• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.403-408
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 비육중인 한우 암소 15두를 대조구와 죽초액 $3\%$ 및 $6\%$ 처리구로 나누어 4개월 동안 죽초액을 급여한 후 생산된 등심육을 저장기간 중 물리화학적, 미생물적 및 관능평가의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 명도는 죽초액 $3\%$ 와 $6\%$ 처리구에서 저장 1, 3 및 9일에 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았고, 적색도는 죽초액 $3\%$ 와 $6\%$ 처리구에서 저장 1, 3 및 9일에 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 낮은 반면에, 황색도는 죽초액 $3\%$ 와 $6\%$ 처리구에서 저장 1일과 3일에 유의적으로 (p<0.05) 증가하였다. TBA와 총균수는 죽초액 $3\%$ 와 $6\%$ 처리구에서 저장 1일과 3일에 낮았으며(p<0.05), 가열 감량은 죽초액 $3\%$ 과 $6\%$ 처리구에서 저장 9일과 15일에 낮게(p<0.05) 나타났다. 전단력은 죽초액 $3\%$ 와 $6\%$ 처리구에서 저장 1, 3 및 9일에 유의적으로(p<0.05) 낮게 나타났다. 맛은 죽초액 $3\%$ 와 $6\%$ 처리구에서 저장 1일과 3일에 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높게 나타났다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.119-138
• /
• 2000

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the bee venom(BV) aqua-acupuncture on the neuronal activities of serotonergic(5-HT) system in the brainstem. After the BV aqua-acupuncture was applied on Chok-Samni(ST36) and the gluteal part(Blank locus) in rats, the number of Fos immunoreactive neurons was counted by using computerized image analyzing system. Also, the number of colocalization between 5-HT containing neurons Fos immunoreactive neurons were analyzed by using the double immunohistochemical technique. The results of the experiments were summarized as follows : 1. In almost every neucli, the Chok-Samni group and Blank locus group showed more increase in the number of Fos immunoreactive neurons than the control group. Especially, in Arc, DR, LC, RMg, Gi, PAG Rost and PAG LV, the Chok-Samni group showed more significant increase than the control group. Also, in PAG LV Mid and Arc, Chok-Samni group showed more significant increase than the Blank locus group. 2. In DR and PAG LV Mid, Chok-Samni group and the Blank locus group showed more significant increase in the number of colocalization between 5-HT containing neurons and Fos immunoreactive neurons than the control group after the BV aqua- acupuncture. Also, the Chok-Samni group showed more significant increase than the Blank locus group. Consequently, the BV aqua-acupuncture increased more potent the number of Fos immunoreactive neurons and the activity of serotonergic neurons. Furthermore, the BV aqua-acupuncture was more effective on Chok-Samni than Blank locus group. These results indicate that the BV aqua-acupuncture is very effective therapy to control pain. The therapeutic effect of BV aqua-acupunture may associated with the endogenous modulatory system such as serotonin Those data from the study can be applied to establish the effective treatment of the BV for pain control in the clinical field.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2008

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate if Sweet Bee Venom(SBV) Therapy has the equal effect in comparison with Bee Venom (BV) Therapy on Chronic Lower Back Pain. Methods Clinical studies were conducted to 39 patients who were treated Chronic Lower Back Pain in Dept. of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongeui University from March 1 to June 30, 2008. Subjects were randomly devided into 2 groups : BV treated group(Group A, n=19), SBV treated group(Group B, n=20) In BV treated group(Group A), we treated patients with dry needle acupuncture and BV Therapy. In SBV treated group(Group B), we treated patients with dry needle acupuncture and SBV Therapy. All process of treatment were performed by double blinding method. 1. To estimate the efficacy of venom in controlling pain, we have checked Visual Analog Scale(VAS). 2. For evaluating functional changes of patients, we have checked Oswestry Lower Back Disability Questionnaire(ODI). 3. To estimate Itching which is the most prominent symptom of allergic reaction, we have checked Visual Analog Scale(VAS). Results 1. In controlling pain, the results of BV treated group(Group A) is more effective than that of SBV treated group(Group B). 2. In promoting function, the results of BV treated group (Group A) is more effective than that of SBV treated group(Group B). 3. In controlling itching, the results of SBV treated group(Group B) is more effective than that of BV treated group(Group A). Conclusions According to the study, SBV Therapy shows more effective result than BV Therapy in controlling itching. But BV Therapy is more effective than SBV Therapy in controlling pain and promoting function.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.468-478
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 동충하초 추출물을 PC12 및 BV2 세포에서 인지능력 개선에 대한 효능을 평가하고자 하였다. 동충하초 추출물을 증류수로 추출하여 PC12 및 BV2 세포로 MTT 분석을 통해 세포 생존율을 확인하고 L-glutamate로 유도한 PC12 세포를 통해 세포 보호 효능과 아세틸콜린 함량 및 아세틸콜린에스테아제 활성을 평가하였다. 또한, LPS로 유도한 BV2 세포를 통해 nitric oxide (NO) 및 prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) 생성량 등의 항염증 효능을 측정하고 western blot 분석을 통해 $NK-{\kappa}B$, p38, JNK, caspase-3 등의 단백질 발현량을 확인하였다. 동충하초 추출물은 $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 농도를 제외하고 1, 10, $100({\mu}g/m{\ell})$ 농도에서 세포 독성이 나타나지 않았다. L-glutamate로 유도한 PC12 세포에서 유의성있게 세포 보호 효능과 아세틸콜린 함량의 증가, 아세틸콜린에스테아제 활성 감소가 나타났다. 또한, 동충하초 추출물은 NO 및 PGE2 생성량과 $NK-{\kappa}B$, p38, JNK, caspase-3 등의 단백질 발현을 억제하였다. 이와 같은 결과는 동충하초 추출물이 인지능력에 대한 예방 및 개선 효능이 있음을 나타낸다. 따라서 동충하초 추출물은 인지능력 개선을 위한 새로운 천연 소재로 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2007

