• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.73-82
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• 2017

Korea is the fifth largest producer of automobiles in the world, and this industry accounts for the highest portion of the entire manufacturing industry. It is an especially important industry occupying second place in the top 10 export items in Korea. Korea exports about 3 million units of cars produced in the country and abroad, based on new cars and excluding second hand cars. Japan, along with Korea, represents a high portion of the global automobile industry, and it exports more than 4 million cars to the rest of the world. In particular, both Korea and Japan export automobile and used cars produced within the country, almost all of them by PCC(Pure Car Carrier) or PCTC(Pure Car Truck Carrier). Therefore, automobile export ports are located near automobile factories, and are being used in export to foreign countries. However, there are inefficient problems, such as poor port facilities, yard space shortage for loading and unloading operations and lack of proficiency of cargo handling companies. As a result, there are delays in cargo operations, or ships waiting have occurred. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to measure and compare the efficiency of automobile export ports in Korea and Japan. To measure the efficiency of automobile export port, we used CRS and VRS models from DEA. The input and output parameters were set as length of quay, yard area and throughput of cars, and DMUs are 25 ports for evaluating the efficiency. As a result of the efficiency measurements, two Korean ports (Gwangyang and Ulsan) and three Japanes ports (Kanda, Omaezaki, Kanmon-Shimonoseki) showed high efficiency in both models. These results can be used to establish strategies for enhancing efficiency and competitiveness of automobile export ports in Korea and Japan.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.21-32
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• 2023

The domestic automobile industry is growing due to favourable government policies and changing technological innovations. As the automobile industry becomes more active, the role of dedicated docks facilitating automobile exports is also becoming prominent which can be identified as a sector still requiring comprehensive research. Accordingly, a case analysis of domestic automobile port productivity was conducted using empirical data collected from Korean automobile ports to compare and analyze their productivity and to present implications based on the findings. In the case of productivity analysis, facility, labor, working time, and cost productivity were calculated from (the beginning of) 2021 to the second quarter of 2022. The results of the analysis revealed the port D to achieve the highest productivity during the study period, followed by the ports B, C, and A, respectively. Based on the current situation of each automobile dock revealed through the results, strategies for future development is derived.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.147-168
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• 2019

This paper explores strategies for building an automobile logistics cluster in PyeongtaekDangjin Port, which needs to be developed and operated for automobile related value-added logistics services. The future of Korean automobile exports seems gloomy, but many domestic ports, including PyeongtaekDangjin Port, are struggling to secure a position as automobile ports by expanding port facilities to attract exports and transshipment vehicles. PyeongtaekDangjin Port is currently the best automobile port as it is under good conditions for building an automobile logistics cluster. Ssangyong Motor Co., Kia Motors Corp., Samsung Electronics Co., and LG Electronics Inc., which are located nearby, can secure enough land to build an automobile logistics cluster by developing a port distribution complex in the future. This will promote the sustainable development of PyeongtaekDangjin Port by creating a logistics hub, specifically an automobile logistics hub, which would allow diverse cultures and experiences to respond appropriately to future mobility development.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.127-136
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• 2017

The aim of this study is using DEA-CCR, BCC, and Malmquist analysis to determine the efficiency and productivity of Korean automobile ports. We analyzed eight Korean automobile port terminals, using the number of workers and size of ports as input variables and the number of processed car as output variables. An efficiency analysis of the eight automobile port terminals for the four-year span from 2013 to 2016 revealed efficiency levels of 1 for the CCR, BCC, and the scales for Ulsan port and the Gwangyang port terminal, indicating efficient operation of the terminals. As a result of benchmarking analysis, Gunsan port 1, 2 terminal, Incheon port, Pyeongtaek Dangjin 2 terminal should benchmark Busan Port and Ulsan Port. Conversely, Malmquist analysis showed a slight increase in the production volume from 2013 to 2015, but a decline to 1 or less from 2015 to 2016. In the case of TECI the technology was confirmed as effective at 1 or more from 2014 to 2015. The TCI value was 0.87 for the period from 2015 to 2016. During this period, the TCI index of all terminals was less than 1.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 1990

Low cost automatic welding machine is developed for the purpose of welding process automation of automobile parts with two dimensional welding joints. Developed gantry type machine is equipped with X, Y and roll axis stepping motors, and dirive units units are designed by two phase on drive scheme using shift registers. Control system is constructed by single board microcomputer of Z80A CPU, and also it is equipped with parallel input output ports and counter-timer chips. Linear and circular interpolation of welding head movement is accomplished by employing software digital differential analyzers. It has been shown that contour error of develped system is withi ${\pm}1.0mm$, meaning that the machine is suitable for CO2 arc welding process of automoble parts and is expected it's application to industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.225-231
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• 1997

