• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 1988

$\beta$-Glucan 분해효소의 간편하며 예민한 활성도 측정방법으로 $\beta$-glucan에 색소와 cross linking agent를 접합시키는 변형기질 제조시 영향을 미치는 조건을 조사하고 맥아와 세균의 $\beta$-glucan분해효소 측정에 적응시켜 활성도를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1.0g $\beta$-glucan은 0.1N NaOH용액에서 색소 cibacron blue 3 G-A 1.5g과 cross linking agent인 1,4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether 1.25 $m\ell$을 90분간 끓여서 색소 접합기질로 제조하였을 때 $\beta$-glucanase 활성도 측정에 최적조건이었다. 변형기질은 pH5.3 에서 안정성을 보였으며 Bacillus subtilis K-4-3에서 추출한 효소액에 변형기질을 반응시켰을 때 간편하고 정확한 효소활성 측정이 가능하였다. 또한 색소방법을 DNS방법과 비교한 결과 색소방법이 $\beta$-glucan 분해효소 측정에 적당한 방법이었음이 입증되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권6호통권90호
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• pp.950-958
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of pound cake made of flour substituted with $\beta$-glucan (3, 6 and $9\%$), which is a functional fuod material produced from Agrobacterium Spp. R259 KCTC 10197BP. A rapid decrease of moisture content during storage at $20^{\circ}C$, $70\%$ relative humidity, was observed in the control while the moisture content in 3 and $6\%$ $\beta$-glucan added pound cake was not decreased until the 12th day of storage. During storage, the hardness of the control cake was increased whereas that of $\beta$-glucan $6\%$ and $9\%$ added pound cake was not changed until the 6th day of storage. The addition of $\beta$-glucan was therefore conflmed to delay the staling of cake. During storage, the Hunter color L ud b values of the crust and crumb colors of the $\beta$-glucan added pound cake were not significantly different from those of the control, although the a value did increase with longer storage. The sensory results showed that the scores of over-all acceptability of the 3 and $6\%$ $\beta$-glucan added pound cake at the 6th day of storage days were higher than that of the control. These study results confirmed that the addition of $\beta$-glucan to pound cake maintained the moisture content and delayed hardness during storage.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권8호
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• pp.506-510
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• 2009

The Toll signalling pathway in invertebrates is responsible for defense against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, leading to the expression of antimicrobial peptides via NF-$\kappa$B-like transcription factors. Gram-negative binding protein 3 (GNBP3) detects beta-1,3-glucan, a fungal cell wall component, and activates a three step serine protease cascade for activation of the Toll signalling pathway. Here, we showed that the recombinant N-terminal domain of Tenebrio molitor GNBP3 bound to beta-1,3-glucan, but did not activate down-stream serine protease cascade in vitro. Reversely, the N-terminal domain blocked GNBP3-mediated serine protease cascade activation in vitro and also inhibited beta-1,3-glucan-mediated antimicrobial peptide induction in Tenebrio molitor larvae. These results suggest that the N-terminal GNBP homology domain of GNBP3 functions as a beta-1,3-glucan binding domain and the C-terminal domain of GNBP3 may be required for the recruitment of immediate down-stream serine protease zymogen during Toll signalling pathway activation.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.161-176
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• 2018

진균류 유래의 ${\beta}$-glucan은 pathogen-associated molecular patterns의 일종이기도 하며 면역촉진과 항암작용을 나타냄이 알려져 있지만 세포 내 신호전달에 관해서는 알려진 바가 많지 않다. 대식세포주인 RAW264.7 세포에 불로초에서 추출한 ${\beta}$-glucan을 처리하였을 때 세포막에서는 덱틴-1, toll-like receptor 2, 4, 6의 발현이 증가되었으며, 세포 내에서는 macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1a, MIP-$1{\beta}$, MIP-$1{\gamma}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ 그리고 tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$의 발현이 증가되었다. 또한 대식세포주에 불로초의 ${\beta}$-glucan과 PI3K 또는 MEK1/MEK2 억제제를 각각 처리하였을 때에 세포 내의 MIP-1a, MIP-$1{\beta}$, MIP-$1{\gamma}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$의 발현이 감소되었다. 따라서 불로초의 ${\beta}$-glucan은 대식세포에서 MyD88의 경로인 PI3K/Akt를 경유할 뿐만 아니라 MEK 경로를 활성화시킴으로써 다양한 면역조절작용이 가능한 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2002년도 생물공학의 동향 (X)
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• pp.188-191
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• 2002

A glucan and a fructan producing enzymes from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1149 were prepared and concentrated from the cu1ture of 1.5% sucrose using polysulfone ultrafiltration hollow fiber in the presence of 0.1% (w/v) Tween 80, 1 mM $CaCl_2$, and 0.02% $NaN_3$. The molecular masses of the enzymes were estimated to be about 213.6 kDa and 180 kDa, respectively, based on the PAS staining for the glucosyltransferase and Mukasa method for fructosyltransferase. Polymers produced by the enzymes showed different solubility; an insoluble glucan and a soluble fructan. The linkages of polymers were determined by methylation using Hakomori reagent and following acid hydrolysis. The glucan was composed of ${\alpha}$-1,6 and 1,3 linkages and the fructan showed similar linkage data of levan.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.603-610
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• 1990

