desirable microflora are particularly important. With respect to microbiological safety, hurdles, i.e., preservations(nitrite), redox potential, competitive flora, acidity(pH), and water activity($a_{w}$) are matters of importance to prevent proliferation of bacterial pathogens. Today, for ensuring the safety and quality of the final product, the application of starter cultures in combination with the proper processing is subsequently used in practice. For improving the efficiency of microbiological utility in the production of fermented sausages, the understanding of their topography is essential. The documented different points must be taken into account when HACCP systems set up for the manufacture of fermented sausages. There are continuous researches concerning desirable improvements to sausage fermentation with health enhancing properties.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2016

Although asymptomatic bacteriuria, cystitis, and acute pyelonephritis (APN) have been categorized as urinary tract infections (UTIs), the immunopathogenesis of each disease is different. APN shows an age predilection; the majority of children (over 70-80%) with APN are under 1-2 years of age, with a male predominance. After 1-2 years of age, female predominance has been reported. This finding suggests that the immature immune state of infancy may be associated with the pathogenesis of APN. Escherichia coli is the most common etiologic agent; other uropathogens associated with UTIs originate from the host and comprise normal flora that are continuously altered by environmental factors. Therefore, uropathogens may have characteristics different from those of extraneous bacterial pathogens. Although antibiotic-resistant uropathogens, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains, are increasing in Korea and worldwide, treatment failure is rare in immune-competent children. The immunopathogenesis of APN remains unknown. Intact bacteria may not be the causative substances in renal cell injury; rather, smaller substances produced during bacterial replication may be responsible for renal cell injury and scarring. Moreover, substances from host cells such as proinflammatory cytokines may be involved in renal cell injury. A dimercaptosuccinic acid scan is used to detect the site of bacterial replication in the renal parenchyma, and may be influenced by the size of the focus and the stage of APN. Traditional aggressive studies used to identify vesicoureteral reflux after the first episode of APN have been modified because of rare cases of chronic kidney disease in patients with recurrent UTI.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 1988

T. japonius의 배양에 유효한 먹이 미생물을 탐색하기 위하여, T. japonicus가 서식하는 tide pool 면장 해수 및 해조류에서 264균주를 분리, 각 균주에 대한 먹이효과 실험을 하였던 결과, 각 생장단계별로 세균종이 달랐다. 즉 nauplius기, copepodite기 및 성체의 각기에 가장 유효한 먹이 세균은 Acinetobacter sp. AG-3뿐이고, Moraxella spp., Flavobacterium spp.는 copepodite기 이후에, Pseudomonas spp.는 성체기의 먹이 효과가 있었다. 이것은 tide pool속의 많은 세균중 극히 일부에 속하며, 먹이 세균의 최적 농도는 $10^6/ml$로 tide pool 평균 생균수 농도에 거의 일치하였다.