• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.75-77
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• 2006

In this paper, the technology of the conformance test for Broadcast Web Site Service (BWS) which is one of the data services of the T-DMB (Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) is proposed. First, the standard of the BWS Service is introduced and then the method of the conformance test of BWS bitstream and BWS receiver module is provided. A BWS bitstream analyzer is implemented for use in verifying the transmitted BWS bitstreams. To provide a means for the receiver manufactures to verify their own BWS receiver modules, a receiver test suite is developed including BWS test bitstreams and a BWS reference receiver module. The BWS bitstream analyzer includes the analysis function for the conformance test of MOT protocol, HTML, PNG, MNG, JPEG, and Ecma Script. Also, it was actually used for verifying the BWS test bitstreams. In the course of developing a HWS receiver module, 4he BWS receiver module under test can be verified by comparing the results of the BWS reference receiver module with those of the receiver module under test. when the same BWS test bitstreams are fed into the two receiver modules.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 지상파 DMB(Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting, T-DMB) 데이터 서비스 중 하나인 방송웹사이트(Broadcast Web Site, BWS) 서비스에 대한 송수신 정합 시험 도구를 개발하였다. 먼저 지상파 DMB BWS 서비스를 위한 송신 측 및 수신 측 정합 시험 방법론을 수립하였다. 시험 도구는 BWS 비트스트림 분석기, BWS 참조 복호 모듈(소프트웨어) 그리고 BWS 시험 비트스트림 등의 세 가지로 구성된다. 송신 측 시험을 위해 BWS 비트스트림 분석기를 개발하였으며, 수신 측 시험을 위해 BWS 참조 복호 모듈을 개발하고 BWS 시험 비트스트림을 제작하였다. 이 시험 비트스트림의 적합성을 검증하는 데 본 논문에서 개발한 비트스트림 분석기가 실제로 사용되었다. 동일한 시험 비트스트림을 시험 대상 BWS 복호 모듈과 참조 복호 모듈에 동시에 입력하고, 이 두 모듈의 결과를 비교함으로써 수신 측 시험을 수행한다. 본 논문에서 개발한 시험 도구들은 MOT 프로토콜, HTML, PNG, MNG, JPEG, Ecma 스트립트 등 BWS에 포함된 모든 프로토콜 및 텍스트/이미지 규격에 대한 시험을 포함한다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.459-464
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• 1996

Exo-polysaccharide (BWS) obtained from submerged cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium was fractionated. Antitumor activity of their fractions was investigated in comparison with the mycelial polysaccharide fractions. Eight kinds (BWS-DN, BWS-DA, BWS-DN-GI, BWS- DA-GI, MWS-DN, MWS-DA, MWS-DN-GI and MWS-DA-GI) of polysaccharide fractions were obtained by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography and Sepharose CL-4B gel chromatography from BWS and MWS, which were isolated from culture fiuid and mycelial cell, respectively. The anticomplementary activities (ITCH$_{50}$%) of the exo-polysaccharide fractions showing 15% to 30% were lower than those of mycelial polysaccharide fractions showing 15% to 70%. The acidic fractions of BWS-DA and BWS-DA-GI fractionated from BWS, showed the highest activity of 30%. In the MTT assay, BWS-DN and MWS against mouse leukemia L1210 exhibited high inhibition ratio of 86 and 89%, respectively at the concentration of 600 $\mu$g/ml. High inhibition ratio of 50% (IC$_{50}$) was achieved for BWS, BWS-DA and MWS-DA fractions against human colon adenocarcinoma COLO-205 and for BWS-DA, BWS-DN and MWS-DN fractions against human leukemia HL-60 at the concentra- tion of 300 $\mu$g/ml among the six polysaccharide fractions, respectively.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.215-226
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• 2021

