• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.153-172
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• 2009

Developing foreign fishing ground executed in various uncertainty such as fishing price, oil price, exchange rate. But traditional economic evaluation method, CVP(Cost-Volume-Profit) analysis doesn't consider uncertainty of foreign fishing ground. So we need new approach about economic evaluation that can take into account uncertainty. This study focus on the economic evaluation about experimental survey of tuna fishing grounds in the north pacific ocean by sensitive analysis and simulation. The results of the economic evaluation can be summarized as follows. First, when we take it for granted that the other uncertainty factors except for each fishing price, oil price, and exchange rate are constant. CVP gross sales has positive relation to the increasing rate of oil price, exchange rate(W/$) and negative relation to the increasing rate of fishing price and exchange rate(W/${\yen}$). Second, when we are supposing that fishing price, oil price, and exchange rate are followed. the probability of less than CVP gross sales is A ship(48.87%), B ship(49.64%), C ship(50.55%). Consequently, the economic evaluation by sensitive analysis and simulation is more useful tool than CVP(Cost-Volume-Profit) analysis under uncertainty.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.506-510
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• 2000

This experiment was to determine the usefulness of gum safflower phospholipid as a feed ingredient. Forty female broiler chicks were divided into four groups and fed experimental diets containing following fats and oils; beef tallow (Tallow), the blend of safflower oil and palm oil (SP-oil), gum rapeseed phospholipid (Rap-PL), or gum safflower phospholipid (Saf-PL) for 21days. There were no differences in growth performances among the treatments. Abdominal fat weight tended to be reduced in the chicks fed. phospholipids. The activity of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase was significantly reduced in the Rap-PL and Saf-PL as compared to that of Tallow. Feeding dietary phospholipids resulted in a slight reduction in total fat and triglyceride contents in the breast and thigh muscles. In addition, total fat and triglyceride contents in the thigh muscle were significantly decreased by dietary Saf-PL as compared to those of Tallow. These results suggested that dietary gum phospholipids, either from rapeseed or safflower, had desirable effects of lowing abdominal and muscle fats, and could be used as a feed ingredient for broiler diets.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.160-165
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• 2005

The proceeding bearings of marine diesel engine are affected by dynamic loads from the cylinder gas pressure and the inertia force from the crank mechanism. Oil film must support the load of the shaft and it also must protect the proceeding and the bearings from damage. This study uses Goenka's new curve fit to carry out the theoretical analysis of oil film in proceeding bearings for MAN B&W 12K90MC-C and Hyundai Heavy Industry Co., Ltd HiMSEN H21/32 Engine. The applied engine's analysis results show the behavior of the proceedings in main and crank pin bearings. The results of this study will be the proper criteria for the proceeding bearings design and be available for development of the new technology in the proceeding bearing and for the high strength lining coating.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1987

The effects of phosphatidyl choline (PC), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), phosphatidyl inositol (PI), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), and cardiolipin (CL) on the flavor stability of purified soybean oil were studied. Purified soybean oil obtained from soybean oil by silicic acid chromatography does not contain measurable iron, tocopherols and phospholipids. Three hundred ppm of PC, PE, PI, PA, PG, or CL was added to the purified soybean oil, with and without 1ppm ferrous iron added. The flavor stability of sample, which was stored at $60^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in dark oven, was determined by a combination of volatile compounds formation and molecular oxygen disappearence in the headspace of air-tightly sealed serum bottle every 48 hrs. Results showed that, in general, phospholipids worked as prooxidant in the pufified soybean oil without ferrous iron added, and worked as antioxidant in the oil, when added 1ppm ferrous iron. The results also suggest that phospholipids work as prooxidant by increasing the solubility of oxygen on the surface of oil, and work as antioxidant in the oil containing 1 ppm ferrous iron by chelating iron. The results showed that PE and PA are better antioxidants than PC and PG. CL and PI showed the lest antioxidant activities in the oil will 1ppm ferrous iron added.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.4 s.54
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• pp.295-304
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• 2005

