• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 2014

In architecture projects, BIM library has widely been using for prefabrication of products and design process. However, since the shape of structures is different by each project in civil engineering projects and a shape representation system is complicated, it is not easy to develop a standardized BIM library. To solve these issues, this study develops BIM library based on standardized 2D shop drawings for civil structures. The standardized shop drawings, which are the targets of the BIM library model, should be first selected. Besides, in order to define modeling scope with the level of general and shop drawings for each structure, LOD(Level of Detail) and breakdown structure are determined, and development methods of families of 3D object type including 2D profile and rebar through commercial software are established. With these, properties of BIM library are configured, and a utilization model of the BIM libraries is constructed for 3D modeling and a simulation using the BIM library. Therefore, this study can identify properties that are necessary when IFC schema is configured for civil engineering projects. For future, it is expected that easiness of BIM design for the civil engineering projects and generation, management, and analysis system of BIM library for road projects will be secured.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.169-172
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• 2013

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an effective decision-making platform that helps to save project cost and enhance quality of construction. By generating and linking a wide variety of objects data, BIM can be effectively utilized, and it should be ensured that object properties maintain consistency throughout the project period of design, estimates, construction, maintenance and repair. This study examined how to utilize BIM data in a construction project, by linking cost and schedule data in web environment, to better utilize the information and maintain consistency of the BIM information. To do so, the model integrated WBS data and CBS data, linked them with BIM model to realize 5D simulation in web environment. As a result, cost and schedule data could be simultaneously acquired, and object properties-cost, schedule, location-as well. These are expected to contribute to developing a BIM-based automatic data-processing system in web environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.11-23
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• 2019

This paper designs and proposes a file conversion process to IFC file, the international standard file format for BIM, in order to ensure mutual compatability and manageability among users of commercial BIM modeling and design softwares in the civil engineering area. The proposed process insert additional properties consisting of the properties of quantity calculation codes and properties of CBS/OBS/WBS standard classification scheme, to the three dimensional object shape information of the converted IFC files, using add-in converters for commercial BIM modeling softwares. In addition, a process of integrated use of IFC files for open web-based quantity, process(4D), and construction cost(5D) management is additionally designed and implemented. Based on these works, the ultimate goal of this study is to propose a novel process for integrated use of open web-based quantity, process(4D), and construction cost(5D), from the design stage of BIM modeling to the final construction stage in the civil engineering area.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2016

The utilization of Building Information Modeling (BIM) has increased in order to enhance the integration of information for management and resources throughout the construction projects. Therefore, various BIM softwares have been used under open BIM environments in the building and plant construction industry. However, it has obstructive factors due to the lack of interoperability. In order to address this problem, this study conducted an interoperability analysis of BIM software focused on user-defined properties for enhanced function and efficiency. Result of the analysis shows that authoring tools have more interoperability problems than viewer tools and simulation tools have. In terms of interoperability, user-defined properties outperforms than those of system basic properties and logic data. Therefore, it was found that functional improvement and workload minimization in BIM can be attained by applying the GBS (an user-defined property for automatic manipulation of BIM proposed by Jung et al. 2013) that enables automatic link between geometric data and non-geometric data. In this respect, this study concludes that the application of user-defined property (e.g. GBS) can be an effective method for information integration throughout construction projects.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.155-177
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• 2019

Operation and Maintenance (O&M) phase is the main contributor to the total lifecycle cost of a building. Previous studies have described that Building Information Models (BIM), if available with detailed asset information and their properties, can enable rapid troubleshooting and execution of O&M tasks by providing the required information of the facility. Despite the potential benefits, there is still rarely BIM with Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) assets and properties that are available for O&M. BIM is usually not in possession for existing buildings and generating BIM manually is a time-consuming process. Hence, there is a need for an automated approach that can reconstruct the MEP systems in BIM. Previous studies investigated automatic reconstruction of BIM using architectural drawings, structural drawings, or the combination with photos. But most of the previous studies are limited to reconstruct the architectural and structural components. Note that mechanical components in the building typically require more frequent maintenance than architectural or structural components. However, the building mechanical drawings are relatively more complex due to various type of symbols that are used to represent the mechanical systems. In order to address this challenge, this paper proposed a symbol recognition framework that can automatically recognize the different type of symbols in the building mechanical drawings. This study applied vector-based computer vision techniques to recognize the symbols and their properties (e.g., location, type, etc.) in two vector-based input documents: 2D drawings and the symbol description document. The framework not only enables recognizing and locating the mechanical component of interest for BIM reconstruction purpose but opens the possibility of merging the updated information into the current BIM in the future reducing the time of repeated manual creation of BIM after every renovation project.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.13-23
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• 2014

