• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.474-480
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to prepare the hardness of polyester(PET) fabric by thermal bonding with low melting component of bicomponent fiber and to describe the change of physical properties of thermal bonded PET fabrics. The PET fabrics were prepared with regular PET fiber as warp and bicomponent fiber as weft. The bicomponent fiber of sheath-core type were composed with a regular PET core and low melting PET sheath. The thermal bonding of PET fabric was carried out in pin tenter from 120 to $195^{\circ}C$ temperature range for 60 seconds. In this study, we investigated the physical properties and melting behavior of PET fiber and the effect of the temperature of the pin tenter on the thermal bonding, mechanical properties. Melting peak of warp showed the thermal behavior of general PET fiber. However, melting peak of weft fiber(bicomponent fiber) showed the double melting peak. The thermal bonding of the PET fabric formed at about temperature of lower melting peak. The optimum thermal bonding conditions for PET fabrics was applied at $190{\sim}195^{\circ}C$ for 60seconds by pin tenter. On the other hand, the tensile strength of the PET fabric decreased with an increasing temperature of thermal bonding.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.126-133
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• 2008

The main objective of the present study is to achieve linear temperature distribution of cooling surface of plunger. K type thermocouples are attached at the surface of plunger to measure temperature. Nozzle and insulating material are inserted in the pin hole of the plunger for this study. Cooling water flow enters at one nozzle and leaves at three nozzles. Flow through nozzle can be activated in the pin hole, temperature of hot point around hole is decreased. Meanwhile, insulating material blocks off heat transfer, temperature of cold point around hole is increased. By combination of nozzle and insulation, heat transfer of hole is controlled effectively, as result its, temperature of plunger surface shows linear temperature distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.54-59
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• 2018

In this study, the durability due to the fork shape of excavator bucket is investigated. The analysis is carried out by modelling the fork shape used in general. As the analysis condition, the pin is constrained as fixed support at the bucket and the load of 12000N is applied at the fork. As the study result, the maximum equivalent stresses at models 1 and 2 are shown as 56.895MPa and 54.722MPa respectively. Model 1 is shown to have the most deformation of 5.6686 mm among four models. Model 3 has the least deformation among four models and the maximum deformation of model 3 is shown as 4.948mm. The fatigue analyses are also carried out with three models. Each model shows the same fatigue lives under the identical fatigue loads. The damage part at each model is shown at the bucket pork or the pin connected with bucket. As this study result, the data is thought to contribute to the safety design at excavator bucket.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-3
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• 2004

This study were conducted to investigate pin-heading induction and growing temperature of Agaricus brunescens. The temperature for fruit body formation was better at $15^{\circ}C$ than at 18 and $21^{\circ}C$. As the temperature go up to $21^{\circ}C$, the fruit body number was decreased but the fruit body size and weight was increased. Optimal temperature for both pin-heading and growth of Agaricus brunescens was $18^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.156-161
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• 2022

The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence, occurrence pattern, and clinical outcomes of transfixation pinning and casting (TPC) for fractures in Korean native calves, and to identify the advantages of the procedure. The study investigated 52 cases of bone fractures documented from January 2017 to December 2020. Hindlimb fractures (72%) were the most common in bone fractures (n = 50). The distribution of fractures was highest in the tibia (n = 15), followed by the metatarsal (n = 12), femur (n = 9), radius/ulna (n = 8), metacarpal (n = 3), humerus (n = 3), mandible (n = 1), and caudal vertebrae (n = 1). All cases were diagnosed via radiographic evaluation. Closed fractures (86%) were the most common, followed by open fractures (14%). Surgery was performed on 34 calves using intramedullary pin (IM pin), TPC, cross pin, flexible wire (F-wire), and/or plate fixation. The rest of the calves were treated with external coaptation (n = 12) or were not treated (n = 6). Subsequently, 24 calves with follow-up records were evaluated in the bone fracture cases (n = 50). Bone union was observed in 15 (62%) calves; 3 (12%) calves showed non-union; 4 (16%) calves were dead after surgery; and 2 (8%) calves were euthanized at the owner's request. Among the 24 follow-up surgery cases, the most successful cases were tibia fractures (75%) surgically treated using TPC and/or IM pin. These findings suggest that TPC surgery is effective in the management of fractures in Korean native calves.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.204-209
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• 2017