Objectives : In the present study, we investigated anti-inflammatory effects of chloroform fraction of Coptidis rhizoma (CR-C) on the production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1${\beta}$) in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Methods : Copriditis rhizoma was extracted with 80% methanol, and then extracted with chloroform. BV2 cells were pre-treated with CR-C, and stimulated with LPS. The cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. The production of NO and cytokines was measured by Griess assay and ELISA. The mRNA expression of inducible nirtic oxide synthase (iNOS) and cytokines were determined by RT-PCR. Results : CR-C significantly inhibited the production of NO. TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-1${\beta}$ in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. In addition, CR-C suppressed the mRNA expressions of iNOS and inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS stimulation. These results indicate that CR-C was involved in anti-inflammatory effects in activated microglia. Conclusion : The present study suggests that chloroform extract of Coptidis rhizoma can be useful as a potential anti-inflammatory agent for treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2011

Objectives : This study was carried out to compare the Sweet Bee Venom (referred to as Sweet BV hereafter) acupuncture parallel treatment to treatment with acupuncture only for the patient diagnosed with lumbar spine sprain and find a better treatment. Methods : The subjects were patients diagnosed with lumbar spine sprain and hospitalized at Suncheon oriental medical hospital, which was randomly divided into sweet BV parallel treatment group and acupuncture-only group, and other treatment conditions were maintained the same. Then, VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) was used to compare the difference in the treatment period between the two groups from VAS 10 to VAS 0, from VAS 10 to VAS 5, and from VAS 5 to VAS 0. Result & Conclusion : Sweet BV parallel treatment group and acupuncture-only treatment group were compared regarding the respective treatment period, and as the result, the treatment period from VAS 10 to VAS 5 was significantly reduced in sweet BV parallel treatment group compared to the acupuncture-only treatment group, but the treatment period from VAS 5 to VAS 0 did not show a significant difference. Therefore, it can be said that sweet BV parallel treatment is effective in shortening the treatment period and controlling early pain compared to acupuncture-only treatment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.214-219
• /
• 2005

Chunghyuldan (Qingxuedan in Chinese) (CHD) has been used for patients with atherosclerosis and brain ischemia in Korea. To evaluate antiischemic activity of CHD, its antiinflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV-2 cells was investigated. CHD potently inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced BV-2 cells with an $IC_{50}$ value of 4.8${\mu}g/ml$. CHD did not only inhibit mRNA and protein expression levels of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in LPS-induced BV-2 cells, but also repressed mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-l$\beta$ and TNF-$\alpha$. CHD also downregulated the activation of NF-kB and AP-l transcription factors induced by LPS. These results suggest that CHD may improve inflammatory brain ischemia by the downregulation the activation of NF-kB and AP-l transcription factors.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2012

Desirability approaches have been proposed to find an optimum of multiple response problem. The existing desirability approaches use either of mean or min of individual desirability in aggregation of multiple responses. However, in order to find an optimum having high mean and low dispersion among individual desirability, the dispersion needs to be simultaneously considered with its mean. This study proposes bias and variance (BV) method which aggregates bias (ideal target-mean) and variance of individual desirability in multiple response optimization. The proposed BV method was applied to an example to evaluate its usefulness by comparing with existing methods. Evaluation results showed that the solution of BV method was a fairly good compared with DS (Derringer and Suich, 1980) and KL (Kim and Lin, 2000) methods. The BV method can be utilized to multiple response surface problems when decision makers want to find an optimum having high mean and low variance among responses.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권12호
• /
• pp.1990-1996
• /
• 2008

Astaxanthin has shown antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities; however, its molecular action and mechanism in the nervous system have yet to be elucidated. We examined the in vitro effects of astaxanthin on the production of nitric oxide (NO), as well as the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Astaxanthin inhibited the expression or formation of nitric oxide (NO), iNOS and COX-2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Astaxanthin also suppressed the protein levels of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. These results suggest that astaxanthin, probably due to its antioxidant activity, inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators by blocking iNOS and COX-2 activation or by the suppression of iNOS and COX-2 degradation.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2018

Six compounds, eupatilin (1), dammaradienyl acetate (2), glutinol acetate (3), $3{\beta}-acetoxyoleanan-12-one$ (4), taraxasterol (5) and quercetin-3,4'-dimethyl ether (6) were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia absinthium. The chemical structures of compounds 1-6 were determined by the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic methods such as 1D and 2D NMR. Among them, compounds 2-5 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The inhibitory effects of these isolated compounds against nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells or BV2 microglia were also examined. Among the tested compounds, compound 1, eupatilin, inhibited the production of NO in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and BV2 microglia, respectively.