Recently, arbutin, oil soluble licorice extact (GLY), ascorbyl glucoside (AA2G), and ethyl ascorbyl ether (EAE) have been widely used as functional whitening ingredients. To Investigate which combination between the above agents could be more effective for whitening effect, tyrosinase activity and MSH-induced melanin production in B-16 melanoma cells were investigated. Both GLY and arbutin dose-dependently inhibited purified tyrosinase activity. The inhibitory effects of GLY with AA2A or EAE on Drosinase activity were more potent than those of GLY alone, whereas that of arbutin with other ingreadients did not show those effects. In MSH-induced melanin production in B-16 melanoma cells, the mixture of Gly and EAE more significantly reduced melanin formation than Gly alone. Stability of mixture of GLY, arbutin, AA2A and EAE exposed at the temperature of $25^{\circ}C\;or\;45^{\circ}C$ for 30 days were also investigated. All of the combinations of whitening agents did not show any critical changes in their composition stability. These data suggest that the combination of GLY and vitamin C derivatives such as AA2G and EAE may be useful for the promotion of whitening effect.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

Contamination levels of aerobic colony counts, coliforms and pathogenic bacteria were tested in fried rice dishes to monitor quality for risk management. The prevalence of Bacillus cereus in dishes from 8 Chinese-style restaurants and 2 institutional foodservices was 10%, and the bacteria's contamination levels was 3.47 log CFU/g. Echerichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella were not detected in any of the 10 samples. However, for their aerobic colony counts and numbers of isolated coliforms, the samples were 30% and 70% over the microbial criteria, respectively, for ready-to-eat foods presented in the Korean Food Code. This suggests that fried rice dishes, although cooked with oil at high temperature, require special care. For the prediction of the growth curve of B. cereus spp. in the fried rice samples, an experiment design of 3 storage temperatures ($7^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$, $57^{\circ}C$) x 5 storage times (0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 24 h) was applied. The sample exposed to $35^{\circ}C$ showed no B. cereus spp. at 0 h; however, there was a tendency of slow growth (1.0 log CFU/g) after 4 hours of storage and then faster growth at 6 h (3.7 log CFU/g) and 12 h (4.7 log CFU/g), showing a growth rate of 0.56 log CFU/g/hr. These results indicate that fried rice, despite being heat-treated, can become heavily contaminated with B. cereus spp. when held over 2 hours at room temperature. However, the samples stored at $7^{\circ}C$ and $57^{\circ}C$ over 24 hours were not contaminated with B. cereus. Based on these results, management guidelines for controlling B. cereus are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 1999

This paper describes a fabrication of Fe-dispersed hydrophilic magnetic fluid and its application to oil seal in combination with the Nd-permanent magnet. The results are as follows; 1) Using silica coated iron particle of magnetization of 125.5 emu/g (at 10 kOe) and the mean particle size of 100 $\AA$, after multiple adsorption to the surface of silica coated iron particle with oleic acid ion, D.B.S. and T.M.A. ion, hydrophilic Fe-magnetic fluid [70 %(g/∝)Fe, magnetization of 52 emu/g and viscosity of 1450 cp] can be produced by dispersing the iron particle in ethylene glycol solution. 2) The oil seal apparatus consisting of six stages of Nd-permanent magnet (3200 Gauss) and Fe-magnetic fluid [70 %(g/∝) Fe] showed an excellent pressure resistance of 7400 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ under the gap between shaft and oil seal was 0.2 mm.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.318-321
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• 2005

