• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.381-389
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• 2004

To investigate changes of multi-purpose solutions for soft contact lens(MPS) depending on using period or keeping temperature, we evaluate four brands of MPS. No significant difference was seen in protein deposit removing efficacy after samples had used for 24 weeks and kept at $4^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$ or $30^{\circ}C$. The pH values of the samples of 4 brands measured weekly over the 24 week testing period. The initial average pH value of samples were 7.0, 7.5, 7.6 or 8.2. One brand of MPS was in the range of the threshold for ocular awareness, which is outside the zone of 6.6 ~ 7.8. During the testing period, the pH value were decreased in using period-dependent manner. At the 24th week, the average pH values of samples turned to 6.6, 7.2, 7.2 or 7.7. However, the difference of keeping temperature was not associated with decreased levels of pH values. After 24 weeks, one of total 36 samples was contaminated by bacteria. Furthermore, the change of components was shown after 24 weeks in the analysis using thin layer chromatography and the analysis of UV absorption pattern. The results of our study provides that the keeping temperature of MPS is not the important factor of changes of MPS, but the using period of MPS can cause contact lens wearers discomfort.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.655-659
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• 2008

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) is a rare and poorly understood manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), especially in children. The characteristic clinical feature of IPO is obstruction without an identifiable obstructive lesion. The authors a 13-year-old girl whose first symptom of SLE was IPO. The patient presented with a 3-day history of nausea, bilious vomiting, abdominal distention, and no bowel movement. Simple abdominal radiographs revealed mild dilatation with partial air-fluid levels in the small intestine. Abdominal CT and methylcellulose small bowel studies showed massive ascites, engorgement of the small mesenteric vessels, pleural effusion, and diffuse bowel wall thickening of the gastric antrum, duodenum. and jejunum. The delayed passage of contrast for 15 days after the methylcellulose small bowel studies was suggestive of decreased bowel motility. Laboratory findings were positive for ANA, anti-double-stranded DNA, anti-Smith and lymphopenia. After 10-day treatment with high-dose corticosteroids, the symptoms improved. IPO associated with SLE should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Early recognition of IPO in SLE and appropriate therapy are important for prevention of complications and unnecessary surgery. This case raises awareness among pediatricians that although rare, IPO can be the presenting symptom of SLE in children.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.921-932
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of the this study was to obtain necessary source data for development of oral health improvement and promotion programs for the elderly by investigating the actual situations of oral health education related experience and needs that senior citizens had in Korea. Methods : In this study, convenience sampling was conducted in 430 senior citizens aged 65 years who lived in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do in Korea, for about six months from December 2011 to May 2012. For data collection, the structured questionnaire was used. Community-based senior citizens' welfare facilities and centres, as well as nearby churches were visited to inform them of the information on this study. Then, the senior citizens who agreed to participate in this study were given the questionnaire sheets. Excluding 33 copies of inadequately completed questionnaire sheets, 397 copies (92.3% of the entire collected data) were analyzed. Results : 1. In terms of the experience with oral health education, the number of elderly respondents who have not received oral health education was 202 (50.9%), whereas the number of those who have received oral health education was 195 (49.1%), which indicates that the latter shows a slightly higher proportion. 2. Examining the necessity for oral health education, the overall mean was 3.67 points based on 5 points as full marks, which suggests that senior citizens have high awareness of the necessity for oral health education. 3. Regarding the willingness to participate in oral health education, the number of those who answered that if any opportunity to receive oral health education is given, they would be willing to receive such the education was 211 (53.1%). Conclusions : Based upon the results mentioned above, we conclude that it is required to develop more systematic and sustained, life-long oral health education programs at the levels of senior citizen's welfare facilities and centres, in order to guide senior citizens to desirable oral health care practice.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.201-211
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• 2020

Green/climate technology has been emphasized as a growth engine that can boost the global economy via environmentally friendly products. Recently, SMEs in Korea have been recognized as a critical actor in the globalization of green/climate technologies. However, there has been no survey and few studies on the satisfaction level of the support for the overseas expansion of SMEs in the green/climate technology field. Therefore, this study aims to support a policy for the establishment of SMEs' green/climate technology by investigating and analyzing expert opinions on SMEs. Through a literature survey, support policies were classified into four types, and then according to the types, satisfaction factors and obstacle factors for overseas expansion were derived and analyzed. In the results, the SMEs overall showed low levels of awareness and satisfaction and were found to be struggling due to all obstructive factors. In addition, the most important success factor for overseas expansion was found to be the policy related to funding support. Thus, it is necessary to improve the accessibility, advertisement, and support strategies of support policies, and in particular, appropriate budget allocation should be made available by considering the characteristics of companies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.462-471
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• 2018

