• Ceramist
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.58-71
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• 2006

Scaling of the gate stack has been one of the major contributors to the performance enhancement of CMOSFET devices in past technology generations. The scalability of gate stack has diminished in recent years and alternative gate stack technology such as metal electrode and high-k dielectrics has been intensively studied during the last decade. Tody the performance of high-k dielectrics almost matches that of conventional $SiO_2-based$ gate dielectrics. However, many technical challenges remain to be resolved before alternative gate stacks can be introduced into mainstream technology. This paper reviews the research in alternative gate stack technologies to provide insights for future research.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.103-133
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• 2016

The valuation of patented technology has been recently emphasized, and the patent citation is known as an important factor. This study performed a generalized linear model to find variables that effect the patent citation. We classified 13 variables as morphological, technological and conceptual factors and used them to find out effective variables in 14 medical devices classification. Through the empirical study, we found seven effective variables (assignee nationality, assignee character, the number of inventors, the number of application countries, the number of IPC, the number of references, the strength of bibliographic coupling). In order to apply to Korean industry, this study has significance that provides basic research to citation analysis model.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.235-241
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• 2015

Nowadays, research and industry on the internet of things is rapidly developing. Bug fixed field of the Software development related internet of things is a very important things. In this study, we analyze the properties that can affect what the bug fix-time by analyzing the time required to fix a bug associated with the Internet of Things. Using the k-NN classification method based on the attribute information to be classified as bug reports. Extracts a bug report based on the results of a similar property. Bug fixed by calculating the time of a similar bug report predicts the fix-time for new bugs. Depending on the prediction of the properties that affect the bug correction time, the properties of os, component, reporter, and assignee showed the best prediction accuracy.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.635-644
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• 2008

Geophysical prospecting technologies are employed to environmental site assessments and monitoring, subsurface investigation, geologic hazard monitoring since they are able to provide information and imaging regarding the subsurface. In this study, we carried out several analysis on patent documents for the geophysical prospecting technologies. The patents including abstracts, claims and drawings from 1976 up to 2005 were surveyed and 904 patents were collected finally. The patents were investigated as to countries, years, assignees and technologies. Furthermore, we carried out the comparative analysis for technological level of assignee countries with United States patents. The top 5 assignee countries are United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Norway and France. Especially United States and United Kingdom play important role in this area as holding 663 patents.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

This study analyzes the relationship of citations appearing in the patent data to understand knowledge transfers and impacts between patent documents in the field of pharmaceutical research. Patent data were collected from a website, Google Patents. The top 25 assignees were selected by searching for patent documents related to pharmaceutical research. We identify the citation relationships between assignees, then calculate and compare the values of h-index and derived indicators by using the number of citations and rank for each document of each assignee. As a result, in the case of pharmaceutical research, the assignee, such as 'Pfizer, MIT, and Abbott' shows a high impact. Among the five bibliometric indicators, the g-index and hS-index show similar results, and the indicators are the most related to the rankings of Total Citation Frequency, Cites per Patents, and Maximum Citation Frequency. In addition, it is highly related to the five indicators in the order of Total Citation Frequency, Cites per Patents, and Maximum Citation Frequency. In some cases, it is difficult to make an accurate comparison with Cites per Patents alone, which is previously known to indicate the technological influence of patent assignees.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-115
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• 2014

Offshore wind power has been extremely popular in recent years, and in the energy technology field, relevant research has been increasingly conducted. However, research regarding patent portfolios is still insufficient. The purpose of this research is to study the status of mainstream offshore wind power technology and patent portfolios and to investigate major assignees and countries to obtain a thorough understanding of the developmental trends of offshore wind power technology. The findings may be used by the government and industry for designing additional strategic development proposals. Data mining methods, such as multiple correspondence analyses and k-means clustering, were implemented to explore the competing technological and strategic-group relationships within the offshore wind power industry. The results indicate that the technological positions and patent portfolios of the countries and manufacturers are different. Additional technological development strategy recommendations were proposed for the offshore wind power industry.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.239-247
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• 2020

Technological convergence is yielding new values and affecting various fields not by single technology but by convergence between technologies. This study aims to analyze the IT -BT-NT convergence and differences between technologies in respect of collaboration within (inventor) and between (assignee) organizations. Among the main technologies leading the technological convergence, IT is the most active of converging with other fields. BT is knowledge-intensive and strong cooperative networks are important in this area. NT is applied in various industrial fields upon the basic technology. Using the data on applied and granted patents by Korean applicants in the U.S., this study conducted quantitative analysis and ANOVA to gain the following results. First, the degree of convergence in between IT-BT-NT is continuously increasing since 2002. Second, BT is where the collaboration within and between organizations is the most active among IT-BT-NT. Third, there were certain differences in the degree of convergence according to the years and the fields of technologies in all the IT-BT-NT. Organizations cooperate with other institutions to sustain their competitiveness with limited internal resources. Companies in these fields are recommended to perform diverse strategies to pursue further collaboration with the outside.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.205-222
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• 2010

A patent is a right of intellectual properties to an inventor or its assignee for a limited period under an international law. Not only in an invention of new machines, but it is competitive for using and creating technology in the world based on the patents. Most of the business models are good examples for patented technology, however a statistical analyzing model could be another one. In this paper we study and analyze the patents for the statistical analyzing and data mining models which are currently applied and registered, and suggest a statistical tool for analyzing and categorizing patent data. For this study all the patents in Korea and U.S. are listed and searched to sample the only cases concerning statistics.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.141-150
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• 2021

This short review on the chemistry, pharmacological properties and patents of obovatol and obovatal from Magnolia obovata is the first publication. Pharmacological properties are focused on anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet and neuroprotective activities. Obovatol and obovatal were first isolated from the leaves of M. obovata. Also reported in the bark and fruits of M. obovata, obovatol and obovatal are neolignans i.e., biphenolic compounds bearing a C-O coupling. Other classes of compounds isolated and identified from M. obovata include sesquiterpene-neolignans, dineolignans, trineolignan, lignans, dilignans, phenylpropanoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, sesquiterpenes, ketone and sterols. The anti-cancer properties of obovatol and obovatal involve apoptosis, inhibition of the growth, migration and invasion of cancer cell lines. However, obovatol displays cytotoxicity against cancer cells but not obovatal. Similarly, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, neuroprotective, anxiolytic and other pharmacological activities were only observed in obovatol. The disparity in pharmacological properties of obovatol and obovatal may be attributed to the -CHO group present in obovatal but absent in obovatol. From 2007 to 2013, eight patents were published on obovatol with one mentioning obovatal. They were all published at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office by scientists of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) as inventors and assignee, respectively. Some future research and prospects are suggested.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.31-53
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• 2022

This paper examines various legal issues related to the assignment of monetary rights under UNIDROIT Principles. To this end, this paper examines the concept and the effects of the assignment of rights, the related legal structure and notice to the obligor, and some uses in practice (II). Then, as a matter of law in the context of the assignment of monetary rights under UNIDROIT Principles, this paper examines what may happen to the legal relationship between the parties and what practical considerations need to be taken by them when the obligor has legal defenses against the assignor, when successive assignments are made by the assignor, when the obligor exercises against the assignee its right of set-off before receiving the notice of assignment, when the assigned right does not exist at the time of the assignment, when any payment is received from the obligor before the notice of assignment is given, and finally when the obligor becomes insolvent or refuses to pay.