• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.59-83
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• 2020

This paper examines the actions and the factors driving those actions to reduce energy consumption and enhance energy efficiency taken by United States cities. While not much empirical evidence is available on why governments pursue practical sustainability actions, we attempt to shed more light on this important topic by empirically identifying factors that contribute to concrete actions toward sustainability policies. We adopt political market theory as a basic theoretical framework with policy-making applied to city energy consumption. Using the 2010 ICMA (local government sustainability policies and program) data, this study expands the focus of analyses to evaluate the effect of the form of government on energy consumption and energy efficiency by using multiple regression analysis. The findings show that at the city level, the mayor-council form of government are negatively associated with governments' efforts to reduce energy consumption. However, cities with at-large elections and municipal ownership are more likely to adopt sustainability actions. We also find that a large-scale economy has significant effects on the effort to reduce city energy consumption and improve energy efficiency. This shows that environmental policies are directly connected to locally relevant affairs, including housing, energy use, green transportation, and water. Thus, local level administrators could take an executive role to protect the environment, encourage the development of alternative energy, and reduce the use of fossil fuel and coal energy. These efforts can lead to important environmental ramifications and relevant actions by municipal governments.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2015

최근 글로벌 경제 위기와 동북아 주변 국가간의 경쟁이 심화되고 중국 일본 등의 외환정책 변화로 불확실성이 증가됨에 따라 국내 대기업주동의 성장 동력이 심각한 한계상황에 직면하고 있다. 따라서 새로운 성장 동력 창출과 지속적인 성장을 위한 '창조 경제' 실현을 위하여 글로벌 통상을 주도해 나갈 창조 인재 양성과 통상관련 창업에 대한 사회적 교육에 대한 욕구가 증대 되고 있다. 그러나 창조융합 기반의 제도적 창업 지원 체계 및 창업 교육을 통해 배양된 창의성, 도전정신 등을 다양한 통상영역에 능동적으로 적용하고 활용할 수 있는 데에는 시간적 공간적인 제약이 따른다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시간과 장소에 제약 없이 창업교육을 할 수 있는 온라인 창업 교육이 창업에 가장 중요한 요소인 기업가정신에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 온라인 교육 환경이 창업 교육프로그램에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라, 창업교육 에서 프로그램과 온라인 교육 환경은 기업가정신에 긍적적인 영향을 발견할 수 있었다. 따라서 시간과 공간의 제약이 없는 온라인 창업 교육을 강화하여 글로벌 청년 창업 인재를 육성한다면 통상 강국을 이룰 수 있을 것이다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2019

The study aims to build a model for evaluating the effectiveness of activities and the effectiveness of financial investments in high-tech industries in Kazakhstan. The development of high-tech industries plays an important role in the economic growth of a country. In this regard, it is relevant to study the effectiveness of financing the most important industry in Kazakhstan. The development of the high-tech sector ensures the efficient functioning of the national innovation system. High-tech enterprises are one of the competitive sectors that allow us to develop and implement leading-edge innovations with the goal of their subsequent commercialization domestically and abroad. The author defines the multicriteria of efficiency in a knowledge-based economy associated with achieving an economic effect with multivariate correlation of results with costs. A multivariate dynamic model, an integral indicator of performance, an integral indicator of cost-effectiveness is proposed. The assessment of the effectiveness of financial costs and performance indicators in all regions of Kazakhstan have the positive dynamics of indicators, as well as a high economic effect. The results of the study can be applied in regional management to adequately assess the effectiveness of high-tech organizations and the effectiveness of financial investments, contribution to ensuring the economic security of the region.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2009

