• 한국가스학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

적합한 인공채유법의 선정은 유정의 효율적인 운영과 경제성의 측면에서 중요하다. 일반적으로 인공채유법의 선정은 유정 설계에 포함되는 과정이며, 저류층의 상황이나 유정의 생산 조건에 따라 두 가지 이상의 인공채유법을 적용한 혼합시스템을 활용하여 오일생산량을 증가시킬 수 있다. 대표적인 인공채유법 중 하나인 전기공저펌프(Electric submersible pump, ESP)는 전기 에너지를 이용한 다단계 원심분리형 펌프를 이용하여 유정 하부에서 압력을 공급하는 방식으로 오일생산량을 증대시킨다. 그러나 이 방식은 펌프의 수명과 연관된 결함에 의해 적용 기간에 한계를 가지는 단점이 있다. 이에 전기공저펌프/가스리프트 혼합시스템(ESP/Gas lift hybrid system)을 적용하여 전기공저펌프의 결함 발생 시에는 바로 가스리프트로 전환하여 오일생산이 중단되는 시간을 감소시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 퍼미안 분지에 있는 육상 수평정을 대상으로 전기공저펌프/가스리프트 혼합시스템을 적용했을 때의 생산 중단시간의 감소에 따른 오일생산량 차이 및 경제성 분석을 수행하였다. 전기공저펌프/가스리프트 혼합시스템은 전기공저펌프의 단독 적용에 비교하여 더욱 효율적인 오일 생산성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. 또한 이 연구에서는 혼합시스템을 적용했을 때 얼마나 경제적 이득이 있는지를 정량적으로 예측함을 나타냈다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2012

In order to have the high efficiency of aircraft wing and to improve the energy efficiency in field of eco-friendly transportation, the performance characteristics of the aircraft wing were studied with the change of lift to drag ratio through the CFD analysis. The design process was focused on generating the high lift force and low drag force as the lift to drag ratio was increased. In this paper, various dimple patterns were numerically designed to investigate the flow characteristics. Hexagon-and circle-shaped dimples, dimple distance and position were changed as the artificial conditions. The numerical analyses were conducted by using the commercial code, ANSYS CFX. Numerical results dependent on the turbulence intensity and lift to drag ratio distribution were graphically depicted for various dimple patterns.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.939-965
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• 2009

The Machine Learning has been identified as a promising approach to knowledge-based system development. This study aims to examine the ability of machine learning techniques for farmer's decision making and to develop the reference model for using pig farm data. We compared five machine learning techniques: logistic regression, decision tree, artificial neural network, k-nearest neighbor, and ensemble. All models are well performed to predict the sow's productivity in all parity, showing over 87.6% predictability. The model predictability of total litter size are highest at 91.3% in third parity and decreasing as parity increases. The ensemble is well performed to predict the sow's productivity. The neural network and logistic regression is excellent classifier for all parity. The decision tree and the k-nearest neighbor was not good classifier for all parity. Performance of models varies over models used, showing up to 104% difference in lift values. Artificial Neural network and ensemble models have resulted in highest lift values implying best performance among models.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Jet pump is one type of artificial lifts and is used when depth and deviation of producing wells increases and pressure depletion occurs. In the present study, numerical analysis has been carried out to analyze the flow behavior and find the performance of the jet pump. Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes equations were solved and k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model was used for simulations. Water and light oil as primary fluids were used to pump water, light oil and heavy oil. The ratios of area and length to diameter of the mixing tube were considered as design parameters. The pump efficiency was considered to maximize for the downhole conditions. It was found that the increase in viscosity and density of the secondary fluid reduced efficiency of the system. Water as primary fluid produced better efficiency than the light oil. It was also found that the longer throat length increased efficiency upto 40% if light oil was used as primary fluid and secondary fluid viscosity was 350 cSt.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the dynamic range of motion (ROM) of the hip, knee, and ankle joint when wearing different shoe sole lifts, as well as the limb asymmetry of the range according to the leg length discrepancy (LLD) during normal speed walking. METHODS: The participants were 40 healthy adults. A motion analysis system was used to collect kinematic ROM data. The participants had 40 markers attached to their lower extremities and were asked to walk on a 6 m walkway, under three different shoe lift conditions (without an insole, 1 cm insole, and 2 cm insole). Visual3D professional software was used to coordinate kinematic ROM data. RESULTS: Most of the ROM variables of the short limbs were similar under each insole lift condition (p>.05). In contrast, when wearing a shoe with a 2 cm insole lift, the long limbs showed significant increases in flexion and extension of the knee joint as well as; plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, pronation, eversion, and inversion of the ankle joint (p<.05). Of the shoes with the insole lifts, significant differences in all ROM variables were observed between the left and right knees, except for the knee internal rotation (p<.05). CONCLUSION: As the insole lift was increased, more ROM differences were observed between the left and right limbs, and the asymmetry of the bilateral lower limbs increased. Therefore, appropriate interventions for LLD are needed because an artificial mild LLD of less than 2.0 cm could lead to a range of musculoskeletal problems of the lower extremities, such as knee and ankle osteoarthritis.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.215-229
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• 2018