After being introduced, Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been actively applied to the cost estimation of construction projects, and various studies on BIM based quantity take-off have been carried out. In practice, however, these calculations take considerable time, because BIM based quantity take-off is further conducted along with 2D-based quantity take-off. Studies on the quantity take-off using BIM spatial objects have been carried out on early stages of projects, but how this method differs from the existing quantity take-off method and how accurate it is in comparison have rarely been verified. Therefore, by comparing 2D based quantities with quantities through BIM spatial objects, this study analyzed the accuracy of quantity take-off using BIM spatial objects. To this end, the properties of BIM spatial objects and quantity calculable spatial types were analyzed, and existing 2D-based quantities and quantities extracted from BIM spatial objects were compared through a case study. As a result, the quantity of spatial objects found to be more by about 7.13% in 0.05% and therefore, this difference should be considered during quantity take-off using BIM spatial objects. Through the results of this study, we can improve the accuracy of quantity take-off using BIM spatial objects in the early stage of a construction project.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

In BIM environments for infrastructures, civil structures such as road, bridge and tunnel etc., created into 3D objects, integrated with their properties, securing BIM design productivity is very critical during 3D modeling. To solve this issue, configuring BIM libraries so that the users can utilize prefabricating in advance 3D objects that have been applying repeatedly during BIM design is essential so much. Current BIM libraries have made focused on Ready-Made for architectural facilities. However, establishing environment for delivering BIM library for civil facilities is very sparse. Accordingly, this study developed a web-based sharing system for delivering BIM library contents based on standardized drawing for civil area. To do this, we have analyzed core features and operation system of BIM library sharing system in domestic and overseas. Besides, functional requirements that are necessary for developing BIM library sharing system was derived, and through operation scenario configuration, the web-based system was developed according to the detailed mechanism. It is expected that this system can enhance BIM design productivity during library based modeling, and can be utilized as construction supporting tools that can help construction managers to make a design change.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2016

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been adopted in variety domain of construction industry. In this circumstances, interest of BIM model quality has been increased. In many countries, automated building code checking system by Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) has been developed and studied to use web based building permission systems. IFC is international standard of BIM format. However, the data structure of IFC does not include all of objects and properties about national building codes. In this paper, we developed the information specification between IFC data structure and national building code to increase interoperability. First, we drew the criteria from literature review to analyze the building code. And then, we analyzed building code and sorted objects and properties for automated building code checking. After that we made mapping table between the sorted data and IFC specification. Using the mapping table, we developed pre-specification about building codes information that does not exist in IFC specification. And the defined information can be used to develop the BIM modeling guide and national building permission system. The pre-specification support increasing the interoperability between user and automated building code checking system. Increasing thee interoperability makes improvement accuracy and reliability about result of automated building code checking.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.16-22
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• 2015

This paper presents an automated computer vision-based system to update BIM data by leveraging multi-modal visual data collected from existing buildings under inspection. Currently, visual inspections are conducted for building envelopes or mechanical systems, and auditors analyze energy-related contextual information to examine if their performance is maintained as expected by the design. By translating 3D surface thermal profiles into energy performance metrics such as actual R-values at point-level and by mapping such properties to the associated BIM elements using XML Document Object Model (DOM), the proposed method shortens the energy performance modeling gap between the architectural information in the as-designed BIM and the as-is building condition, which improve the reliability of building energy analysis. Several case studies were conducted to experimentally evaluate their impact on BIM-based energy analysis to calculate energy load. The experimental results on existing buildings show that (1) the point-level thermography-based thermal resistance measurement can be automatically matched with the associated BIM elements; and (2) their corresponding thermal properties are automatically updated in gbXML schema. This paper provides practitioners with insight to uncover the fundamentals of how multi-modal visual data can be used to improve the accuracy of building energy modeling for retrofit analysis. Open research challenges and lessons learned from real-world case studies are discussed in detail.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.532-536
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• 2015

This paper presents an automated computer vision-based system to update BIM data by leveraging multi-modal visual data collected from existing buildings under inspection. Currently, visual inspections are conducted for building envelopes or mechanical systems, and auditors analyze energy-related contextual information to examine if their performance is maintained as expected by the design. By translating 3D surface thermal profiles into energy performance metrics such as actual R-values at point-level and by mapping such properties to the associated BIM elements using XML Document Object Model (DOM), the proposed method shortens the energy performance modeling gap between the architectural information in the as-designed BIM and the as-is building condition, which improve the reliability of building energy analysis. The experimental results on existing buildings show that (1) the point-level thermography-based thermal resistance measurement can be automatically matched with the associated BIM elements; and (2) their corresponding thermal properties are automatically updated in gbXML schema. This paper provides practitioners with insight to uncover the fundamentals of how multi-modal visual data can be used to improve the accuracy of building energy modeling for retrofit analysis. Open research challenges and lessons learned from real-world case studies are discussed in detail.