• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2019

In this study, reflecting long-term climate characteristics, we analyzed electricity generation and generation characteristics of 3kWp PV system, which was semi-integrated with air duct behind. Using PVsyst as a simulation analysis tool, we inputted "National reference standard weather data" of 16 regions as a typical climatic data. The result is summarized as follows: First, the national average annual electricity generation was 1,312 kWh/kWp (StDev, ${\sigma}=71$). It was most abundant in Mokpo with 1,434 kWh/kWp, which was average 21% greater than the lowest with 1,165 kWh/kWp in Seoul and 1,197 kWh/kWp in Jeju. National average daily generating time based on STC was 3.6 hours (${\sigma}=0.43$), and that of Mokpo and Seoul was 3.9 and 3.2 hours respectively. Second, Jeju showed the great difference of annual monthly generation by month (annual average = 99.7 kWh/kWp, ${\sigma}=25.5$), while Jinju showed the smallest difference (annual average = 115.5 kWh/kWp, ${\sigma}=10.6$). Generation in Jeju was at the largest in April with 132.2 kWh/kWp, which was 2.3 times greater than the lowest 55.2 kWh/kWp in January. However, generation in Jinju was at the largest in March with 129.3 kWh/kWp, which was only 1.3 times greater than the lowest 101.1 kWh/kWp in June. Third, the annual average PR was the highest in Incheon with 85.8% and the lowest in Jeju with 83.2%. PR of Mokpo was 84.3%, which was lower than that of national average.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.147-161
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• 2016

To start with, finding a sustainable method to produce sweet water and electricity by using renewable energies is one of the most important issues at this time. So, experimental and theoretical analysis of the performance of a closed solar powered still, which is jointed to photovoltaic cells and vacuum pump and equipped by nano plate, as the principle stage of zero discharge desalination process is investigated in this project. Major goal of this work is to reuse the concentrated brine of the Mobin petrochemical complex in order to produce potable, sweet water from effluent saline wastewater and generating electricity in the same time by using solar energy instead of discharging them to the environment. It is observed the increase in brackish water temperature increases the average daily production of solar desalination still considerably. Therefore, the nano plate and vacuum pump are added to augment the evaporation rate. The insolation rate, evaporation rate, the average brackish temperature, ambient temperature, density are investigated during a year 2013. In addition to obtain the capacity of solar powered still, the highest and lowest amount of water and electricity generation are reported during a twelvemonth (2013). Results indicate the average daily production is increased 16%, which represents 7.78 kW.h energy saving comparing with traditional solar still.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.656-664
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• 2018

본 연구는 효율성 측면에서 태양광에너지 시설의 최적입지 조건을 찾아내고 이를 통해 향후 태양광 시설입지에 대한 정책적 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 전라남도 지역에 입지한 92개 사례대상지를 선정하였다. 평균 발전시간을 종속변수로, 그리고 설비조건, 기상조건, 대지조건을 설명변수로 하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 유의미한 5개의 변수가 도출되었다. 첫째, 대지면적이 넓을수록 둘째, 하천 섬 바닷가 등에 입지할수록 셋째, 대지의 주 방향이 남향이 아닐수록 넷째, 평균풍속이 높을수록 다섯째, 농림지역이나 자연환경보전지역 등에 태양광시설이 입지할수록 발전효율이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 통계자료 확보가능성과 설비종류에 따른 오류를 최소화하고, 전라남도 지역으로 연구를 한정함에 따라 사례 대상지가 많지 않은 점이 연구의 한계이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 향후 태양광시설의 최적입지를 선정하는데 중요한 정책적 함의를 제공하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2398-2421
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• 2020

