• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2011

Objectives : The study set out to analyze correlations between emotional labor and job stress among dental hygienist, who have direct and lasting relationships with patients in dental clinic, and provide basic data to resolve stressors and manage stress. Methods : A survey was taken among dental hygienists working at dental clinics, and 200 questionnaires were used in analysis. The gathered data were put to Cronbach's alpha with the SPSS WIN12.0 program to test the reliability of the inventories to measure their emotional labor and job stress. In addition, correlation analysis was conducted to examine relations between the items of emotional labor and those of job stress along with regression analysis to examine relations between emotional labor and job stress. Finally, t-test and One-way ANOVA were conducted to test mean differences in the job stress items according to the degrees of emotional labor with the statistical significance level set at 0.05. Results : 1. The measurement tool used in the study recorded 0.7 for all the areas of Cronbach's alpha for internal reliability and thus achieved high reliability. 2. The overall mean of emotional labor was 2.74, which indicates that the dental hygienists had 'average' or higher stress for emotional labor. 3. Emotional labor had statistically significant relations with educational background, place of work, motivation to choose to be a dental hygienist, and religion of their general characteristics. 4. There was statistical significance in relations between general characteristics and job stress according to educational background, position at work, and experience with change of occupation. 5. The correlations between emotional labor and the stress areas were analyzed. As a result, emotional labor was in positive(+) correlations with job demand, lack of job autonomy, relational conflict, job instability, organizational system, and corporate culture. In addition, regression analysis was conducted to test causal relations between emotional labor and job stress. The results indicate that there were positive(+) influences between emotional labor and job stress. Conclusions : The results show that emotional labor can serve as a mediating variable for job stress in dental clinic. Thus both dental clinics and dental hygienists need to have ways to deal with job stress derived from emotional labor in which they are forced to process their emotions according to the dental clinics' demands, properly. The study will hopefully trigger ongoing follow-up researches on the deployment of dental hygienists according to their job characteristics and the situational variables to alleviate the negative results of emotional labor.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.11-22
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• 2020

Recently, developed countries have been suffering from a weakening sense of community due to low birthrate, aging population, rapid population movement, rapid urbanization, and industrialization. As a result, participation in local autonomy of residents in advanced countries such as the U.S. and Japan is forming community organizations at the regional level. The purpose of this study is to study the legal system of American and Japanese village enterprises. We would also like to analyze the legal system of village enterprises in the United States and Japan and examine the examples of the legal system of village enterprises in the United States and Japan. Specifically, the first is to consider the concept, background, and type of village enterprise based on prior research. Second, review the institutional characteristics of American and Japanese village enterprises. Third, I would like to analyze the cases of legal systems for village businesses such as Seattle City in the U.S. and Setaga Baseball in Tokyo, Japan. Fourth, suggest implications according to the results of the study. The results of the study suggested the following. First, the village development project should be set up and subdivided into dedicated administrative organizations. This should establish a segmented administrative organization system to support village development by establishing branch offices to support administrative services tailored to each region. Second, the village-building project should secure independent financial resources. In other words, there is an excuse to seek ways to continuously secure independent funds without relying on the administration financially for the village development project. Third, village-building should be carried out in phases. The government should support the activities of residents and promote continuous projects through phased project implementation. Fourth, a foundation must be laid for the universities and specialized high schools in the community to operate programs for regional innovation, such as social innovation.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.108-113
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• 2017

