• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.152-165
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of implementing special events within school foodservice operations. A total of 359 questionnaires were distributed to dietitians employed at school foodservice operations in Busan from July 1 to 31, 2006 (response rate: 93%). The results indicated that approximately half of the respondents (47.7%) did not implement special events. The types of special events that foodservice operations had most frequently implemented were 'traditional festival day events' (19.0%), 'subdivisions of the season events' (18.3), 'seasonal events' (17.1%), 'school events' (13.0%), 'single day events' (10.2%). According to the dietitians' characteristics, older dietitians implemented 'healthy food events' more frequently than younger dietitians. 'Traditional festival day events' (p<0.05) and 'subdivisions of the season events' (p<0.01) were more frequently implemented in independently managed foodservices than in contract operations. On the other hand, 'international food events', 'gift events', and 'healthy food events' were more frequently implemented in contract foodservices than in independent operations (p<0.001). Dietitians from elementary and middle schools implemented 'winter solstice', 'midsummer', 'children's day', and 'school foodservice day' events more frequently, whereas dietitians from high schools implemented 'midsummer', 'Valentine's day', and 'teacher's day' events more frequently. Most dietitians (94%) had never received education or training for special event marketing previously. Therefore, these results suggest there may be a need to develop educational programs on special event marketing for dietitians.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.551-554
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• 2003

Aggregate operator which belongs to query operations are important in specialized systems such as geographic information system(GIS) and spatial database system. Most of data describing objects in the real world are characterized by space and time attributes. Till now, however, works on aggregate operations have only dealt with spatial or temporal aspect of object. The current demand of aggregate operations relates to spatiotemporal data which are contained both spatial and temporal data concurrently. Therefore, work on spatiotemporal operations is focused on database area. In this paper, we propose spatiotemporal aggregate functions that operate on spatiotemporal data. Above all, we support spatiotemporal aggregate functions on the basis of three dimensional spatiotemporal models that are defined with the linear one dimensional temporal domain. The proposed algorithms are evaluated through some implementation results. We are sure that the achievement of our work is useful and efficient.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of sanitary management based on HACCP. The surveys which were on various aspects of general characteristics, food handling practice, personal sanitation, equipment sanitation, and equipment possession were carried out using questionnaires for 146 business and industry foodservice operations in Taegu and Kyungpook areas. The results of this study were summarized as follows. Forty-nine percent of surveyed foodservice operations was in Taegu, 51% in Kyungpook and 69.2% in direct foodservice operations and 28.1% in contracted foodservice operations. Seventy-eight percent of foodservice operations replied that they have done only basic sanitary management, while 13% surveyed stated that they were implementing HACCP. Food handling practice and personal sanitation were significantly better in Kyungpook area than in Taegu. Significantly high levels in food handling practice, personal sanitation, equipment sanitation, and equipment possession were seen in foodservice operations which had more than 1,000 meal served than those which had less than 1,000 meals served. According to the results of food handling practice, in items of food-temperature measurement during receiving, cooking, holding after cooking, and reheating, foodservice operations showed very low scores below the average. All foodservice operations presented good scores in the parts of personal and equipment sanitation. In equipment possession, sterilizing systems were generally not enough, dishwasher and sterilizing facilities of contracted foodservice operation showed significantly high scores. Therefore, the business and industry foodservice operations will have to pay special attention to temperature management in the foodservice production process as the first step to implement of HACCP.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2015

This paper describes boundary analysis for modeling Aircraft Carrier Sortie Generation System(CVSGS). An aircraft carrier, as a super system, is a warship going into battle by operating a number of aircraft on deck and it should be lay down a definition about aviation operations interacting between aircraft carrier and carrier air wing in small deck area. For this reason this paper models common aviation support system for generating sortie basic unit of carrier aviation operations unlike to general warship and defines boundaries between this system and aircraft carrier and carrier air wing. This paper analysis activities of aircraft carrier and embarked carrier air wing in carrier aviation operations, and analysis and defines boundaries Aircraft Carrier Sortie Generation System(CVSGS) to perform core functions in interacting between aircraft carrier and embarked carrier air wing.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 1996

It is important issue to increase the efficiency of visibility operations in rendering since the most of rendering time is spent for performing visibility operations. In this paper, we present light buffers of area light sources, which provide efficient visibility operations from the sources. The light buffers are extended to support visibility operations not originated from the sources. We also explore their applications such as shadow generation, ray tracing and radiosity. Our experimental results show that the light buffers support more efficient visibility operations than the previously developed data structures including BSP trees, linear grids, and octrees.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.215-232
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• 2002