Gwangju Metropolitan Government & Ministry of Environment have signed a model city in response to Climate Change agreement. The agreement calls for Gwangju to cut greenhouse gas emissions 10% below 2005 levels by 2015. Gwangju has seen this agreement as an opportunity to cut pollution and conserve the environment as well as to reinvigorate local economy. According to policy of Gwangju, Gwangju held design competition for Gwangju City Arboretum on march, 2009. The purpose of design competition was to give a wide publicity to Gwangju as Hub City of Asian Culture and construct carbon-neutral arboretum in accordance with the policy of 'Low-Carbon and Green Growth'. First of all, a design concept of arboretum is 'winding, round, overlay 'to reflect the landscape of Nam-do which is surrounded by mountains and river flows through the village. Second, the arboretum has five different places with these themes - Forest of Festivals, Health, Nature, Nostalgia, Education and Future. Each place has a symbolic theme park and different flow planning respectively. Third, the most critical point is that the arboretum is a carbon-neutral park. Gwangju arboretum will soon be developed in metropolitan sanitary landfill and constructed as the O2 arboretum based on low carbon strategy. Fourth, the O2 arboretum suggests specialized issue : 'Energy Saving', 'Recycling System', 'Green Network', 'Water System(rainwater maintenance and wetland development)'. Besides, main buildings(greenhouse, visitor center, Nam-do experience exhibition hall, and forest museum) is designed in consideration of harmony with topography character, surroundings. Also, planting will be a multilayer plant based on native landscape trees in consideration of function and the growth characteristics.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제76권
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• pp.31-60
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• 2016

중국은 이렇게 말한다. '대국이 우뚝 섰다(대국굴기). 그 파장 효과는 상당하다. 중국의 부상은 특히 한국에 위기이자 기회다. 문화산업도 마찬가지다. 중국은 사회주의 대중문화를 생산하여 소비를 촉진하고, 사회의식을 관리하려 한다. 동시에 중국은 국제적으로 문화굴기를 지향한다. 디지털화, 시장화, 지구화를 추진하는 중국은 미디어, 채널, 정보생산을 계속해서 늘려 왔다. 콘텐츠 부족은 필연적이었다. 그래서 중국은 다른 나라의 미디어, 저널리즘, 대중문화, 정보기술 등을 수입하고, 투자를 해서 대중문화 시장을 만들어 가고 있다. 이 연구는 중국 문화산업이 한국 문화 시장에 진출하여 많은 변화를 일으키고 있는 현상이 예사롭지 않다고 보고 그들의 행태를 연구하였다. 중국의 문화 시장과 미디어 정책을 분석하고, 이들이 한국 문화 시장에서 어떤 행태를 보이는지 살폈다. 논의 결과 중국은 미국을 비롯한 세계 곳곳에서 문화굴기를 시작하고 있으며, 그중 한국이 중화문화패권주의의 그늘에 갇힐 수도 있다는 점이다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.214-224
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• 2015

The economy of India and so also of many Asian countries depends on bamboos and their uses are not only in domestic items but also in rural housing and raw materials to several industries and germplasm characterization is an important link between the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. Classical taxonomic studies of the bamboos are based on floral morphology and growth habit, which can cause problems in identification due to erratic flowering coupled with different biotic agencies and environmental factors. Identification and genetic relationships among accessions of Thamnocalamus falconeri were investigated using morphology and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD) technique. Analysis started by using 51 vegetative characters and forty two 10-mer primers that allowed us to distinguish different genotypes hailing from different eco- zones of Garhwal Himalayas (India). The selected primers (12) were used for identification and for establishing a profiling system to estimate genetic diversity. A total of 79.33% polymorphism was estimated by using 12 selected primers. The genetic similar analysis was conducted based on binary digits i.e. presence (1) or absence (0) of bands, which revealed a wide range of variability among the species whereas genetic relatedness was quite high based on vegetative characters. Cluster analysis clearly showed two major clusters for both of the markers viz. morphology and RAPD belonging to 10 accessions of T. falconeri. Two major clusters were further divided into minor clusters. Cluster based on RAPD marker showed grouping of accessions of closed locality whereas analogy was reported for vegetative traits. The RAPD technique has the potential for use in species identification and genetic relationships studies of bamboo for breeding program.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.777-784
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• 2013

건조 쌀 중량 기준으로 팥 5%, 10%, 15%를 첨가하여 팥 막걸리를 제조하였고 이들의 품질특성과 기호도를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 막걸리의 품질을 평가하는 항목인 산도, 알코올 함량, 환원당, 효모계수에서 대조군을 포함한 모든 실험구에서 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않은 반면, 플라보노이드 함량은 팥 첨가 함량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였고(p<0.05) 항산화 활성(DPPH)은 팥 10% 첨가구가 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 관능평가 결과, 팥 10% 첨가구는 향미(Flavor), 단맛(Sweetness), 신맛(Sourness), 쓴맛(Bitterness)과 전체적인 기호도(Overall acceptance)에서 대조군과 유의적인 차이가 없었고(p<0.05) 대조군과 같이 높은 점수를 받았다. 이러한 결과로 보아 막걸리의 항산화 활성이 가장 높으며 관능평가 결과에서 높은 점수를 받은 팥 10%를 첨가하여 제조한 막걸리가 가장 적합하다고 판단된다. 플라보노이드 등 기능성 물질을 다량 함유하고 있는 팥을 첨가하여 막걸리를 제조함으로서 막걸리의 기능성과 관능적인 측면을 향상시켜 전통주 시장에서의 경쟁력을 가질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2018