Background: Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) is an effective method for walking rehabilitation. Additionally, the body weight support (BWS) system reduces muscle fatigue while walking. However, no previous studies have investigated the effects of RAGT with BWS on isokinetic strength of quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of torque, work, and power on the quadriceps and hamstring muscles during RAGT, using the BWS of three conditions in healthy subjects. The three different BWS conditions were BWS 50%, BWS 20%, and full weight bearing (FWB). Methods: Eleven healthy subjects (7 males and 4 females) participated in this study. The Walkbot_S was used to cause fatigue of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles and the Biodex Systems 4 Pro was used to measure the isokinetic torque, work, and power of them. After RAGT trials of each of the three conditions, the subjects performed isokinetic concentric knee flexion and extension, five at an angular velocity of 60°/s and fifteen at an angular velocity of 180°/s. One-way repeated analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences in all the variables. The least significant difference test was used for post-hoc analysis. Results: On both sides, there were significant differences in peak torque (PT) of knee extension and flexion between the three BWS conditions at an angular velocity of 60°/s and 180°/s conditions. A post-hoc comparison revealed that the PT in the BWS 50% was significantly greater than in the BWS 20% and the FWB and the PT in the BWS 20% was significantly greater than in the FWB. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the lower BWS during RAGT seems to lower the isokinetic torque, work, and power of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles because of the muscle fatigue increase.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38C권11호
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• pp.1019-1028
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• 2013

지상파 DMB(digital multimedia broadcasting)의 데이터 방송 서비스인 BWS(broadcast website)는 다수의 수신 단말에서 웹 트래픽 없이 방송을 통한 웹사이트 유사 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 데이터 서비스라는 큰 장점이 있지만, 이동 통신 기술 발달로 인해 스마트 폰이나 패드 등 스마트 기기를 통한 모바일 웹 서비스가 보편화된 환경변화로 그 가치를 인정받지 못하고 있다. 최근 방송과 통신을 융합한 하이브리드 방송을 통해 다양한 하이브리드 서비스를 제공하는 기술이 개발되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 BWS를 계층으로 구분하여 전송하는 계층 연동 구조의 BWS를 제안하고, 하이브리드 DMB 데이터 서비스로의 활용 방안을 제시한다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the spatiotemporal and kinematic gait parameters and muscle activity of the lower extremities between forward walking on sand (FWS) and backward walking on sand (BWS) in normal adults. Methods: This study was conducted on 13 healthy adults. Subjects performed FWS and BWS and the spatiotemporal and kinematic gait parameters of stride time, stride length, velocity, cadence, step length, stance, swing, double support, and hip range of motion (ROM), knee ROM were measured by a wearable inertial measurement unit system. In addition, the muscle activity of the rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), and gastrocnemius (GA) was measured. Results: The stride length, stride velocity, cadence, and step length in the BWS were significantly lower than FWS (p<0.05), and stride time was significantly greater (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the ratio of stance, swing, and double support between the two (p>0.05). The kinematic gait parameters, including hip and knee joint range of motion in BWS, were significantly lower than FWS (p<0.05). The muscle activity of the RF in BWS was significantly higher than FWS (p<0.05), but the muscle activity of the BF, TA, GA did not show any significant differences between the two movements (p>0.05). Conclusion: A strategy to increase stability by changing the gait parameters is used in BWS, and this study confirmed that BWS was a safe and effective movement to increase RF muscle activity without straining the joints. Therefore, BWS can be recommended for effective activation of the RF.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2004

The propose of this study was to evaluate the effect of body weight support treadmill training on the patients with chronic stroke. Body weight support(BWS) treadmill training has recently been shown to be effective for gait training following stroke, and few researchers have measured the usefulness of this intervention in enhancing function, and there are reports in which BWS overground ambulation was studied. This study were 1) to report the feasibility and patient tolerance for using a BWS system for treadmill ambulation, 2) to measure the function of patients with chronic stroke prior to and following BWS treadmill and overground ambulation training, and 3) to describe a protocol used for patient treatment progression using BWS treadmill training.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.458-467
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• 2006

