• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.132-141
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• 2007

According to the public information of the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development, the construction project of educational facilities from 2005 to 2007 will use BTL (Build-Transfer-Lease) contract. Budget of those projects will be the worth over 13 trillion won. In this research, the estimation standards for the public health maintenance expenses are established which is the part of the operation and maintenance cost in the total BTL project cost. Also, a system core module using the developed standard was introduced in this paper. A comparative analyses were conducted with the several possible estimation case to validate the system developed.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.119-129
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• 2007

In January 2005, the BTL private investment project was introduced in the Korean construction market as part of the plan to provide high-quality public service and expand the required facilities in a timely manner. Nonetheless, problems such as the low earning rate at the beginning of the business, burden of service compared to the cost of the proposed business, and limitations of the local small and medium-sized companies in relation to their participation in the project arose. The LCC analysis system for the BTL projects was developed as part of efforts toward efficiently investigating the investment eligibility. Specifically, methods for LCC analysis were selected for each stage of the BTL project in relation to the requests of experts for military residential facilities and public educational facilities. Variables were then extracted to derive an accurate analysis value, LCC for the 5 cost items (initial investment cost, operating expenses, maintenance expenses, energy cost, and disposal cost), analyzed, and system enabling comparative analysis for single and multiple initiatives by year and item, developed. Thus, we have to clearly require the accumulation of data to examine the appropriateness of the results of LCC analysis based on data and results.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.73-80
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• 2007

As BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease) private investment business benchmarking PHI(Private Finance Initiative) of USA and Japan is introduces to Korea since 2005, as a part of supplying high leveled public service and early expanding required facilities for SOC, Value for Money on private investment business from treasury investment business at the beginning gets to be needed. Accordingly, this survey has been conducted in order to analyse BTL projects status, propriety of economic analysis method(VFM analysis, calculation of estimated business expenses, valuation of bidding price, etc.) by business advance phases from the viewpoint of person in charge, necessity of improvement and alternative plants. As the result of conducting cross tabulation analysis and correlation analysis by occupational group, BTL project advance phases and alternative plans for improvement, it is necessary ye prepare standardized service level against business expense and basis for calculating and evaluation operation expenses. Based on the necessity of quantitative analysis (LCC analysis) of VFM, standard for calculating management, maintenance and administration expenses is required. In addition, reliable economic valuation system considering domestic BTL environment should be setup, for business efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.610-614
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• 2008

In 2005, the revision of the Private Investment Law made the private investment objectives to extend a new area, such as institute and well-fare, military facilities by BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease). This revison will cause budget extension from 1.3 trillion to 1.6 trillion in military facilities BTL project Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the general problem of BTL and its cases. And then to be successful project, the problems must be improved. This study was focused on the improvement of regulations and analyzed the general problem from previous studies and the military projects. And then it conducted survey to soldiers for severity and performance. Finally it suggested the improvement of regulations of military facilities in BTL scheme from FGI.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.53-63
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• 2012

Korean Public-Private Partnership, mainly implemented using BTO (Build-Transfer-Operate) and BTL (Build-Transfer-Lease) methods, has contributed in increasing benefits of the people by providing the needed public services in a timely and efficient manner. It has also induced flexible national fiscal management. However, in addition to the repeal of the Minimum Revenue Guarantee (MRG) program in 2009, changes in business environment including recent financial crisis aggravated financial situation in pursing PPPs, resulting in significant contraction of BTO projects. Therefore, the new methods are to be suggested and applied to overcome this situation. This paper seeks to find ways to apply "Mixed Model," characterized as the compound of BTO and BTL, two different implementation methods of PPPs, as an enhanced burden-sharing mechanism.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.35-62
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• 2011

PFI(Private Finance Initiative) for suppling SOC and public facilities instead of Government Infrastructure Project introduced from 1994. BTO(Build-Transfer-Operate) project had been major type of PFI system from 1994 to 2005. But after changed the Law of PFI on SOC, the BTL project newly introduced. In BTO system, the Government retrieves the investment through the operating income, but in BTL system, the government lease the facilities. As the BTO and BTL projects are widely adopted and implemented to ease the fiscal burden of government, but it has caused the tremendous fiscal burden each year over the period operation. Therefore this study attempted to analyze the question, that is, why government fiscal burden tipping? Hence, this paper, compares the difference of business structure between BTO and BTL project and explore the vicious and virtuous business structure, with the method of circular causal loop analysis. As a result, it has shown that there are some positive feedback and negative feedback loops cause the tipping and easing of government fiscal burden.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.686-691
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• 2006

Beginning January 2005, the BTL (Build-Transfer-Lease) project was initiated by government to provide high level of public services for the upgraded quality of life. The most important process of the BTL project is operation, because the company have to operate the building about $20{\sim}30$ years after completion. But a lot of problems have been founded so far. For example, no counterplan for the risk in operation, no total control system and the vagueness in project guideline and so on. These problems will cause serious demage to the BTL project. Hence, this paper analyzes the above issues and conducts the interviews with the professionals from the diverse sectors in order to propose the improvement and deliver the successful operation in BTL project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.475-480
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• 2008

In BTL project, the operation cost covering upcoming 20 years is usually alloted more than construction cost although its plan is made in short time. Therefore, it is a key issue to forecast and to analyze operation risks in the process of making contract in order to successfully finish the BTL project and to ensure the profitability of business. However, only a few domestic professional management companies are capable to carry out funding and facility management. To manage the potential risks efficiently in BLT project, it's essential to prioritize the risk factors by means of considering economical risk level, non-economical risk level and occurrence frequency. Thus, this study suggests risk analysis model for improving efficiency of BTL project from operation company's perspective by means of survey. The suggested risk analysis model is expected to establish a risk management strategy which can improve the efficiency of management affairs in BTL project.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.40-49
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• 2011

A number of BTL projects for educational facilities have been augmented because of the increase of newtown development and deflationary policy of class size for learning efficiency. As the operation and maintenance costs rapidly increase, the budget for operation and maintenance is expected to be short. Therefore the asset management maximizing asset value is required to clarify the budget plan and distribution and provide a qualitatively high service. The main objective of this research is to establish asset valuation process in educational facilities delivered by BTL project. In order to meet the research objective, the asset valuation process is established by literature reviews, expert advice, and lessons learned from the developed countries. The developed process includes depreciation by internal accounting law, the core element of valuation, and asset valuation process. The results of the research will be help to offer the qualitatively high service and explain the standard of budget plan. It will assist commencing the asset management system.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.116-124
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• 2007

It is Increasing that requirements of social infrastructure which includes educational, welfare, cultural facilities for public. Government introduced BTI(Build-Transfer-Lease) as a PFI(Private Financial Initiative) system. This research is about BTL projects in small public educational facilities. Some problems when BTL system is applied to small public educational facilities are identified, and the reason of those problems are examined. This research proposes alternatives in a institutional way and it proposes improvements in contractual structure of consortium when BTL system is applied. Based on reasonable system, it promotes creativeness and effectiveness of a project, and it makes local minor construction companies participate in BTL project without difficulties as mentioned.