In third world countries like Pakistan, the production of electricity has been quickly reduced in past years due to rely on the fossil fuel. According to a survey conducted in 2017, the overall electrical energy capacity was 22,797MW, since the electrical grids have gone too old, therefore the efficiency of grids, goes down to nearly 17000MW. Significant addition of fossil fuel, hydro and nuclear is 64.2%, 29% and 5.8% respectively in the total electricity production in Pakistan. In 2018, the demand crossed 20,223MW, compared to peak generation of 15,400 to 15,700MW as by the Ministry of Water and Power. Country faces a deficit of almost 4000MW to 5000MW for the duration of 2019 hot summer term. Focus on one aspect considering Demand Side Management (DSM) cannot oversea the reduction of gap between power demand and customer supply, which eventually leads to the issue of load shedding. Hence, a scheduling scheme is proposed in this paper called RPSMDSM that is based on selection of those appliances that need to be only Turned-On, on priority during peak hours consuming minimum energy. The Home Energy Management (HEM) system is integrated between consumer and utility and bidirectional flow is presented in the scheme. During peak hours of electricity, the RPSMDSM is capable to persuade less power consumption and accomplish productivity in load management. Simulations show that RPSMDSM scheme helps in scheduling the electricity loads from peak price to off-peak price hours. As a result, minimization in electricity cost as well as (Peak-to-Average Ratio) PAR are accomplished with sensible waiting time.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.838-843
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• 2008

Cause of struggling to escape from dependency of fossil fuels, the fuel cell and the Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) draw attention in the all of the world. Especially, the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) systems have been anticipated for next generation's energy supplying system, and we can predict the PHEV will enlarge the market share in the next few years to reduce not only the air pollution in the metropolis but the fuel-expenses of commuters. This paper presents simulation results about the strategy of smart charging system for PHEV in the residential house which has 1 kW PEMFC cogeneration system. The smart charging system has a function of recommending the best time to charge the battery of PHEV by the lowest energy cost. The simulated energy cost for charging the battery based on the electricity demand data pattern in the house. The house which floor area is $132\;m^2$ (40 pyeong.). In these conditions, the annual gasoline, electricity, and total energy cost to fuel the PHEV versus Conventional Vehicle (CV) have been simulated in terms of cars' average life span in Korea.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.766-769
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• 2005

In a ubiquitous environment made up of multiple sensors, most sensors participate in communications with limited battery, and the sensor node isn't able to participate in communications when all the battery is used up. When an existing authentication method is used for the sensor node which has to participate in a long term communication with limited battery, it creates a problem by making the length of network maintenance or sensor node's operation time relatively shorte. Therefore, a network structure where RM (Register Manager) node and AM (Authentication Manager) node are imported to solve the energy consumption problem during a communication process is presented in this thesis. This offers a low power protocol based on safety through a mutual authentication during communications. Through registration and authentication manager nodes, each sensor nodes are ensured of safety and the algorithm of key's generation, encryption/descramble and authentication is processed with faster operation speed. So the amount of electricity used up during the communications between sensor nodes has been evaluated. In case of the amount of electrical usage, an average of $34.783\%$ for the same subnet and 36.855 for communications with two different subnets, are reduced. The proposed method is a protocol which maintains the limited battery for a long time to increase the effectiveness of energy usage in sensor nodes and can also increase the participation rate of communication by sensor nodes.

• 물과 미래
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 1991

본 연구는 터널식 소수력 발전소의 타당성 검토 기법에 관한 것으로 개발 후보지의 유량지속곡선을 작성하기 위해서 Weibull분포의 누적밀도함수와 Thiessen법을 채택하였고, 터널식 소수력 발전소의 성능예측 모델과 건설비 산정 모델이 개발되었다. 또한 한강 수계에 산재한 8개소의 개발후보지를 선정, 실측하여 이들을 대상으로 성능 특성 및 경제적 타당성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 터널식 소수력 발전소의 경우 발전단가를 가장 낮게 하여 주는 최적 설계유량은 유량지속곡선상의 시간비가 20%에서 30%사이에 해당하는 유량이라는 것이 밝혀졌다. 또한 개발 후보지의 설계유량, 유효낙차, 설비용량, 년평균 가동율, 년간 전기 생산량 등과 같은 초기설계제원이 산정되었다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2007