Even though software (SW) education has not been considered part of the current national kindergarten curriculum, in practice there is growing interest in adopting it. Teachers would be expected to play a key role in the successful introduction and implementation of new educational changes, such as SW education. In preparation for its adoption in ECE, it would be useful to determine ECE teachers' perception and attitudes toward early childhood software education. For this study, 219 ECE teachers' level of concern toward SW education was surveyed using the Stages of Concern Questionnaire. It was found that the teachers' level of concern was the highest at stage 0-Unconcerned and that they had high levels of stage management, personal and informational concern. Thus, a non-user pattern was mostly indicated. However, compared to the typical non-user pattern, the pattern aspect close to critical non-user ever appeared to some extent. In addition, a significant difference in the level of concern was shown at all stages depending on the awareness of the necessity for SW education. The teachers with SW training experience showed a higher intensity only at stage 0. There was a statistically significant difference in stages 0 and 6 depending on the future implementation decision. These results will be utilized as a resource in building an ECE teachers' support system according to their level of concern about SW education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.6793-6803
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• 2014

A self-administered survey was conducted on dental hygiene students at colleges or universities in Chungcheong Province to increase the levels of practice for them and provide basic data that could improve their major satisfaction after practice. The data was collected from December 2012 to April 2013 and 766 questionnaires, except for 13 containing insincere responses, were finally analyzed using SPSS/Win18.0. The on- and off-campus practice groups formed 59.7% and 57.4%, respectively. The most frequent place for practice was university dental hospitals, followed in order by hospitals/clinics and health centers. University students were more satisfied with on-campus practice in terms of factors, such as practice contents, practice time, and practice performance than those at three-year colleges. The students in the higher grades were more satisfied with the practice time. The university students were also more satisfied with off-campus practice in terms of all the factors than those at three-year colleges. The students in higher grades were more satisfied with the practice time and practice performance. The on- or off-campus practice group was generally more satisfied with their major than the non-practice group, and each of the factors-practice performance, practice time, practice environment, and practice contents-significantly affected the major satisfaction. The results highlight the need to plan and provide satisfactory education based on an understanding and awareness of students so that they can take pride in their major through on- and off-campus practice. In addition, it is also necessary to develop educational guidelines for clinical practice and efficient programs so that clinical practice can create the optimal learning situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2020

The Marine Safety Culture Index (MSCI) was developed in the year 2018 for objectively assessing the public safety culture levels and for incorporating it as data to spread knowledge regarding the marine safety culture. The method for calculating the safety culture index should include issues that may affect the safety culture and should consist of appropriate attributes for estimating the current status. In addition, continuous verification and supplementation are required for addressing social and economic changes. In this study, to determine whether the questionnaire designed by marine experts reflects the people's interests and needs, we analyzed 915 marine safety proposals. Text mining was employed for analyzing the unstructured data of the marine safety proposals, and network analysis and topic modeling were subsequently performed. Analysis of the marine safety proposals was centered on attributes such as education, public relations, safety rules, awareness, skilled workers, and systems. Eighteen questions were modified and supplemented for reflecting the marine safety proposals, and reliability of the revised questions was analyzed. Furthermore, compared to the previous year, the questionnaire's internal consistency was improved upon and was rated at a high value of 0.895. It is expected that by employing the derived marine safety culture index and incorporating the improved questionnaire that reflects the requirements of marine experts and the people, the improved questionnaire will contribute to the establishment of policies for spreading knowledge regarding the marine safety culture.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2515-2519
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• 2015