Ingestion of foreign body in children is a relatively common problem among paediatric population. The foreign bodies mostly pass spontaneously through the gastrointestinal tract. However, complications can occur according to its anatomical location, the characteristics of the foreign body, and delays in management. Although the cases of ingested button batteries or sharp objects impacted at the gastrointestinal tract can be very serious, there have been very only a few cases have reported colonoscopic removal of these dangerous foreign bodies in adults, and there have been no case reports in children. We report one case of a button battery and one case of an open safety pin, both impacted in the terminal ileum that had moved from the stomach within a few hours of ingestion and were eventually managed by colonoscopy without any complications.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.345-355
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• 2019

Use of the reconstructed fuel assemblies from partially burnt nuclear fuel pins is analyzed. This reutilization option is a potential candidate technique to make better use of the nuclear resources. Standard two step method is used to calculate node i.e. fuel assembly average burnup and then pin by pin ${\eta}$ values are reconstructed to ascertain the residual reactivity in the used fuel pins. Fuel pins with ${\eta}$ > 1:0 are used to reconstruct to-be-reused fuel assemblies. These reconstructed fuel assemblies are burnt during the cycle 3, 4, 5 and 6 of a 1000 MW PWR core by replacing fresh, once burnt and twice burnt fuel assemblies of the reference core configurations. It is concluded that using reconstructed fuel assemblies for the fresh fuel affect dearly on the cycle length (>50 EFPD) when more than 16 fresh fuel assemblies are replaced. However, this loss is less than 20 days if the number of fresh fuel assemblies is less than eight. For the case of replacing twice burned fuel, cycle length could be increased slightly (10 days or so) provided burnt fuel pins from other reactors were also available. Reactor safety parameters, like axial off set (< ${\pm}10%$), Doppler temperature coefficient (<0), moderator temperature coefficient at HFP (<0) are always satisfied. Though, 2D and 3D pin peaking factors are satisfied (<1:55) and (<2:52) respectively, for the cases using eight or less reconstructed fuel assemblies only.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.399-405
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• 2009

This paper proposes a design of attenuator based on meta-material structure and its application. The unit-cell attenuator based on the lossy transmission line consists of the CRLH(Composite Right/Left Handed) transmission line and PIN diodes to be controlled internal loss according to diode bias voltage to change resistance of diode. Also, to reduce the initial losses, there is used parallel connection of PIN diodes. To increase attenuations, it is connected a cascade unit-cell of attenuator with periodic structure. The attenuation quantities of unit-cell are about 10dB and phase variations are 15o maximum at 1.5 GHz ~ 2.5 GHz. Also, its application is represented a vector modulator.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1457-1460
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• 2019

In this paper, we proposed the development of a mixed sensor parts for integrated radiation exposure protection fireman's life-saving alarm that can be location-tracked and irradiated. To measure radiation exposure dose, we use the PIN-Diode radiation measurement sensor module, a semi-conductive radiation measurement sensor that can minimize size and weight. The design for removing leakage current is carried out to enhance the characteristics of the radiation measurement sensor using PIN-Diode. The IMU sensor module is used to estimate the location of the current fireman at the same time as the accident estimate by adding together the data and the values for acceleration on the three axis. Experiments were conductied by an authorized testing agency to determine the efficiency of the proposed mixed sensor parts for integrated radiation exposure protection fireman's life-saving alarms. The cumulative dose measurement range was measured in the range of 10 μSv to 10 mSv, the highest level in the world. The accuracy was measured from ±6.3% to ±9.0% (137 Cs) and normal operation was found at the international standard of ±15%. In addition, positional accuracy was measured within ±10%, resulting in a high level of results, demonstrating its effectiveness. Therefore, it is expected that more firemen will be able to provide with superior performance integrated radiation exposure protection fireman life-saving alarm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.106-109
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• 2004

In this project, we have developed the eye-safe LRF system of 1.54 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ wavelength using OPO. The maximum measured distance was 3.7km in outdoor experiment. We used Nd：YAG (1064nm) as a laser medium. It was applied BBO to construct the system. We also developed a time-counter for the range finder using a method of TOF (time of flight). The counter-clock used at the time counter was 320MHz making resolution within $\pm$1m. Start and stop signals were detected by two channel systems using PIN and APD. The LRF's repetition rate was 4 times per minute. The energy was measured to be over 9mJ. And, pulse-duration was 23ns. Resolution was $\pm$2m at the distance measurement using a target.