• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.437-445
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors, smartphone usage-related dietary habits, and health-related lifestyles of higher grade students in elementary school according to risk level of smartphone overdependence. Subjects were 286 fifth and sixth grade students of elementary school in the Siheung and Ansan areas. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS v. 20.0. Based on scores of S-scale (smartphone overdependence scale for adolescents), subjects who used smartphone were classified into an overdependence group (ODG, n=52) and a normal group (NG, n=234). The ODG showed a significantly longer usage time than NG on both weekdays and weekends (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in total scores of nutrition knowledge between the ODG and NG. Average total scores of dietary attitude and dietary behavior in the ODG were significantly lower than in the NG (p<0.001). There were higher risks of ODG for skipping meals (OR=8.3, 95% CI=4.027-17.099), changing eating speed (OR=4.4, 95% CI=2.209-8.822), and changing meal amount due to smartphone usage (OR=2.9 95% CI=1.233-6.623). Therefore, education programs are needed to ensure proper dietary behaviors and habits among smartphone overdependent elementary school students.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.8
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• pp.157-182
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• 1981

The purpose of present study is to investigate children's attitude toward reading, reading method, reading environment, reading volume, and then to compare the results obtained by sex, area and grade. The tool used in this survey was a questionaire designed specially by the investigator. The questionaire was distributed to 1339 children selected at the descretion of the investigator with due consideration of sex, area(large city, medium city and rural community) and grade (from 2nd grade of primary school to 2nd year of middle school). The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1) Regional difference was observed in respect of the followiug : Awareness on reading, motivation for reading, reading method, activity after reading, number of books collected, reading guidance, how to obtain books to read, monthly reading volume, and reading tendency. 2) Also difference by grade was observed in respcet of the following ; Activity after reading, reading guidance, monthly reading volume and reading tendency. The following conclusions have been made based on the results of the survey: 1) The children's attitude toward reading and reading method may be considered favorable while reading environment is not satisfactory yet. Especially, reading environment of school children in medium cities and rural communities is worse than that of large cities. 2) No difference by sex was observed in respect of attitudes toward reading, reading method, reading environment and reading volume while difference by sex was observed in respect of reading tendency. The followings are recommended based on the results of survey: 1) To establish and carry out a comprehensive program for the improvement of reading environment of the school children in medium cities and rural communities. 2) To improve and substantiate school library facilities and design a proper guidance program to have children utilize school library to the maximum extent. 3) To contemplate on the consolidated measures for reading behavior survey.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.305-310
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• 2016

Background: Given the association between drinking hot tea and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, this study was designed to determine the effectiveness of an educational campaign based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in reducing hot tea consumption among a sample of Iranian female students. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 130 primary-school female students in Salas Babajani, Kermanshah, Iran were randomly selected. A two-month campaign based on TPB constructs was developed and conducted for the intervention group. Combined mass media approaches (such as posters, pamphlet, and brochure) with small group and individual activities were used to transfer the campaign messages. Also, five 40-minute instructional sessions for the students and one session for their parents and teachers were held. The hot tea consumption, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and no intention to drink hot tea were variables which were measured at baseline and again after 4 weeks. Results: There was a significant improvement in the perceived behavioral control and intention to drink no hot tea variables in the intervention group as compared to the control group following the campaign. In addition, significant reductions were found for the hot tea consumption and favorable attitude toward drinking hot tea in the intervention group as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Conducting educational campaigns based on TPB variables may reduce hot tea consumption among Iranian students.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.833-839
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate sodium consumption and related psychosocial factors among hypertensive patients and normal adults through questionnaire development. The Theory of Planned Behavior provided the basis for the study. The mean blood pressure of subjects was 117. 1 mmHg/78.55mgHg in normal adults(N-218), 159.65mmHg/102.05mmHg(systolic/diastolic) in hypertensive group(N=219) and the sodium consumption was 5219.4${\pm}$1821.3mg in normal adults and 4631.4${\pm}$1749.1mg in hypertensive group. The results of Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of being hypetensive group were increasd as subjects felt that dalty food (OR=1.5) (OR=0.8). The odds of beign hypertensive group increased as subject received more support. With respect to perceived control, the odds of being hypertensive group were increased as subjects felt more confident in contolling salty intake when spouse likes to take salty food(OR=1.4). In contrast, subjects felt less confident in contolling sodium consumption when they took medicine(OR=0.8). Study findings revealed that all three factors, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control contributed to the model for explaining intentions, with subjective norms being most important. This findings provided the empirical evidence for the TPB in explaining salt intake. This study suggest that educational interventions for hypertension patients focus on changing sodium consumption through changing attitude toward high sodium consumption, subjective norms, perceived control over reducing sodium consumption of specific situations, specially subjective norms and perceived control. In addition, interventions may include strategies to change attitudes toward sodium consumption by helping hypertensive patients realize negative beliefs and modifying positive beliefs and to elicit and maintain subjective norm from doctors, family and neighbors, and to increase control beliefs for reducing sodium consumption.(Korean J Nutrition 33(8) : 833-839, 2000)

