• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.188-203
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• 2008

Purpose : Asthma is one of the most common chronic childhood disease. Education of asthmatic children and their families about asthma and its management may improve disease control, reduce symptoms, and improve school performance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an intensive asthma education program in asthmatic children and their families on outcome measure of asthma management behavior scale, knowledge about asthma, self efficacy scale and quality of life. Methods : Fifteen asthmatic children and their families were invited the intensive asthma education program which including allergen avoidance, management of asthma, correct use of the inhalation devices and control of exercise-induced asthma (study group). Fifteen asthmatic children and their families those who did not participate this program were served as control group. Participants were asked to complete a written questionnaire before and 3-month after the program. Results : After completing the intensive education program, significant improvement of the childrens asthma management behavior scale (27.1 vs. 32.2, P=0.011), belief and knowledge about asthma (14.2 vs. 17.9, P<0.001), self efficacy (47.9 vs. 49.7, P=0.091) and quality of life (79.6 vs. 88.6, P<0.001) was noted in the study group by measuring questionnaires. There are increasing tendencies in parental asthma management behavior scale and knowledge about asthma. Conclusion : This intensive asthma education program is effective in improving asthma control, self efficacy and quality of life of asthmatic children. This should serve as a national model for family-based programs for asthmatic children and their families.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.339-346
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• 2006

Background: There has no known epidemiologic survey on the frequency of complementary-alternative medicine (CAM) use in the treatment of adult asthma in Korea. This study examined the current use of CAM by asthma patients in Korea. Methods: One hundred adults with asthma, who had been admitted to Kyunghee university hospital between January 2000 and December 2003, were enrolled in this survey. They received a structured questionnaire interview and a clinical assessment of prevalence and pattern of CAM use. Results: 53% patients had an experience of at least one type of CAM during their asthma management. Users of CAM had more hospital visits than those who had never used CAM($1.46{\pm}0.68$ vs. $2.11{\pm}1.20$, p=0.001). Those in their $50^{th}$ decades had more experience of CAM (80%) than the other age groups. The methods of CAM used by our patients are as follows: Diet/nutritional therapy in 35 patients(69%), herbal therapy in 28 patients(53%), acupuncture in 9 patients(17%), moxa treatment in 6 patients(11%), breathing exercises in 1 patient(2%). Conclusions: More than 50% of patients with bronchial asthma have used CAM. A more detailed and large scaled study will be needed to define the actual status of the use of CAM in the treatment for asthma. Inaddition, further research on the scientific validation of the clinical efficacy of CAM in asthma management should be followed.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2002

Background: In order to characterize human antibodies with specificity for mite allergens at the molecular level, a scFv phage display library was constructed using peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes from an asthma patient allergic to mite as Ig gene sources. Methods: Immunoglobulin $V_H$ and V gene fragments were obtained by polymerase chain reaction, and randomly combined in pCANTAB-5E vector. The resulting human scFv phage display library had $3{\times}10^4$ independent clones, and biopanning was performed with house dust mite extracts. Results: Four scFv clones specific for house dust mite extract were isolated. Immunoblot assay showed that our clones reacted to 25 kDa and 50~60 kDa proteins with unknown identity in mite extracts. Sequence analysis indicated that two clones (b7 and c15) are identical, and all clones belong to human $V_H3$ subgroup. On the other hand, light chain usage was different in that two clones (a2 and b7 / c15) belonging to V ${\kappa}4$ subgroup, but a4 used V ${\kappa}1$ light chain gene. Conclusion: Our approach should facilitate provision of useful information on the antibody responses against allergens at the molecular level in humans.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.371-381
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scenario and evaluate students' performance in simulation learning of care for patients with asthma in emergency units. Methods: Meetings of experts were used to develop a scenario based on actual patients and textbook material. An evaluation protocol was developed to evaluate the simulation learning. The scenario was used in 2006 with six groups of 26 senior nursing students who participated voluntarily. Results: The scenario was developed according to the nursing process for 15 minutes of simulation learning. The nursing students were able to demonstrate their knowledge and skills. The results showed a need to improve problem solving ability. In the self-evaluation, the students reported that simulation learning helped them to integrate their knowledge to practice and recognize their weaknesses and strengths. However, the scores for self-confidence about patient care after the simulation learning were low (4.8/10). Conclusion: The scenario in this study gave the students the experience of providing qualified and secure nursing care under conditions similar to reality. Further development of a variety of scenarios for simulation learning is needed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.496-506
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a virtual reality simulation and a blended simulation on nursing care for children with asthma through an evaluation of critical thinking, problem-solving processes, and clinical performance in both education groups before and after the educational intervention. Methods: The participants were 48 nursing students. The experimental group (n=22) received a blended simulation, combining a virtual reality simulation and a high-fidelity simulation, while the control group (n=26) received only a virtual reality simulation. Data were collected from February 25 to 28, 2019 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows. Results: The pretest and posttest results of each group showed statistically significant improvements in critical thinking, problem-solving processes, and clinical performance. In a comparison of the results of the two education groups, the only statistically significant difference was found for critical thinking. Conclusion: Simulation-based education in child nursing has continued to involve high-fidelity simulations that are currently run in many programs. However, incorporating a new type of blended simulation, combining a virtual reality simulation and a high-fidelity simulation, into the nursing curriculum may contribute to the further development of nursing education.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.64-71
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• 2020