Variables representing neighborhood quality should be included in hedonic price models to control lfor the influences of negative or positive externalities from the quality of neighborhood on urban housing prices. This study proposes a GIS-based method to effectively measure the neighborhood quality variable when data on the neighborhood quality are aggregated by census sub area. This study also tests the superiority of the proposed neighborhood quality variable created by intensive use of GIS operations to a neighborhood variable not based on GIS operations in explaining the housing price variations by using Seoul＇s apartment sales data. The results from this study show that the neighborhood quality variable based on GIS-based operations shows better performance in explaining the urban housing price variations in Seoul＇s housing market. The implication from the results is that the potentials of GIS-based spatial operations in creating neighborhood quality variables should be well acknowledged by the researchers in the area of urban housing market study and GIS-based spatial operations should be more actively applied to generate better neighborhood quality variables for hedonic price models.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.55-75
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to find out the full extent of abilities of elementary students on area of operations and the effects on student's affective domain toward mathematics, after providing 3rd grade students with Skemp's play activities instead of providing activities suggested in the textbook of 7th curriculum. For this study, we will first analyse new elementary mathematics curriculum of 3rd grade and then explore mathematical factors for play activities related to operational sections. The play activities are revised from that of Skemp's for our classroom circumstances, but the ideas included from Skemp's such as thinking aloud were not changed. The experimental group while consists of 39 students were taught Skemp's play activities instead of usual textbook activities for 30 hours for the second term. In all other area, both the experimental group and the comparative group were taught the same contents. Statistical data is as follows 1) In addition and subtraction, the experimental group had 5.6% higher score than the comparative's, but the difference of mean of the both groups is not significant within 5% level. 2) In multiplication and division, the experimental group had 7.8% higher score than the comparative's and also the difference of mean of the beth within 5% level is significant. 3) When measured the effects in affective domain, the interests, attitude, and values for mathematics had about 10% higher score after the experiment than before the experiment. So we conclude that Skemp's activities are more effective than the activities suggested in the textbook on the area of operations, especially in multiplication and division.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.238-249
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• 2010

Flash memory has been studied as a storage medium in order to improve the performance of the system using its high computing speed in the DBMS field where frequent data access is needed. The most difficulty using the flash memory is the performance degradation and the life span shortening of flash memory coming from inefficient in-place update. Log based approaches have been studied to solve inefficient in-place update problem in the DBMS where write operations occur in smaller size of data than page frequently. However the existing log based approaches suffer from the frequent merging operations, which are the principal cause of performance deterioration. Thus is because their fixed log area management can not guarantee a sufficient space for logs. In this paper, we propose non-fixed log area management technique that can minimize the occurrence of the merging operations by promising an enough space for logs. We also suggest the cost calculation model of the optimal log sector number minimizing the system operation cost in a block. In experiment, we show that our non-fixed log area management technique can have the improved performance compared to existing approaches.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.119-126
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• 2004

Location management is very important issue in wireless communication system to trace mobile users' exact location. In this study, we propose a dynamic location area management scheme which determines the size of dynamic location area considering each user's characteristic. In determining the optimal location area size, we consider the measurement data as well as the historical data, which contains call arrival rate and average speed of each mobile user. In this mixture of data, the weight of historical data is derived by linear searching method which guarantees the minimal cost of location management. We also introduce the regularity index which can be calculated by using the autocorrelation of historical data itself. Statistical validation shows that the regularity index is the same as the weight of measurement data. As a result, the regularity index is utilized to incorporate the historical data into the measurement data. By applying the proposed scheme, the location management cost is shown to decrease. Numerical examples illustrate such an aspect of the proposed scheme.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.45-51
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• 2011

During disaster response, prioritization of limited resources is one of the most important but challenging tasks. At the same time, it is imperative to timely provide to the rescuers with the adequate heavy equipment to facilitate lifesaving operations. However, supply of high demand equipment is usually insufficient during the initial phase of disaster response, challenging lifesaving operations. At the same time, resources outside of the disaster affected zone converge into the area to assist the response efforts, which is the effect of convergence that often made resource coordination challenging in large scale disasters. Meanwhile, the initial condition of the disaster is usually best known by civilians already at the area before and during impact of the disaster. The knowledge of the civilians is not always received and considered by the responding organizations. With the help of these civilians, critical information such as victim location, infrastructure damage, and risk condition could be better know before any response actions are taken. To efficiently collect information and utilize the converging resources, this paper proposes a geospatial information repository for initial condition reporting and update to guide search and rescue operations and deployment of equipment with safety considerations for the rescuers in large scale disaster response scenarios.