태양광발전이란 태양에너지를 직접 전기 에너지로 변환시키는 것이다. 지난 5년 동안 태양광발전은 세계적으로 높은 성장률을 보여 왔다. 특히 2006년에는 30%, 이상의 성장을 가져왔으며 앞으로 20년 동안 평균 생산 성장률은 매년 27%-34%가 될 것으로 예상하고 있다. 현재까지는 태양광발전을 이용해 생산된 전력의 가격은 기존 전력발전의 가격보다 높지만 태양광 기술의 발전과 효율의 향상으로 점점 그 가격이 떨어지고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 태양전지용의 실리콘 기판의 대량생산은 점점 더 태양전지의 가격 저하를 가져오고 있다. 태양전지의 변화효율의 한계는 30%이다. 현재에는 결정질 실리콘 태양전지가 주를 이루고 있지만 미래에는 박막 실리콘 태양전지가 주도를 이룰 것이다. 2030년에는 박막 태양전지가 90%이상을 이루고 결정질 태양전지는 10% 이하로 떨어질 것을 예상하고 있다. 성균관대학교에서는 결정질 실리콘 태양전지의 저가화와 고효율화를 주 연구로 수행하고 있다. 현재 성균관대학교에서는 스크린 프린트를 이용해서 16% 이상의 다결정 실리콘 태양전지와 17% 이상의 단결정 실리콘 태양전지를 성공적으로 제작하였다. 제 1세대에서 다음 세대의 태양전지 발전의 과정은 새로운 접근법으로 확대되지만 여전히 실리콘이 지금까지 주된 재료로 쓰이고 있다. 2010년까지 이러한 기술들에 대한 격차는 여전히 있지만 태양광발전을 통한 전력생산의 가격은 60 cent/watt 정도로 예상하고 있다. 태양광발전은 청정에너지로서 재생불가능 하고 고갈되어가고 환경오염을 일으키는 다른 에너지와 비교하여 점점 대체에너지로서의 자리를 확립해 가고 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.561-565
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• 2014

Thermoelectric materials have been the topic of intensive research due to their unique dual capability of directly converting heat into electricity or electrical power into cooling or heating. Bismuth telluride ($Bi_2Te_3$) is the best-known commercially used thermoelectric material in the bulk form for cooling and power generation applications In this work we focus on the large scale synthesis of nanostructured undoped bulk nanostructured $Bi_2Te_3$ materials by employing a novel bottom-up solution-based chemical approach. Spark plasma sintering has been employed for compaction and sintering of $Bi_2Te_3$ nanopowders, resulting in relative density of $g{\cdot}cm^{-3}$ while preserving the nanostructure. The average grain size of the final compacts was obtained as 200 nm after sintering. An improved NS bulk undoped $Bi_2Te_3$ is achieved with sintered at $400^{\circ}C$ for 4 min holding time.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.107-128
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• 2021

우리나라 전력시장에서 한계비용 기반의 가격결정메커니즘에 관한 논의가 이루어질 때 마다 한계발전기의 수익 감소는 가장 큰 장애물로 인식되었다. 하지만 수익감소는 한계비용 기반의 가격결정메커니즘의 한계점이 아니라 시장개설 초기 CBP체제의 단기 운영 계획, 발전계획프로그램의 기능 부재, 성능시험의 구조적 결함이 결합된 문제이다. 다조합 복합발전기에 운전조합별 비용함수를 적용할 경우 고출력구간에서 한계비용이 평균비용을 초과할 수 있으며, 이것은 비용함수를 산정하는 방식에 따라 가격결정메커니즘 제도개선을 가로막았던 구조적인 장애물을 극복할 수 있는 기회를 제공할 수 있다. 실시간 시장, 계통운영보조서비스 시장 등 재생에너지 확대를 수용하기 위한 전력시장 개선 및 DR, ESS 등 새로운 자원들의 시장참여 확대 등 향후 전력시장의 복잡성은 더욱 증가할 것으로 전망된다. 전력시장이 복잡해질수록 합리적인 가격신호를 제공하는 것이 바로 전력시장의 가장 중요한 역할이며 한계비용 기반의 가격결정메커니즘이 바로 전력시장 선진화의 출발점이 될 것이다.