Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Effects of an intensive asthma education program on asthmatic children and their caregivers

천식 환아와 보호자를 대상으로 한 집중 교육 프로그램의 효과

  • Seo, Kang Jin (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Gun Ha (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Yu, Byung Keun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Yeo, Yun Ku (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Jong Hoon (Department of Medical School, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Shim, Eu Ddeum (Department of Medical School, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Yoon, Mi Ri (Department of Medical School, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Yoo, Young (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University,) ;
  • Choung, Ji Tae (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University)
  • 서강진 (고려대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김건하 (고려대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 유병근 (고려대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 여윤구 (고려대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김종훈 (고려대학교 의과대학 의학과) ;
  • 심으뜸 (고려대학교 의과대학 의학과) ;
  • 윤미리 (고려대학교 의과대학 의학과) ;
  • 유영 (고려대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 정지태 (고려대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2007.09.10
  • Accepted : 2007.10.13
  • Published : 2008.02.15
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Abstract

Purpose : Asthma is one of the most common chronic childhood disease. Education of asthmatic children and their families about asthma and its management may improve disease control, reduce symptoms, and improve school performance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an intensive asthma education program in asthmatic children and their families on outcome measure of asthma management behavior scale, knowledge about asthma, self efficacy scale and quality of life. Methods : Fifteen asthmatic children and their families were invited the intensive asthma education program which including allergen avoidance, management of asthma, correct use of the inhalation devices and control of exercise-induced asthma (study group). Fifteen asthmatic children and their families those who did not participate this program were served as control group. Participants were asked to complete a written questionnaire before and 3-month after the program. Results : After completing the intensive education program, significant improvement of the childrens asthma management behavior scale (27.1 vs. 32.2, P=0.011), belief and knowledge about asthma (14.2 vs. 17.9, P<0.001), self efficacy (47.9 vs. 49.7, P=0.091) and quality of life (79.6 vs. 88.6, P<0.001) was noted in the study group by measuring questionnaires. There are increasing tendencies in parental asthma management behavior scale and knowledge about asthma. Conclusion : This intensive asthma education program is effective in improving asthma control, self efficacy and quality of life of asthmatic children. This should serve as a national model for family-based programs for asthmatic children and their families.

목 적 : 천식은 만성적인 질환으로 일상생활에서 적절한 치료와 관리를 수행하는 것이 매우 중요하며 이를 위해서는 천식 환아와 보호자 모두의 노력이 필요하다. 이에 천식 환아와 보호자를 대상으로 천식 교육 프로그램을 실시하여 그 효과를 평가해 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 고려대학교 안암병원 소아 알레르기 클리닉에서 천식으로 진단 받은 환아들 중 천식 집중 교육 프로그램에 참가한 15가족을 교육 참가군으로 선정하였고, 교육 프로그램에 참가하지 않은 천식 환아 15가족을 대조군으로 하였다. 교육 참가군은 프로그램 시작 직전과 3개월 후, 대조군은 같은 기간에 3개월의 간격을 두고 각각 2회씩 설문조사를 시행하여 천식 환아와 보호자의 천식관리 이행 정도와 천식 인식도, 천식 환아의 자기 효능감 및 삶의 질의 변화를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 교육 참가군에서 교육 프로그램 참가 후 천식 환아의 자가관리 이행 정도(교육 전; 27.1점 vs. 교육 후; 32.2점, P=0.011), 천식 인식도(14.2점 vs. 17.9점, P<0.001), 자기 효능감 평가 항목(42.2점 vs. 45.0점, P=0.091) 중 문제 해결 능력(12.5점 vs. 14.2점, P=0.012), 삶의 질(79.6점 vs. 88.6점, P<0.001)에서 통계적으로 유의하게 점수가 높아졌으며 보호자의 천식관리 이행 정도(39.9점 vs. 42.1점, P=0.199)와 천식 인식도(15.8점 vs. 16.9점, P=0.178)는 약간 높아졌으나 통계적으로 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 대조군에서는 천식 환아의 천식 인식도 중 천식의 급성 증상과 만성질환으로서의 천식에 대한 이해(4.1점 vs. 5.2점, P=0.025)와 삶의 질 중 정서적 활동(77.7점 vs. 84.3점, P=0.023)에 대한 영역에서 유의하게 점수가 증가하였으나 다른 항목에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으며 보호자의 천식관리 이행 정도와 천식 인식도에서는 변화가 없었다. 결 론 : 천식 집중 교육 프로그램을 통하여 천식 환아들의 삶의 질, 자가 관리 이행 정도, 자기 효능감, 천식 인식도 등을 향상 시킬 수 있었으며, 이러한 프로그램을 더욱 많이 개발하고 시행하여 천식 환아들의 천식 관리가 잘 이루어 질 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국 보건사회연구원

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