This paper reports on the theoretical study of the delivery pressure ripples of a positive displacement vane pump which is widely used for automobile power steering. Pressure ripples occur due to the flow tipples which induced cam ring profiles and reverse flow from the delivery ports. In this paper, the mathematical model for analyzing the pressure ripples has been presented, and set of the differential equationshave been solved using the Runge-Kutta method. As the results of analysis, instant ideal flow ripples, internal pressure, delivery pressure ripples, and delivery flow ripples have been presented. Internal pressure was related to delivery pressure variations, and amplitude of pressure tipples was increased with rotational speed and delivery pressure.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.199-204
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• 2003

In the present study, the compression process in scroll compressor was simulated in consideration of flow leakage and heat transfer. Tangential and radial leakages of the refrigerant between the scrolls were considered as nozzle flow. The experiment was first conducted with a scroll compressor for automobile air conditioning system and R134a as a refrigerant. Temperature and pressure were measured at the suction and discharge ports of the compressor to determine the thermodynamic states of the refrigerant flow. Temperature distribution of the scroll with the involute angle was also measured by thermocouples that were installed inside the scroll. Measured temperature distribution was compared with the numerical results. From this result, the thermal effect of mechanical contact was found to be important in heat transfer of the compression process.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.550-556
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• 2020

Over the past years, the role of ports in the global network of supply chains has becoming increasingly important, not merely as a physical location for loading and unloading goods, but also as an essential center of economic activity where additional value is added to cargo. Due to the overall growing importance of ports, each country has chosen to adopt hub growth as a primary economic strategy. Northeast Asia in particular, due to its high population density, experiences intense competition between its ports. Busan's port, as a result, has used the establishment of Distripark in order to attract high and stable trade volume, and compete more effectively with other ports in the region. This study estimates the unit cost of the logistic process for the all principal cargos handled at Busan New Port, with the findings revealing that unit cost increases gradually starting with chemical products, LME bulk goods, automobile parts, LME containers, general cargoes, and LME inland transportation goods coming in last. Future research will look more closely at all all categories of cargo handled in the Distrpark of Busan New Port, thereby enabling us to better understand the value created by the port, and how to best implement effective trade volume-attraction strategy.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.199-214
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• 2022

A relative important analysis was conducted to determine what factors are required for port selection in Mokpo New Port and what needs to be addressed first in order to expand automobile and steel cargo handling. The port selection factors of Mokpo New Port were classified into 4 major and 13 intermediate categories, and AHP analysis was used. As a result, items such as 'port facilities', 'accessibility to international ports', 'port facility usage fees', and 'connectivity with neighboring cities/ports' were evaluated as important. The respondent groups were divided into shipowner and shipper, port operator and stevedore, and public official, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to verify if there was a difference in perception between the groups. As a result, shipowner and shipper, port operator and stevedore were similar, but there was a difference from public official group. Shipowner and shipper, port operator and stevedore with similar response characteristics were classified into the 'port practitioner' group, and public official were classified into the 'port policy maker' group, and the difference in perception between the group was tested. Therefore, there were differences in some major category items, and even in the intermediate category items such as 'possession of adjacent hinterland industrial complex', 'cargo equipment', '24-hour port operation', 'inland transportation cost', 'accessibility to international ports', 'marketing and incentives' with statistical. In other words, the 'port practitioner' group evaluated items that can increase cargo creation and handling productivity as important whereas the 'port policy maker' group considers port development and policies such as port infrastructure, connectivity with other ports, and incentive support items are more important.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.751-766
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• 2011

This study aims to grasp the hierarchy in the influence areas of port by the intensity of freight shipments and to seek the activating methods for the increase of export and import volumes of Pyeongtaek and Dangjin port. Pyeongtaek and Dangjin port whose major import and export freights are natural gas and automobile, were constructed for the increasing trade with People's Republic of China. This port is expanding the influence in the hinterland and foreland of the port, but core influence area of Pyeongtaek and Dangjin port is rich in trade volume within the radius of 70km. To become international as well as national ports, Pyeongtaek and Dangjin is required to execute the active policy to receive many-sideness of sea route and the recognition of freight holders, forwarders and ship companies in many regions.