Purpose: To determine knowledge levels of working and student nurses about cervical cancer and prophylactic cancer vaccines. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 259 nursing students in the Department of Nursing and 137 nurses working in Health Research and Practice Center, approved to participate in the study between April-June 2012. The study was performed universally without selecting a sample. A questionnaire that was prepared for evaluating participants' knowledge and attitudes about human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine was distributed to the nurses and data obtained from the forms were transferred to SPSS 15.00 program and statistically analyzed. Results: It was found that 54.8% of the student nurses were between 21-24 years old and 13.1% of working students were between 25-28 years old. When student nurses and working nurses were compared in terms of their knowledge about the causes of cervical cancer, their ideas about prevention from cervical cancer with HPV vaccine, their ideas about possible risks of HPV vaccine and conservation ratios of HPV vaccine, it was observed that there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). When student nurses and working nurses were compared in terms of the information-source about HPV, ways of HPV contamination, awareness about people who are susceptible to HPV contamination and age of HPV vaccination, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was found that all nurses had some knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine, but this was not sufficient. Therefore; it is recommended to use verbal, written and visual communication tools intensively in order to have topics on cervical cancer, early diagnosis and prevention in bachelor and master programs for nurses, to inform society about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine for public health and to teach precautions for its prevention.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.55-64
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• 2018

In spite of many previous studies conducted to prevent safety accidents at construction sites, the frequency of safety accidents has not decreased. And recently, a lot of research has been done to analyze the causes of the accidents resulting from the personal characteristics and behaviors of managers or workers, and eliminate them. However, despite these efforts, safety accidents occur consistently as managers and workers shift their responsibilities for the safety accidents onto someone other than themselves. Therefore, in order to prevent safety accidents, this study investigated the consciousness of shifting responsibility among managers and workers and analyzed the correlation between factors influencing the consciousness of shifting responsibility. In addition, it proposed the quantitative levels of the consciousness of shifting responsibility based on the survey of managers and workers. The results of this study demonstrated that managers tend to the shift responsibility onto workers, whereas workers the shift responsibility onto managers. It was additionally demonstrated that there is a correlation between the consciousness of shifting responsibility and the factors influencing it. The findings of this study are expected to improve the safety awareness among managers and workers and make contributions in the theoretical and practical aspects of construction safety management.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.49-66
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• 2000

Pregnancy is a task of creation in which a women mobilizes her self and the resources available to her in the generation of a new person. Through the pregnancy, a mother has formed the new human relationship with a fetus. Maternal-fetal relationship is considered one of mechanism making the relationship of mother and child. It is important to well-being of mother and fetus, too. The earliest interaction between a mother and her child is during prenatal period. Maternal-fetal dyad is unique and perceived interactions with the fetus make the pregnancy real for the mother. Maternal behavior is "instinctive" and is formed in early childhood by copy of the mother. But, Rubin argues that this behavior is an open intellectual system rather than a prepackaged bundle of traits. There is openness to new learning and a high value placed on knowing which occurs with silent organization in thought. Thus, nurses and other health professionals provide prenatal care that optimally is part of the environment in which the maternal-fetal dyad develops. Thus it is appropriate for nurses to increases their understanding of the dyad and to explore ways to enhance its development. This study focusses on the interaction ability and response of fetus, and the maternal-fetal interaction. The research of fetal responses that involve physiological changes and motor movement have been shown to coccur to both external sensory stimuli and to maternal emotional states. The fetus does also have sensory capacity to be aware of some maternal behaviors, and the motor ability to respond in a way the mother can notice. Thus, very rudimentary interactions appear to be possible. Maternal awareness of fetal activity was supported by several studies. More interesting to the present study are description of maternal-fetal interaction and the finding that there appear to be levels of sensitivity to the fetus involved in maternal-fetal interactions. First, recognition comes that the fetus is separate from the maternal self. Next, the fetus engages in. Lastly, the parent may describe active interaction with the fetus, believing that mother and fetus are communicating on a meaningful level. Several interventions, developed to promote more active interaction between mother and fetus, have been reviewed. In general, the parents were taught to stimulate the fetus and to notice the fetus' responses. This type of intervention might increase the mother's sensitivity to her unborn baby, and she may have a head start toward learning how to res pond sensitivity to the newborn infant. Research In the area of maternal-fetal interaction is scarce. Sensitive behavior is construed as an appropriate and timely response to a signal of need from another person, but no such signal of need can be claimed regarding the fetus. The highest level of maternal-fetal interaction, therefore, might be based more on maternal representations of the imagined fetus than on factual evidence of fetal participation.