The appearance of a rivulet at the upper surface of a stay cable is responsible for rain-wind-induced vibration (RWIV) of cables of cable-stayed bridges. However, the formation mechanism of the upper rivulet and its aerodynamic effects on the stay cable has not been fully understood. Large eddy simulation (LES) method is used to investigate flow around and aerodynamics of a circular cylinder with an upper rivulet at a Reynolds number of 140,000. Results show that the mean lift coefficients of the circular cylinder experience three distinct stages, zero-lift stage, positive-lift stage and negative-lift stage as the rivulet located at various positions. Both pressure-induced and friction-induced aerodynamic forces on the upper rivulet are helpful for its appearance on the upside of the stay cable. The friction-induced aerodynamic forces, which have not been considered in the previous theoretical models, may not be neglected in modeling the RWIV. In positive-lift stage, the shear layer separated from the upper rivulet can reattach on the surface of the cylinder and form separation bubbles, which result in a high non-zero mean lift of the cylinder and potentially induces the occurrence of RWIV. The separation bubbles are intrinsically unsteady flow phenomena. A serial of small eddies first appears in the laminar shear layer separated from the upper rivulet, which then coalesces and reattaches on the side surface of the cylinder and eventually sheds into the wake.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the dynamic range of motion (ROM) of pelvic and translation of center of mass (COM) when wearing different shoe insole lifts according to leg length discrepancy (LLD) during free speed gait. Methods : Thirty-five healthy adults were participated in this study. Kinematic data were collected using a Vicon motion capture system. Reflective and cluster 40 markers attached to participants lower extremities and were asked to walk in a 6 m gait way under three different shoe lift conditions (without any insole, 1 cm insole, and 2 cm insole). The pelvic ROM and COM translation in three planes were sorted using a Nexus software, and a Visual3D motion analysis software was used to coordinate all kinematic data. Results : There were significantly increased maximal pelvic elevation and total pelvic range in coronal plane when wearing a standard shoe with 2 cm insole lift during gait (p<.05). When wearing a standard shoe with 2 cm insole lift, the total range of the pelvic segment were significantly different in all three motion planes (p<.05). Conclusion : Although LLD of less than 2 cm develops abnormal movement pattern of the pelvis and may cause of musculoskeletal diseases such as low back pain, hip and knee joint osteoarthritis, therefore intensive various physical therapy interventions for LLD are needed.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2023

전기식 액중형 펌프 (electrical submersible pump, ESP)는 인공채유 (artificial lift) 기법 중 적용성과 운영 효율이 높아 전 세계 생산정에서 운영되고 있다. 저류층에서 ESP 운영 시 온도·압력, 가스·오일비, 유량 등의 변수는 ESP 성능에 영향을 미치는 요소로서, 특히 생산유체 내 자유 가스 (free gas)는 ESP의 수명 및 운영 효율을 감소시키는 주요 요인에 해당한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ESP 성능에 영향을 미치는 변수를 정량적으로 분석하고자 현장 운영조건에서 ESP 성능실험과 손상모사 실험이 가능한 환형 유동 시스템 (flow loop system) 을 개발하였다. 개발 장치는 ESP와 튜빙 (tubing)을 하나의 시스템으로 연동시켜 ESP의 고장 및 원인 진단, 튜빙의 누출 특성을 파악할 수 있는 일체형 시스템에 해당한다. 본 연구에서는 ESP 성능 평가와 관련된 단상 유체 (single phase)와 2상 유체 (two phase) 실험을 통해 ESP를 안정적으로 운영하기 위한 유동 조건을 규명하였다. 도출된 결과값은 ESP 고장 예측 및 진단 프로그램 개발을 위한 기본 자료를 제공하며, ESP 운영을 위한 최적 운영 조건 및 고장 진단을 위한 실시간 모니터링에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1003-1008
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• 2004

In our life, we have used many digital appliances. They helped us to improve the quality of lift but sometimes gave us unsatisfactory result because they produce specific noise. Especially a vacuum cleaner produces a great deal of noise that is very annoying. So we need to study what sound metrics affect human sensibility. In this paper, we will study sound quality index for vacuum cleaner. The subjective evaluation of vacuum cleaner sound can be indicated to objective parameters by sound metrics of psychoacoustics. The artificial neural network can estimate the nonlinear characteristics of relation between subjective evaluation and sound metrics. We applied the artificial neural network to the development of sound quality index for vacuum sound.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2018

Wedge-shaped fins are generally used to provide sufficient forces and moments to control and maneuver a supercavitating vehicle. There are four fins placed along the girth of the vehicle, near he tail: two of the fins are horizontal and the other two fins are vertical. In a fully developed supercavitating flow condition, a part of the fin is in a cavity pocket and the other is exposed to water. In this paper, experimental investigations of hydrodynamic characteristics of the wedge-shaped fin models are presented. Experiments were conducted at a cavitation tunnel of the Chungnam National University. We first closely observed the typical formation of wake cavitation and measured lift and drag forces acting on two different test models. Next, using a special device for generating natural and artificial supercavities, we investigated hydrodynamic forces at different cavitation number conditions. This work provides a basis for interpreting the cavity stability and hydrodynamic characteristics of the wedge-shaped control fin for a supercavitating vehicle.