In order to develop a Bokbunja(Rubus coreanum Miquel) with natural & food applications, the effects of Bokbunja juice and wine on the physical, textural anti bacterial and sensory properties of sulgiduck were examined. Aw of Bokbunja sulgiduck(BS) decreased as storage time prolonged. Bokbunja juice sulgiduck(BJS) was higher than Bokbunja wine sulgiduck(BWS) in water activity. BJS and BWS showed low tendency in pH as additional level was high and storage time was prolonged. Hardness of the samples increased as the storage period increased, the samples exhibited a rapid increase after 24 hours of storage. BJS was lower significantly than those of none bokbunja after 6 hours of storage. Chewiness increased slowly to 12 hours. it appeared sudden decrease after 12 hours. Adhesiveness increase of the storage 24 hours it appeared. Springiness slowly reduced with the storage period, especially J4 was slowly reduced gumminess of the samples increased as the storage period. Cohesiveness increase of the slowly width for during the storage 12 hours, increase of the largest width was after save 12 hours. Color a and b values increased significantly, as storage time was prolonged. Total colony of all the BS increased. total colony of BWS decreased as additional level of Bokbunja wine. All the sensory characteristics indicated rapid decrease tendency after 12hr storage. BWS showed higher score than BJS in overall acceptability. BWS and BJS increased in color and flavor as additional level of juice and wine increased, while softness decreased as storage time was prolonged. BWS 3% showed highest score among all the BS through all storage time. BWS 3% was most excellent in sensory evaluation.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제27권1호통권88호
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• pp.76-81
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• 1999

영지 균사체의 액체 배양에 의하여 생산된 세포의 다당시료 분획 중 우수한 항암활성을 나타내었던 산성분획인 BWS-DA-GI의 구조를 균사체 유래의 산성 다당 분획(MWS-DA-GI)과 비교하면서 조사하였다. BWS-DA-GI의 구성성분을 검토한 결과, 다량의 glucose, mannose 및 galactose와 미량의 xylose 및 fucose를 함유하였으며, glucose, galactose 및 mannose의 몰비는 2.5:2.1:2.5이었다. 반면, 균사체 유래의 산성 다당 분획인 MWS-DA-GI는 다량의 galactose, fucose, mannose 및 glucose와 미량의 xylose를 함유하였다. 또 BWS-DA-GI의 구조를 균사체 유래의 다당 분획인 MWS-DA-GI와 비교하면서 과요오드 산화, Smith분해, affinity chromatography 및 메칠화 분석으로 조사한 결과, 두 시료 모두 ${\beta}-1,3-glucan$이었고, BWS-DA-GI는 1,6분지를 보유하고 있는 반면, MWS-DA-GI는 1,4 및 1,6분지를 함께 보유하는 것으로 추정되었으며, 분자량은 각각 1,200,000 및 1,000,000 dalton이었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.3658-3665
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• 2010

최근 고령화 사회로의 진입 및 장애 인구의 증가로 인해, 인간의 복지를 위한 자동화 시스템에 대한 수요가 늘고 있다. 특히 재활 자동화와 관련한 로봇 시스템은 환자 본인 및 치료 보조자에 대한 수고를 덜어주면서도 기존의 전통적인 재활효과에 상응하는 성과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대되고 있다. 본 연구는 하지 근력이 약화된 사용자들의 신체 자중을 보상해줌과 동시에 정상인과 같은 패턴의 보행 훈련을 수행할 수 있는 모바일형 보행 재활 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 특히, 자중보상 시스템은 신체의 자세 변화 특징을 반영하여, 기구학적인 분석을 통해 구현하였으며 보행 가이드를 위한 제어 알고리즘과 더불어 메인 컨트롤 시스템이 내장된 모바일 플랫폼에 통합 적용되었다. 이러한 모바일 플랫폼은 사용자의 보행 속도의지를 반영하는 UCS(User Command System)와 플랫폼 자체에 내장된 자율주행 알고리즘의 병합되어 운용되도록 고안되었으며, 본 논문에서는 보행 훈련시의 BWS(Body Weight Support)의 효과에 대한 검증에 집중하고자 한다. 이를 위해 인체의 근전도 신호를 측정할 수 있는 EMG(Electromyography) 센서를 활용하여, BWS 및 모바일로봇을 활용한 자중 보상 시의 피험자의 하지 근력 패턴을 측정 및 분석하여, 정상 보행자와의 차이점을 비교함으로서 본 연구의 타당성을 검증하였다.