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.46-58
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutrition intakes and factors related to dietary behaviors according to age in female. The subjects included 579 females aged 15 - 59 years. This survey was conducted using a selfadministered questionnaire to obtain data about eating behaviors, living habits, eating disorders by EAT-26 (Eating Attitude Test-26), and nutrition knowledge. In younger women aged 15 - 20 years, the living habits related to health such as smoking, drinking and exercising were undesirable. In addition, the younger women group had significantly higher levels of skipping meals and frequency of eating snacks compared to the older women group and their eating times were not regular. And they showed a lower score of health eating index by mini dietary assessment (MDA). Although, all age groups consumed energy, Ca, Fe, and thiamin below the Korean RDA; especially, in adolescent, Ca intakes ($67.1\%$ RDA) were extremely low. In addition, mean score of EAT-26 was significantly higher in young women aged 15 - 29 years than older women. Also, they had rather lower levels of accuracy and perception for nutrition knowledge compared to older age group. These results suggested that Korean adolescent had undesirable nutritional intakes and attitude, and nutrition knowledge, indicating inadequate eating behaviors. These poor dietary behaviors can affect the health status. Therefore, the nutrition counseling and education to help people to have correct nutrition knowledge and to form better eating habits needs to be established.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.363-372
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• 2017

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a relatively common condition of childhood onset and is of significant educational and social concern in elementary school. Investigating the determinants of teachers' attitudes and behavior and their relative importance is crucial for improving teaching practices and initial teacher education for effective inclusion of ADHD children. Based on two hundred and twenty seven survey responses from elementary school teachers, having experienced in dealing with ADHD students, this paper examines the age, gender, career and training-hours effects on the knowledge, attitude, stress and inclusive education involving ADHD children. The regression analysis shows that the gender influences the level of stress and that the training hours has some impact on the knowledge about ADHD at 5% significance level. However, the number of ADHD children experienced, age, gender, career and training-hours were identified as the non-significant predictors of teaching behavior in relation to ADHD children. As a conclusion, a brief discussion concerning the critical needs of elementary school teachers is also presented.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.639-654
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Many adolescents in developing countries skip breakfast. Innovative nutrition education (NE) strategies are needed to enhance knowledge and skills related to the breakfasts of adolescents in a low socioeconomic setting. The objective was to evaluate short- and long-term effects of a multi-strategy, school-based NE intervention on adolescents' breakfast-related personal influences and behaviors. SUBJECTS/METHODS: An intervention study with a cluster randomized controlled trial design was conducted in 4 senior high schools in Makassar, Indonesia. The multi-strategy NE intervention was delivered for 3 months. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and a 3-day breakfast recall (face-to-face interview). Wilcoxon, McNemar, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine intra- and intergroup differences. RESULTS: Unlike knowledge, improvement was observed in attitude and self-efficacy scores in the intervention groups (IGs) (P < 0.01); however, no significant changes were observed in the control group (CG). More students showed improved motivation in the IG than in the CG (P > 0.05). Changes in breakfast frequency and macronutrient intake from breakfast were greater in the IG than in the CG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A multi-strategy NE intervention is effective in producing positive changes in breakfast-related attitude, self-efficacy, and motivation of adolescents from a low-middle socioeconomic setting. The intervention improved breakfast frequency and nutrient intake. This intervention has promise for sustaining the observed changes over the long-term.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.44-55
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• 2011

