• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.145-160
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• 2005

On the subjects of the female adults in their 20s who love to wear jeans, the wearing reality of basic jean pants and engineered jean pants was examined while pattern comparison and the evaluation of appearance and functions were made to reach the following conclusions: 1. Wearing reality of engineered jean pants Among the examined subjects, 74.8% were found out to favor engineered jean pants. Those who have engineered jean pants turned out to pursue well-known brands more than practicality. 2. Pattern comparison analysis of basic jean pants and engineered jean pants Though similar sizes existed in pants tips and belt width, engineered jean pants showed bigger values in waist circumference, crotch circumference, hip circumference, knee circumference, thigh circumference and so on. There were no big differences in the front part except for the items like crotch circumference and crotch length, but engineered jean pants had bigger sizes in the rear part. Engineered jeans in the rear contained the outward curved silhouette of the legs, curved tips, and a dart design instead of a back yoke. 3. Evaluation of appearance and functions In the scores of appearance, basic jean pants were higher at 3.65 in the order of front > side > back. On the contrary, engineered jean pants were excellent in the order of side > back > front. In the items of functions, engineered jean pants were higher at 4.23 in the order of hips > thighs> waist > abdomen > knee > crotch. On the other hand, basic jean pants showed the order of knee > crotch & thighs > abdomen > hips > waist. In every movement, engineered jean pants revealed higher functionality. In particular, the bigger physical movement led to the greater functional differences between the two kinds of jean pants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.722-740
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• 2017

This study was conducted to offer basic data that can be used in a clothing industry for active senior males that are emerging as a new consumer bracket in a rapid aging age. To this end, this study conducted an analysis of 'younger' older male body types based on data from the 6th Size Korea. As a result of the body type analysis of 'younger' older males who are considered active seniors in comparison to 'middle' aged males, the former's height items became shorter compared to 'middle' aged males, but circumference items were bigger. Males aged 35-69, who are 'middle' aged males and 'younger' old males were divided into three body types in this study: Type1- small body type with protruded belly, compared to weight. Type 2- body type of slim torso with wide shoulder-back widths. Type3- big body type overall with tall height and heavy weight. According to body type distribution by age group, the middle-aged males had Type2 body type the most. The younger-old males showed type1 the most. There is a need to reflect the body types of active senior male characteristics in apparel pattern design because the current fits are not appropriate if active senior males wear clothing targeted for males aged 30-50.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

For successful operation of waterflooding which is one of secondary recovery methods, suitable water injection allocation is important to increase oil recovery. Well allocation factor(WAF) which is one way to quantify the injector and producer connectivity, is utilized to allocate water injection of waterflooding. Static WAF cannot represent the field condition and can induce incorrect value. To compensate for limitation of static WAF, modified WAF which includes several parameters that affect patterns including well radius, distance between wells, and injection rates is proposed. In this study, static and modified WAFs were applied to injection optimization of waterflooding and results by each WAF were compared. In case of modified WAFs, produced water were less and produced oil were more than case of static WAF especially in big change of distance between producer and injector. Therefore, modified WAFs can allocate water injection more efficiently than static WAF.

• School Mathematics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.275-296
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• 2012

This study investigated elementary school students' understanding of basic functional relationships. It analyzed the written responses from a total of 2087 students of second, fourth, and sixth graders using tests that examined their understanding of five types of functional relationships. The results of this study showed that students tended to be more successful as their grades went up with regard to all the problem types. There were statistically differences among the three grade levels. Even lower graders were quite successful in dealing with additive relation, direct proportion, and inverse proportion. However the items dealing with square relation and linear relation were difficult even to sixth graders. It was common that students were good at completing the table by looking for a pattern from the given numbers but that they had difficulties in anticipating the value of 'y' when the value of 'x' is given either as a big number or as a symbol. Given these results, this paper includes issues and implications on how to foster functional thinking ability at the elementary school.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.459-470
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• 2010