Forty- nine quarters from 24 lactating cows with chronic mastitis were selected. The cows were raised on dairy farms in Gongju, Jochiwon and Yeongi in Chungnam province, and Iksan in Jeonbuk province, Korea. The 49 quarters with bovine mastitis were divided into control (7 quarters) and experimental (42 quarters) groups. The experimental quarters were assigned to experimental group A (10 quarters, somatic cell count: $50-100\times10^4/ml)$, experimental group B (14 quarters, somatic cells count: $100-300{\times}10^4/ml)$, and experimental group C (18 quarters, somatic cells count: $>300\times10^4/ml$), according to the number of the somatic cells in their milk. The quarters of control group were treated with norfloxacin ointment (10 g/tube) based on the result of sensitivity, twice a day for 3 days. The quarters or experimental groups were infused 10ml or ozonated oils twice a day for 3 days. After treatment, the milk of the control group contained non-significantly lower numbers of somatic cells and bacteria on day 7, compared with pretreatment levels. Experimental groups A, B and C had lower somatic and bacterial cells in their milk on day 7, compared with pretreatment levels. Experimental group B and C had significantly lower numbers of somatic cells in their milk ell day 7 than before treatment (p<0.01). However, no significant difference in somatic cell numbers was detected between the control alld experimental groups. It was concluded that ozone therapy with ozonated oil applied on bovine mastitis might be effective.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.522-527
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• 2002

The antimetastatic effect of BCG-CWS, which was emulsified in an oil-in-water form with either Drakeol 6VR mineral oil (BCG-CWS/DK) or squalane (BCG-CWS/SQA), on lung metastasis produced by highly metastatic murine tumor cells, Colon26-M3.1 carcinoma cells and B16-BL6 melanoma cells, was investigated in syngeneic mice. An intravenous (i.v.) administration of BCG-CWS (100 mg/mouse) 1 day after tumor inoculation significantly inhibited tumor metastasis of both Colon26-M3.1 carcinoma and B16-BL6 melanoma cells in experimental lung metastasis models. No differences in the antitumor activity of the two oil-based formulations (BCG-CWS/DK and BCG-CWS/SQA) were obverved. However, BCG-CWS/SQA administered through subcutaneous (s.c.) route was shown to be effective only when it was consecutively injected (3 times) after tumor inoculation. An in vivo analysis for tumor-induced angiogenesis shwed that a single i.v. administration of BCG-CWS/SQA inhibited the number of tumor-induced blood vessels and suppressed tumor growth. Furthermore, the multiple administration of BCG-CWS/SQA given at on week intervals led to a significant reduction in spontaneous lung metastasis of B16-BL6 melanoma cells in a spontaneous metastasis model. These results suggest that BCG-CWS emulsified with squalane is a potent inhibitory agent of lung metastasis, and that the anti metastatic effect of BCG-CWS is related to the suppression of tumor growth and the inhibition of tumor-induced angiogenesis.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.245-251
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• 2005

This study was investigated the condition of their maximum activity to assay the enzymes of rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis의 $\alpha$-amylase, total alkaline Protease, trypsin and TG-lipase activities of rotifer were higher and more sensitive in phosphate-NaOH buffer than Tris-HCl buffer. $\alpha$-amylase, trypsin and TG-lipase activities were appeared the maximum at pH 8.0, and total alkaline protease activity showed the maximum activity at pH 7.0. $\alpha$-amylase activity showed the highest activity at $40^{\circ}C$, and total alkaline protease and trypsin activities were assayed the highest at $55{\~}60^{\circ}C$. However, TG-lipase activity was appeared the highest at $25{\~}30^{\circ}C$. The optimum substrate concentration of enzyme activity of a-amylase, total alkaline protease, rypsin and TG-lipase were $3.5\%$ starch, $\0.6%$ azo-casein, $87.5{\mu}M$ BApNA and 81.2 mM olive oil, respectively. The optimum reaction time of enzyme activity of $\alpha$-amylase, total alkaline protease, trypsin and TG-lipase were increased up to 40, 60, 30 and 25 min., respectively. The data obtained in this study could be used for the digestive enzyme research of rotifer, B. rotundiformis.