쌀가루로부터 추출한 냉수가용 ${\alpha}-D-glucan$의 blue value는 $0.026{\sim}0.030$, 극대흡수파장은 $518{\sim}522nm$, ${\beta}-amyolysis\;limit$는 $52.7{\sim}59.6%$ 정도의 범위를 나타내어 이들 물질은 아밀로펙틴에 유사한 성질을 지니고 있었으며, 또한 이들 ${\alpha}-D-glucan$에 가지절단효소인 pullulanase를 처리한 후 분해물의 쇄장분포를 조사한 결과 이들 ${\alpha}-D-glucan$은 쌀아밀로펙틴의 unit chain 분포와 유사하였고, 또한 이들 분해물에 대해 중합도 30 이하의 쇄장분포는 쌀가루 냉수추출 ${\alpha}-D-glucan$ 중 blade mill의 것만이 아밀로펙틴과 유사한 쇄장분포를 나타내었고 중합도 10 이하의 구성비에 있어서는 냉수추출 ${\alpha}-D-glucan$의 것이 아밀로펙틴보다 높았다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.108.3-109
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• 2003

In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effects of Ginsenoside Rh2 and $\beta$-glucan using an experimental metastatic mouse model intravenously injected with B 16 melanoma F10 cells. Oral administration to various concentration of $\beta$-glucan (50mg/kg, l00mg/kg and 200mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced the lung-metastatic potential of metastatic BI6 melanoma F10 cells in syngenic mice. At same dose, Ginsenoside Rh2(50mg/kg) has more antitumor effect than $\beta$-glucan(50mg/kg). (omitted)

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1158-1167
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 LP-BM5 murine AIDS virus에 감염된 면역 결핍동물 모델을 이용하여 실험기간 10주 동안 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan, 유산균 및 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan+유산균의 식이가 면역활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과 LP-BM5 murine AIDS virus에 감염으로 면역능이 떨어진 T세포 증식능은 홍삼대조군과 비교하여도 유의적으로 감소된 T 세포증식능을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났고, B 세포 증식능은 감염 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 증가된 B 세포 증식능을 감소되었다. cytokine 생성능에서는 Th1 type cytokine중에서 IL-2, IL-12, IL-15는 감염대조군에 비하여 분비량을 증가시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, IFN-${\gamma}$는 유산균과 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan을 각각 처리군이 혼합처리군보다 증식능이 증가하였다. TNF-${\alpha}$는 감염대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. Th2 cytokine 들의 분비량 측정에서 IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 측정 결과 감염대조군에서 유의적으로 억제되어 Th1/Th2 type cytokine 발현을 조절하여 면역항상성을 유지하는 것으로 보였다. 면역글로블린 분비량측정에서 IgE, IgA, IgG 모두 감염대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 이로서LP-BM5 murine AIDS virus에 감염된 면역 결핍동물 모델에 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan+유산균군을 혼합처리로 면역조절의 효능이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.233-237
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• 2010

This study evaluated the change in whitening activity of ${\beta}-glucan$ by gamma-irradiation. Tyrosinase inhibition was significantly increased in the samples with 30, 50, 100 kGy irradiated ${\beta}-glucan$. Melanin synthesis of irradiated ${\beta}-glucan$ was measured from B16BL6 melanoma cell line treated with ${\alpha}-melanin$ stimulating hormone. Melanin synthesis was increased in the ${\alpha}-melanin$ stimulating hormone added group. However, it was decreased in the groups of 30, 50 and 100 kGy gamma-irradiated ${\beta}-glucan$ treated with ${\alpha}-melanin$ stimulating hormone. These results indicate that gamma irradiated ${\beta}-glucan$ may elevate the whitening activity. Therefore, gamma-irradiated ${\beta}-glucan$ could be used for nutraceutical foods in cosmetic industry.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.98-98
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• 2003

${\beta}$-(1,3)-D-Glucans have been known to exhibit antitumor and antimicrobial activities. The presence of dectin-1,${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$-glucan receptor of dendritic cell, on macrophage has been controvertial. RT-PCR analysis led to the detection of dectin-1${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ in murine macrophage Raw264.7 cell line. Among the various organs of mouse, dectin-1${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ were detected in the thymus, lung, spleen, stomach and intestine. To analyze gene expression modulated by ${\beta}$-glucan treated murine Raw264.7 macrophage, total mRNA was applied to cDNA microarray to interrogate the expression of 7,000 known genes. cDNA chip analysis showed that ${\beta}$-glucan of P. osteatus increased gene expressions of immunomodulating genes, membrane antigenic proteins, chemokine ligands, complements, cytokines, various kinases, lectin associated genes and oncogenes in Raw 264.7 cell line. When treated with ${\beta}$-glucan of P. osteatus and LPS, induction of gene expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IFN-R1 was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. Induction of TNF-R type II expression was confirmed by FACS analysis. IL-6 expression was abolished by EDTA in ${\beta}$-glucan and LPS treated Raw264.7 cell line, indicating that ${\beta}$-glucan binds to dectin-l in a Ca$\^$＋＋/ -dependent manner. To increase antitumor efficacy of ${\beta}$-glucan, ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) was co-treated with ${\beta}$-glucan in vivo and in vitro tests. IC$\sub$50/ values of GRh2 were 20 and 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ in SNU-1 and B16 melanoma F10 cell line, respectively. Co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 showed synergistic antitumor activity with cisplatin and mitomycin C both in vitro and in vivo. Single or co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 increased tumor bearing mouse life span. Co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 showed more increased life span with mitomycin C than that with cisplatin. Antitumor activities were 67% and 72 % by co-injection with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 in the absence or presence of mitomycin C, respectively.