In this study, we analyzed fish tolerance guilds in mainstems and tributaries of 65 streams and rivers arid their relations to water quality using dataset sampled from April to November, 2009. For the study, water quality parameters including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), electric conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3$-N), nitrate nitrogen ($NO_3$-N) and phosphate phosphorus ($PO_4$-P) were analyzed in the laboratory and also tolerance ranges in 3 category fishes of sensitive, intermediate, and tolerant species with high abundance were analyzed. According to fish guild analysis, tolerant species was 58% of the total community and the proportion of omnivore species was 63% of the total, indicating a degradation of habitats and water quality. Water quality was shown typical longitudinal gradients from the headwater to the down-river; TN and TP increased toward the down-rivers except for the big point-source area and ionic contents, based on, electric conductivity showed same pattern. Tolerance guild analysis of 9 major species with high abundance indicated that sensitive groups had narrower tolerance range in the water quality than the groups of intermediate and tolerant species. In contrast, tolerant groups including Zacco platypus, Carassius auratus, and Opsarichthys uncirostris amurensis had wider tolerance ranges than the groups of sensitive and intermediate species. Thus, each group was evidently segregated from the tolerance levels. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) employed for the relations of water quality to fish species in each groups suggests that water quality had highest eigenvalues with fish species in the 1st axis of the PCA and nitrogen (TN, $NH_3$-N, $NO_3$-N) and phosphorus (TP) were key components differentiating three groups of sensitive, intermediate and tolerance guilds.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.220-228
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• 2010

A steel wire-integrated deck plate that welds integrated triangle truss steel wires on a galvanized steel sheet is developed to reduce construction costs of a slab or formwork such as shores and supports, and it is already widely applied in many construction fields. This study selected upper and lower steel wires, lattice steel wires, span, and cutting methods of ends as variables, and conducted an experimental test by manufacturing a total of 32 full scale test bodies. According to the result, changes in final destruction types of the test bodies and cutting methods of ends didn't affect structural performance of test bodies, and for a 3.2m-span test body, there was no big problems in using ${\Phi}4.5$ of lattice steel wires.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2010

Recently, evacuation safety of building resident become the major concern, as the building has been higher and more complicated. Many high-rise multi use buildings are under construction in Korea. Required evacuation time using stairway is longer in high-rise buildings, moreover it is impossible for the disabled to evacuate by using stairway. For this reason the study on the effectiveness of using elevator for evacuation is progressing. This study shows the pressure change in various types of hoistway when elevator is moving. Experiments were performed in 4 different types of hoistway, and showed big difference in pressure change between the type of hoistway. The pressure change in single hoistway that have one car is bigger than that in multi hoistway that have multi cars. The results of this study can be used for the study of elevator piston effect as basic data.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.5-14
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• 2013

This study is aimed at comparing and analyzing the response of playfulness level by personality type of players, according to the observations and results of behavior shown in SNG (Social Network Game) players during their play, in particular based on social behavior of SNG players. For this, the behavior of SNG players is classified into SC (Social Connectedness) and NC (Non-Social Connectedness) by space where they play games and the relations between behavior of each SNG player and their playfulness are confirmed by empirical experiment based on big-five personality traits possible standards of disposition expected from players. The results are presented that the playfulness for behavior of SNG players has distinct features by personality types and there is a significant difference between personality types for SC behavior. It could be useful for determining the proportion of playing behavior for Social Connect, generally known as one of main sources SNG provides when designing SNG play and considering personality types of players.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2003

The 5 year follow up study was conducted to assess the positive seroprevalence of HbsAg and magnitude of new cases in a steel manufacturing big scale workpalce. About 2,000 serum samples collected from 1998 to 2002 for hepatititis B surface antigen(HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg(anti-HBs), sAST, sALT, r-GTP, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were tested. The commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized in serologic test of hepatititis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and antibody to HBsAg(anti-HBs). The preceived seroprevalence rates in the study were ranged 6.3~6.9%. The seroprevalences of HbsAg were 4.3~4.9% among the age of thirties, a significantly decreased seroprevalence compared with those among other age groups(in forties, 7.1~8.2%, and in fifties 7.1~7.6%). The positive seroprevalence of anti-HBs were 71.0~77.9%. A new case was not detected in the group.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.27-36
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a method to derive valuable but hidden infromation from the data which is the core foundation in the 4th Industrial Revolution to pursue knowledge-based service fusion. The hyper-connected societies characterized by IoT inevitably produce big data, and with the data in order to derive optimal services for trouble situations it is first processed by discovering valuable information. A data-centric IoT platform is a platform to collect, store, manage, and integrate the data from variable devices, which is actually a type of middleware platforms. Its purpose is to provide suitable solutions for challenged problems after processing and analyzing the data, that depends on efficient and accurate algorithms performing the work of data analysis. To this end, we propose specially designed structures to store IoT data without losing the semantics and provide algorithms to discover the useful information with several definitions and proofs to show the soundness.