Purpose - Recognizing the importance of small and medium enterprises and venture enterprises for the domestic economy, the purpose of the present study is to select factor termed export modes from among various export success strategies and factors that can help those enterprises secure export competitiveness in the world market to analyze the effects of export modes on the amounts of exports and periods until export after the foundation of those enterprises. Research design, data, and methodology - A structured questionnaire was used as a tool to derive the purpose of the study, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using a mobile survey technique that facilitated the distribution of questionnaire sheets and the collection of results. The main methodology used is crossover analysis, and the regression analysis technique was applied to verify the study results derived, thereby securing the reliability and validity of the final results derived. Results - Small and medium venture enterprises with shorter periods of time until the first export success after establishment adopted direct export modes more frequently, and those enterprises with larger amounts of the first export after establishment adopted direct export modes more frequently. The results of quantitative analysis, indicating that 66.1% of those enterprises with an export amount exceeding one billion won adopted direct export modes, can be said to support the foregoing. The crossover analysis results derived as such were reanalyzed using the PPML regression analysis technique to quantitatively identify that the amounts of the first export of enterprises that adopted direct export modes were larger than those of enterprises that adopted indirect export modes by 120%. Conclusions - The present study implies differentiated values in three aspects. First, the present study investigated and presented the export success factors and strategies of small and medium venture enterprises in a total of 14 countries in the Asian region, European region, North American region, African region, and South American region. Second, it intensively investigated five export modes to identify and verify that they were affecting the export success of small and medium venture enterprises. Third, based on the results of the investigation, the present study presented two marketing implications in the pragmatic aspect.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.269-287
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• 2017

제주국제자유도시는 세계화 시대 경제위기 극복과 새로운 국가경쟁력 확보 등의 당위성을 바탕으로 지방의 적극적인 추진의지와 중앙의 정책적 제도적 지원을 통해 '21세기 동북아 중심도시'를 목표로 야심차게 출범하였다. 그러나 국제자유도시 추진이 결정된지 약 20년이 지난 현 시점에서 이러한 발전 비전은 사실상 상실되었다. 이 논문에서는 '이상적 자유시장 경제모델'을 표방한 제주국제자유도시가 발전주의 국가모델의 유산이 여전히 작동하는 한국 경제체제에서 예외적으로 급진적인 신자유주의 개방경제공간을 지향하였고 각종 신자유주의 탈규제 정책의 실험장으로서의 역할을 자임하였지만, 환경과 사회경제적 모순 격화로 인한 지역사회 갈등의 심화, 중앙정부의 형평성 논리 및 제한된 자치권으로 인하여 사실상 실패하였다고 주장한다. 이를 위해 예외공간으로서의 경제특구에 대한 이론적 논의를 기반으로 제주국제자유도시 발전 비전의 변화과정을 분석하고, 다양한 예외적 제도와 공간적 장치들이 제주를 어떻게 예외공간화하고 있는지 살펴보았다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of the capital structure of firms operating in a developing economy, Pakistan. The quantile regression method is applied on a sample of 183 non-financial companies listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange during the period of 2008-2017. Specifically, the empirical analysis focuses on changes in the coefficients of the determinants according to the leverage ratio quantiles of the examined listed firms. The findings show that the capital structure of Pakistan listed firms differs between firms in different quantiles of leverage. These differences are significant with the sign of explanatory variables changes with the level of leverage. The research result found tangibility, profitability and age to be positively related to leverage among listed firms in Pakistan. However, size, liquidity and non-debt tax shield (NDTS) are negatively related to leverage. A firm's growth and risk are found to be insignificant predictors of capital structure in Pakistan listed firms. Moreover, the study also found a significant impact of industry characteristic on leverage. The findings of this study indicate that an individual firm's finance policy needs to be responsive to the firm's characteristics and should match with the different borrowing requirements of listed firms.