This study examined the effects of RSM (Regional Science education resource Map), developed and provided by Busan metropolitan city Office of Education, at high schools in Busan. Two group of students, who were in the same level of achievement as well as other environmental conditions, participated in this study. Twenty nine of students as an experimental group experienced outdoor activities utilizing RSM, while thirty of students as a control group did not participate in any outdoor activities. The results indicated that compared to the control group of students, the experimental group of students represented a significant improvement in students' environmental attitudes, local ecological interest and eco-friendly behavior. The teachers who guided outdoor activities utilizing RSM suggested that RSM needs to be further subdivided by seasons as well as local districts. They also suggested that RSM needs to be linked with a school curriculum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.655-665
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to find out the Korean fashion brand purchasing behavior of Chinese woman college students who would be the one of major customers in Chinese market along with their preferences of Korean wave and fashion leadership. The data was collected from 379 Chinese female college students on Qingdao, China. The results based on the data analysis were as follows. 1. The students's preferences for Korean wave about Korean drama, popular song, films were relatively high. 2. Chinese female college students's evaluation of Korean fashion brand was high, especially, for the fashion trend, design/style, color, cutting and sewing, fitting, and material. However, they valued that its price was expensive. 3. The fashion leadership was classified as fashion innovation or fashion opinion leadership. 9.0% of the respondents were fashion dual leaders who were fashion innovator and fashion opinion leader. 4. The higher family income of the respondents was the better fashion leadership, preferences for Korean wave, perceived quality and attitude toward Korean fashion brand. The results showed that promotion strategy focused on keeping the Korean wave through drama, films, and popular song. And the development of high fashion brand and the word of mouth marketing through fashion dual leader were also needed in order to make inroads into China market.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.2-9
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• 1995

The present study was designed to observe whether nutritional education on children or mothers of the children who avoid to eat vegetables can improve the preferences for the vegetables of the subjects. The subjects were 45 children who are fourth to sixth grade of primary school in Bibong. They were assigned to one of three groups which are Control, Children Education and Mothers Education groups. Control group was not given any special education, while experimental groups were given nutritional education for 4 weeks. The effects of education was evaluated in the aspects of preference changes for vegetables, nutritional knowledge, attitude and food behavior of the subjects The results are summarized as follows. 1. Preferences to cucumber, lettuce, chinese cabbage and raddish were high in three groups while greenonion, onion, lotus roots and red pepper didn't suit for their taste. 2. Significantly increased scores for the preference to red pepper, pumpkin, Dorajee(root of chinese bell-flower), braken, mushroom was shown only in the children who had nutritional education while the children in the group of Mothers Education improved their preference only cabbage and lotus roots. 3. Nutritional knowledge of the children in Children Education group has improved significantly(p<0.05). While there was no significant difference between control and Mothers Education group. 4. When scores for food habit of mother and children were estimated, there was no significant difference among three groups. However, score of food habit in children was higher than that of mothers. 5. Food habit and nutrition knowledge of mother were not well corelated with dietary attitude and behavior of their children. These results indicate that the program of nutrition education in the present study can improve the food choice of children for vegetable and correct one-sided food habit. The program applied in this study would serve a kind of model for the dietetic teachers to guide the children who mainly dislikes vegetables.