• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.181-186
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• 2018

Nitrosamines are the nitrosocompounds which are produced by nitrosation reactions of the secondary amine and nitrite, and has been found to be produced through the vulcanization process during the production of rubber products Recently, nitrosamines have been detected in rubber products and become a major topic. Condoms are disposable medical devices, so safety is important because they come into direct contact with the skin and mucous membranes. In this study, we developed an analytical method for nitrosamines in condoms by applying ISO 29941 method. The samples were eluted by distilled water, and target compounds were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane. And then after concentrated, and quantitatively analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The accuracies of the analytical method were ranged from 85.8 to 108.7%, precisions were lower than 11.5%, and the detection limits were from 0.11 (NDPA and NDBA) to 0.48 (NPYR) ng/mL. Among the 31 condom samples, NDBA was detected from 2 cases by extraction of distilled water, and NDMA were detected from 1 case, NDEA from 4 cases and NDBA from 26 cases by extraction of artificial saliva (pH 4.5). The total amount of nitrosamines in all samples were less than $500{\mu}g/kg$.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2005

The ecological characteristics of the specialist insect predator, Oligota kashmirica benefica, were investigated for developing artificial rearing method with special interest on the oviposition behavior, the pattern of adult emergence and temperature in storage, and its effect on the density of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri. Female beetle oviposited eggs mainly, $95\%$ of the eggs, on the bottom of leaves of the yuzu tree, and $91.3\%$ of them were covered with ecdysis skin of the red mites or the feces of themselves. The rate of adult emergence of the beetle rose up to $86.7\%$ when the horticultural media was provided for pupation from $60\%$ when it pupated in upland soil. Most larvae, $88\%$ of them, were found from the surface to the depth of 2 cm in the horticultural media. The optimum temperature for the storage of the adult beetle was found to be $12^{\circ}C$, at this temperature the 96.7, 73.3 and $70.0\%$ of the beetle survived for 10, 20, and 30 days, respectively. The control effect of the citrus red mite was appeared highest by releasing the beetle at the rate of one beetle against 150 mites.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.784-788
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• 2015

A new cultivar 'Picnic' originated from an artificial cross between 'Fuji' and 'Sansa' at National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science in 1994. The cultivar was preliminarily selected among the elite siblings for its high fruit quality in 2003. After regional adaptability tests in five districts for four subsequent years as 'Wonkyo Ga-34', it was ultimately selected in 2008. Optimum harvest time is late September. Mature fruit has mean weight of 233 g and is conic with light red skin on a greenish yellow ground and yellowish white flesh. The fruit contains a favorable total soluble solids content at $13.8^{\circ}Brix$ and titratable acidity at 0.43%, which results in gustatory harmony between sugars and acids. It is not resistant to bitter rot or Marssonina blotch. 'Picnic' exhibits a physiological cross compatibility with leading cultivars such as 'Fuji', 'Hongro' and 'Tsugaru'. Tree topology is semi-spreading with a weak growth habit.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2014

Water-soluble sulfobetaine chitosan (SCs) was prepared for a blending film with Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) by reacting chitosan with 1,3-propanesultone. A series of SF/SCs blended films were successfully prepared by mixing aqueous solutions of B. mori SF and SCs. The SF/SCs blended films were examined through spectroscopic and thermal analysis to determine the morphological changes of SF in the SCs. The effects of the SF/SCs blend ratios on physical and mechanical properties were investigated to discover the feasibility of using these films as biomedical materials such as artificial skin and wound dressing. X-ray analysis showed good compatibility between the two biopolymers. The in vitro degradation behavior of the SF/SCs blended films was systematically investigated for up to 8 weeks in phosphate buffered saline solution at $37^{\circ}C$ and showed a mass loss of 46.4% after 8 weeks. All films showed no cytotoxicity by MC3T3-E1 assay. After 3 days of culture, the relative cell number on all the SF/SCs films was slightly lower than that of an optimized tissue culture plastic.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 2021

Gastrodia elata has a very low pollination rate in natural state, and even in artificial cultivation, there are very few individuals that bloom due to the degeneration, so little studies have been conducted. This study confirmed that the potential as a cosmetic ingredient by evaluating the antioxidant activity through the evaluation of DPPH radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production, and the moisturizing activity through the effect on promoting hyaluronic acid production by artificially flowering G. elata flower. It was also confirmed that the appearance rate and flowering rate of G. elata harvested in spring were high, and the content of gastrodin was 0.36%. The IC50 value of G. elata flower extract was 0.045% and it was confirmed that G. elata flower extract had higher radical scavenging activity than G. elata root extract. The NO production inhibitory activity against the flower extract showed a significant inhibitory effect from 1% to 83.2%. Hyaluronic acid production promotion efficacy was not confirmed in the G. elata root extract, but the production rate increased with concentration dependence in the flower extract, and it was the highest at 46.9% when 0.02% treatment was performed. Based on the above research results, it is judged that G. elata flower extract has high potential for use as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin moisturizing cosmetic ingredient.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.233-241
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• 2021

Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is known to accelerate wound healing process by acting on specific adenosine receptors. Differently from the PDRN substances obtained so far from piscine tissues, unique PDRN was prepared recently from Porphyra, a seaweed species. In this study, effects of the Porphyra PDRN was evaluated by inducing artificial skin wounds in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The wound recovered almost completely in 2 weeks without any treatment, however only a partial recovery was done after one week. Facilitated healing was observed by PDRN fed for 5 days before wound induction at 10 or 20 mg/kg, against the partially recovered 1-week old wound. The healing effects were identified not only by visual observation, wound area measurement, but also by colorimetric estimations. These novel wound healing effects suggest beneficial therapeutic utility of Porphyra-derived PDRN for wound treatments in fishes occurring from various causes.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.497-503
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• 2018

A strawberry variety 'Arihyang' was derived as an artificial cross between 'Tochiotome' and 'Seolhyang' in 2014. The seedling and line selections were conducted from 2014 to 2015. Preliminary and advanced yield trials of '14-5-5,' which was the final selected line, were conducted from 2015 to 2017. 'Arihyang' is suitable for forced cultivation and has strong plant vigor, uniformly large-sized fruit, and a high yield compared to those of the check variety, 'Seolhyang' and 'Maehyang.' Especially, vitamin C was at a significant level, which was approximately 15% higher than that of 'Seolhyang.' The average number of flowers per first flower cluster was 10.5, which could reduce the labor of thinning fruit. Its fruit has a conical shape, dark red color, and glossy skin. The fruit was of good quality but has recommendations for harvest at the fully ripened stage. 'Arihyang' has intermediate resistant to phytophthora crown rot, but is susceptible to powdery mildew, gray mold, anthracnose, and fusarium wilt. It is reguired to manage major diseases and pests using optimum cultivation techniques and chemical control.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.299-304
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• 2021

This study focuses on the preparation of acetaminophen (AP) imprinted functional biomaterials for a transdermal drug delivery using mung bean starch (MBS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium benzoate (S) as a crosslinking agent, glycerol (GL) as a plasticizer, and melanin (MEL) as a photothermal agent. The prepared AP imprinted biomaterials were characterized using FE-SEM and their physical properties were evaluated. The photothermal effect and AP release property for functional biomaterials were examined with the irradiation of near infrared (NIR) laser (1.5 W/cm²). When the NIR laser was irradiated on functional biomaterials with/without the addition of MEL, the temperature of MEL added biomaterial increased from 25 ℃ to 41 ℃, whereas the biomaterial without MEL increased from 25 ℃ to 28 ℃. Results indicate that there is the photothermal effect of prepared biomaterial with the addition of MEL. Based on the results, AP release properties were evaluated using standard buffer solutions and artificial skin. It was found that AP release rates of MEL added AP loaded biomaterials were 1.2 times faster than those of MEL non-added AP loaded biomaterials when irradiating with NIR laser. We envision that the developed functional biomaterials can be utilized for an acute pain-killing treatment.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.33-51
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• 2017

With the advent of 'The Forth Industrial Revolution' and the growing demand for quality of life due to economic growth, needs for the quality of medical services are increasing. Artificial intelligence has been introduced in the medical field, but it is rarely used in chronic skin diseases that directly affect the quality of life. Also, atopic dermatitis, a representative disease among chronic skin diseases, has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to make an objective diagnosis of the severity of lesions. The aim of this study is to establish an intelligent severity recognition model of atopic dermatitis for improving the quality of patient's life. For this, the following steps were performed. First, image data of patients with atopic dermatitis were collected from the Catholic University of Korea Seoul Saint Mary's Hospital. Refinement and labeling were performed on the collected image data to obtain training and verification data that suitable for the objective intelligent atopic dermatitis severity recognition model. Second, learning and verification of various CNN algorithms are performed to select an image recognition algorithm that suitable for the objective intelligent atopic dermatitis severity recognition model. Experimental results showed that 'ResNet V1 101' and 'ResNet V2 50' were measured the highest performance with Erythema and Excoriation over 90% accuracy, and 'VGG-NET' was measured 89% accuracy lower than the two lesions due to lack of training data. The proposed methodology demonstrates that the image recognition algorithm has high performance not only in the field of object recognition but also in the medical field requiring expert knowledge. In addition, this study is expected to be highly applicable in the field of atopic dermatitis due to it uses image data of actual atopic dermatitis patients.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.199-209
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• 2010

This study was aimed to investigate the effects in different immersion doses of garlic, Allium sativum, juice to modulate on the nonspecific immune responses of the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, artificially prechallenged with Streptococcus iniae BS10 and Edwardsiella tarda KE-1, respectively. The nonspecific immune responses of the tested fish were assessed in term of skin mucus lysozyme activity, the change of bacterial cell counts in organs, the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils in blood, and SOD activity. Almost groups of the prechallenged with either S. iniae BS10 or E. tarda KE-1 fish which had been immersed in garlic juice showed the enhanced skin mucus lysozyme activity, the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils in blood, and SOD activity in the kidney but the decreased the number of bacterial cell in surveyed organs. RPS in the group immersed in 0.25 g/L of garlic juice was much higher than in other immersed test groups. These results suggested that the garlic juice immersion can be effective on enhancement of the nonspecific immune responses and the protective ability of olive flounder to the artificial challenge with S. iniae BS10 and E. tarda KE-1.