The OBCP called 'operator on board' is that of a procedure to be executed on-board, which can be easily be loaded, executed, and also replaced, without modifying the remainder of the FSW. The use of OBCP enhances the on-board autonomy capabilities and increases the robustness to ground stations outages. The OBCP engine which is the core module of OBCP component in the FSW interprets and executes of the procedures based on script language written using a high-level language, possibly compiled, and it is relying on a virtual machine of the OBCP engine. FSW team in KARI has studied OBCP since 2010 as FSW team's internal projects, and made some OBCP engines such as Java KVM, RTCS/C and KKOMA on ERC32 processor target only for study. Recently we have been studying ESA's OBCP standard and implementing Lua and MicroPython on LEON2-FT/AT697F processor target as the OBCP engine. This paper presents the design and implementation of Lua for the OBCP engine on AT697F processor with VxWorks RTOS, and describes the evaluation result and performance of the OBCP engine.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.63
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• pp.183-219
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out what their professionalism is and how their expertise grows among Christian alternative school teachers. Professionalism refers to the broad expertise such as specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed for a particular profession. The teacher expertise is also closely related to the life cycle of a teacher. The present study collected and analyzed the data using a mixed research method that combined a survey and interview. The survey, which involved 276 Christian alternative school teachers, asked about the current teacher's interest, the importance and retention of each element of professionalism, and, in addition, the level of external efforts and help in developing professionalism. The in-depth interview was conducted on 7 Christian alternative school teachers and identified the meaning of teacher professionalism, teacher quality and competencies, and environment for the professional growth. The results reveal that the professionalism recognized by Christian alternative school teachers is rather complex. It includes communication and relationship, calling and identity in addition to the curriculum and instruction expertise that reconstructs the curriculum from a Christian perspective. It is further found that teachers' decision to respond to the calling, subsequent continuous self-development, the teacher community that embodies such calling and efforts, and the school environment where autonomy and responsibility coexist, are equally important for their professional growth. Thus, in order to promote the professionalism of Christian alternative school teachers more effectively in the future, it would be necessary to provide programs that take the teacher's whole life cycle into account and are also directed to teachers themselves rather than to institutions. Considering the emphasis on the expertise in communication and relations, pre-service teacher education should focus not only on developing subject matter expertise, but also fostering communication and relational skills with students and other school community members.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.207-215
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• 2018

As the environment changes rapidly and the diversity of organizational members increases in the modern organization, interest is increasingly focused on empowering leadership that gives more authority and autonomy to the individual. In this study, we demonstrate an effective process for empowering leadership that was examined by focusing on the leader acceptance of organization members. For this purpose, 293 questionnaires were collected from employees working in corporations, and the mediating effects of individual leader acceptance on the relationship between empowering leadership and individual effectiveness (individual innovative behavior, individual performance) were verified. Hypothesis testing revealed that empowering leadership had a significant influence on both individual innovative behavior and individual performance. Second, in the relationship between empowering leadership and individual innovative behavior, individual leader acceptance was completely mediated. Third, in the relationship between empowering leadership and individual performance, individual leader acceptance was completely mediated. This study suggests that individual leader acceptance is important for empowering leadership effectiveness. In order for empowering leadership to be more effective, we propose that leaders make empowering behaviors according to the organization members' level of maturity and personal values.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Open data has received a lot of attention from around the world. The Korean government is also making efforts to open government data. However, despite the quantitative increase in public data, the lack of data is still pointed out. This paper proposes a method to improve data sharing and utilization by semantically linking public data. First, we propose a knowledge model for expressing administrative districts and their semantic relationships in Korea. An administrative district is an administrative unit that divides the territory of a nation, which is a unit of politics, according to the purpose of the state administration. The knowledge model of the administrative district defines the structure of the administrative district system and the relationship between administrative units based on the Local Autonomy Act. Second, a knowledge graph of the administrative districts is introduced. As a reference information to link public open data at a semantic level, some characteristics of a knowledge graph of administrative districts and methods for linking heterogeneous public open data and improving data quality are addressed. Finally, some use cases are addressed for interlinking between the knowledge graph of the administrative districts and public open data. In particular, national administrative organisations are interlinked with the knowledge graph, and it demonstrates how the knowledge graph can be utilised for improving data identification and data quality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2169-2177
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• 2010