Objectives To report an improved case with Taeeumin Mahwangjeongcheon-tang on the patient with chronic bronchitis caused by an inhalation injury. Methods The patient had been suffered from cough, sputum, dyspnea, and chest discomfort for 15 years. He was diagnosed as Taeeumin Esophageal Cold Pattern and was given Mahwangjeongcheon-tang according to Sasang constitutional medical theory. The clinical asthma measurement scale in oriental medicine(CAMSOM-V), quality of life questionnaire for adult Korean asthmatics(QLQAKA), and Spirometry were performed to evaluate the improvement of his symptoms. Results The clinical asthma measurement scale in oriental medicine(CAMSOM-V) improved from 16 to 14 points and the quality of life questionnaire for adult Korean asthmatics(QLQAKA) improved from 55 to 67 points. In spirometry, forced vital capacity improved from 3.07 to 3.59, and forced expiratory volume in 1sec improved from 2.59 to 2.84 after 4 weeks. Conclusion This report suggests that Mahwangjeongcheon-tang is effective for chronic bronchitis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.813-822
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• 1995

Background: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and abnormal response such as a loss of distensibility are pathophysiologic characteristics if bronchial asthma. The only means of direct in vivo measurement of airway size had been a tantalium bronchography, until high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) enabled to measure noninvasively two dimensional airway area more accurately and reliably. Method: To investigate airway area responses to bronchial provocation with methacholine and evaluate the major sites of bronchial constriction in patients with bronchial asthma. We examined HRCT scans in five patients with bronchial asthma who had significant bronchoconstriction(20% or more decrease in $FEV_1$) using CT scanner(5,000T CT, Shimadzu Co, Japan) before and in 3~5 min. after methacholine inhalation. Airways which were matched by parenchymal anatomic landmarks in each patient before and after methacholine inhalation were measured using film scanner(TZ-3X scanner; Truvel Co. Chatsworth CA, USA) and a semiautomated region growing method. Results: 1) We identified 9 to 12 airways in each patient which were matched by parenchymal anatomic landmarks before and after methacholine inhalation. 2) Airway responses to methacholine are quite different even in a patient. 3) The constriction of small airways(average diameter <2 mm; area < $3.14mm^2$) was 48.7%(8.3; SEM, n=43), being more prominant than that of large airways(average diameter >2 mm; area > $3.14mm^2$), 53.8% (4.4;SEM, n=10), but not significantly different(p>0.05). 4) There was no significant difference in the degree of constriction between upper(44.3% +5.8; mean + SEM, n=30) and lower lung regions(56.7% +4.5, n=23). Conclusions: Thus airway responses to methacholine bronchoprovocation is quite variable in a patient with bronchial asthma and has no typical pattern in patients with bronchial asthma.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.497-503
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• 2011

Objectives : To assess the effect of Bojungiki-tang for symptomatic management in stable asthmatic patients after initial treatment. Methods : Outcome measures of asthmatic patients were recorded using patient's charts and inquiry. Compared with the patient's state right after they got their treatment, "Excellent" was if it was almost the same state, "Good" was if the patient's state was maintained for almost 70%, "Fair" was for 50%, "Poor" was for under 50% or if the patient required another treatment. Results : Of 25 patients, 21 used Bojungiki-tang for more than one month and 20 maintained a stable state, that is, feeling more than 70% of symptom control compared with previous best status. Conclusions : Bojungiki-tang has a good effect for maintaining asthma after treatment.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2001

Background and Objectives： Primary benign masses in subglottis and trachea are rare. Symptoms of tracheal obstruction are similar to those of bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, as well as malignant lesions. Materials and Methods： Eight patients with benign tracheal masses from April 1992 through June 2001, at otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. department of Seoul national university hospital were studied by retrospective medical record review. Results : They were 3 females and 5 males aged from 0 to 57 years. The pathologies of the intratracheal masses were lipoma. tuberculosis, pleomorphic adenoma, hemangioma(two case), reparative giant cell granuloma, epithelial inclusion cyst and nonspecific lymphadenopathy, respectively. The most characteristic symptoms were dyspnea and stridor, both inspiratory and expiratory. Five of them had been treated as bronchial asthma. Conclusion： For the management of patients with the subglottis and tracheal masses, it is important to establish secure airway. regardless of pathology of the masses. The diagnosis should be considered in any patient with asthma-like manifestation, especially who fails to respond to medical treatment. It is necessary to examine the airway thoroughly, and chest and simple cervical X-ray may contribute to the diagnosis of possible intratracheal mass.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2023

Purpose: Sublingual immunotherapy is currently promoted by various companies, with administration schedules variable in the different products even though almost all are standardized immunologically. So, this study was planned to examine the efficacy of simple nondaily dosing of sublingual immunotherapy instead of the widely used daily schedule. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma were enrolled. Sublingual immunotherapy (manufactured at the allergen immunotherapy preparation unit at Mansoura University) was given in suitable bottles with a dropper mechanism that permits comfortable dosing under the tongue. The physician recommended that the patient put the drops under his/her tongue and leave the drops beneath the tongue for 2 minutes before swallowing. This was repeated every 3 days, with the drop number and concentration gradually rising. Results: After 2 months of follow-up, 65.8% responded partially to the symptom score and 26.3% responded completely to the medication score. There was a significant decline in the symptom and medication scores from the baseline scores (p<0.0001). After 4 months of follow-up, 95.8% responded partially to symptom scores and no one has not responded; 54.2% responded completely to medication scores; and 81% of studied patients had no side effects. However, the most frequent side effect was a sore throat. Conclusion: Our nondaily schedule of sublingual immunotherapy is tolerable, safe, and effective in patients with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.