The effects of job related factors on psychosocial health status were examined by taking job stress into account. The self-administered questionnaires were performed, during the period between Oct. 1st, 2009 and Nov. 30th, 2009, to 805 individuals in the service of general administration located in Daejeon City. Causal relationships between job related factors, job stress, and, psychosocial health status were examined by structural equation model. The main finding as follows: For correlations of such indices of psychosocial health status as PWI and MFS with various studied items, all of these two indices were found to be in a negative correlation with the job position, job career, satisfaction in job life, autonomy of job, supervisors support and coworkers support, whereas in positive correlation with the experience of sick absence per year and job demand. With the analysis of structural equation model, the degree of job stress factors was more influential on the level of psychosocial health status than job related factors in such a manner as that the greater the job stress, while the lower the job related factors, the higher the psychosocial health status(PWI and MFS). Moreover, it was found to have the inter-relational effects that the greater the job related factors, the lower the job stress factors. Thus the effective strategy for stress and fatigue symptoms reduction among governmental employees requires additional programs focusing on innovated job specifications.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.186-192
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine how Korean dance affects middle-aged women by acting as a cultural mediator. A qualitative approach was taken in order to best achieve the purpose of this study. The data used in this study were collected from Feb 10th to April 1st, 2016, using in-depth interviews. The results are as follows; firstly, on an emotional level, the middle-aged women participating in Korean dance as a cultural mediator, feel a sense of self-achievement and social belonging, as well as experiencing an improvement in their psychological stability by resolving their depression. Those who had lost their sense of autonomy and productivity were able to recover some of their self-esteem through this activity. Secondly, in terms of their activity, the Korean dance enabled the ladies to exercise their poorly used muscles by strengthening their gross and fine motor skills through the movements associated with the Korean traditional music. This allowed them to ease their chronic physical pain and it can be considered that their overall exercise function was increased by expanding their exercise radius. Third, in the cognitive area, it was possible for them to revive their happy memories by listening to the music which was loved by their preceding generations. This is because the melody of familiar Korean music provides them with the chance to remember their former days. Lastly, in the social area, the Korean dance allowed the middle-aged women to accept themselves through music and movement, as well as playing the role of a mediator which enabled them to overcome their isolation and the conflicts they face in their social relations. In addition, they achieved self-realization by reconnecting with the regional community through the Korean dance performances, which they learned as social community members.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.837-840
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• 2015

Background: The disclosure of a diagnosis of cancer is complex, particularly in older patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between age and not knowing the diagnosis, and its impact on mood. Materials and Methods: The study included 70 patients with various types of solid and hematologic cancer in early stages, which were followed up in an outpatient oncology/hematology clinic in Turkey between January, 2014 and June, 2014. Initially the caregivers of patients were asked whether the patients knew their diagnosis or not. A questionnaire for the Geriatric Depression Scale was then administered to the patients. Patient age, gender, marital status and education level were noted and analyzed with respect to knowing the diagnosis and depression. Results: Of the 70 patients, 40% of them were female. The mean age was $68.2{\pm}8.9$. The rate of the patients who does not know their diagnosis was 37.1% (n=26). The overall depression rate with GDS was found 37.1% (n=26) among the participants. There was no association with knowing the diagnosis (p=0.208) although the association between not knowing the diagnosis and age was significant (p=0.01). Conclusions: In this study we revealed no association between not knowing the diagnosis and depression in elderly patients. Contrary to what some has thought, the patient is not protected from psychological distress by not being informed about the diagnosis. We believe this study and similar ones will help to discuss and further explore patient autonomy, the principle of respect to self-determination and end of life issues in different cultures.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to know the relationship between job satisfaction and ego-identity with psychological well-being, and it will provide a basic information for The Office workers' psychological counseling through this research. To verify it, each level of job satisfaction, ego-identity, and psychological well-being has been measured from 264 office workers in Seoul, Gyunggi, and Incheon, and correlation analysis, regression analysis using SPSS 12.0 has been done. The result of this research is as follows. First, job satisfaction had shown slightly higher correlation with positive relationship with others of psychological well-being and objective orientation of ego-identity, and all the variables of ego-identity except for initiatives had shown a static correlation with psychological well-being. Second, job satisfaction had exercised influence over Positive relation with others, self-acceptance, purpose in life and personal growth but not over autonomy and environmental mastery. Third, initiatives among the sub-ordinate variables of ego-identity had exercised a negative influence over Positive relation with others among the sub-ordinate variables of psychological well-being. Fourth, objective orientation among the sub-ordinate variables of ego-identity had exercised a static influence over job satisfaction but identity confusion had exercised a negative impact. Fifth, as a result of observing an impact job satisfaction and ego-identity had exercised over psychological well-being, it had shown a high impact in general and in particular, purpose in life among the sub-ordinate variables was valued highly. Through these results, it could be expected that job satisfaction and ego-identity would be influenced to increase their objective orientation.