• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.493-498
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• 2014

본 연구는 완전제어형 식물공장에서 선형 지수 함수를 이용하여 common ice plant의 생육과 수량 모델을 개발하고자 수행되었다. 식물공장 유형은 완전제어형 식물공장형태로 인공광원은 삼파장 형광등을 사용하였으며, 광주기는 12시간 일장주기였다. 광도는 $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$로 조절하였다. 수경재배시스템은 3단으로 구성된 박막수경(NFT)시스템이었다. 식물공장내 온도, 상대습도와 이산화탄소 농도는 ON/OFF 제어하였다. 선형 지수 함수를 사용한 common ice plant의 정식 후 일수, 적산온도 및 적산일사량에 따른 엽면적, 단위 면적당 지상부 생체중과 건물중 및 광사용효율은 선형 지수적인 형태들을 보였다. 개체당 지상부 생체중과 개체당 지상부 건물중간의 관계는 직선적인 관계를 보였으며, 정식 후 30일째 common ice plant의 광사용효율(light use efficiency)은 $3.3g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$이었다. 결론적으로, 선형 지수 함수는 완전제어형 식물공장에서 common ice plant의 생육과 수량을 정량적으로 예측하는데 유용한 함수로 사용될 수 있었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.281-294
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• 2011

물리적 모델링 기반 음 합성 알고리즘은 음 합성 시 많은 연산량을 요구하며 이는 실시간 음 합성을 저해한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 물리적 모델링 기반 현악기 사운드 엔진을 멀티코어 프로세서에 구현하고, 사운드 엔진을 위한 최적의 멀티코어 프로세서 구조를 제안한다. 대상 현악기의 단위음을 합성하기 위해 각 프로세싱 엘리먼트 (processing element, PE)당 합성하는 샘플 (sample-per-processing element, SPE) 수를 변화시키는 실험을 통해 시스템의 성능 (system performance), 시스템 면적 효율 (area efficiency), 에너지 효율 (energy efficiency)을 각각 측정하고, 측정된 결과를 바탕으로 최적의 멀티코어 프로세서 구조를 선택하였다. 모의실험 결과, 어쿠스틱 기타는 SPE가 5,513과 2,756일 때 가장 높은 시스템 면적 효율과 에너지 효율을 보였으며, 클래식 기타는 SPE가 22,050과 5,513일 때 시스템 면적 효율과 에너지 효율이 가장 높았다. 또한 이를 이용하여 44.1 kHz의 샘플링율을 갖도록 대상 악기의 단위음을 합성한 결과 원음과 스펙트럼에서 매우 유사함을 확인할 수 있었고, 울산대학교 대학원생 및 교수 10명을 대상으로 실시한 MUSHRA 주관 청취 테스트에서도 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1027-1035
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 생활폐기물 매립지에서 발생되는 침출수에 함유된 고농도 $NH_4{^+}$-N 및 T-N의 적정처리를 위하여 pilot 규모의 MLE 공정을 이용하여 생물학적 질산화/탈질을 실시한 결과 $NH_4{^+}$-N온 99%이상, T-N은 88%정도의 처리효율을 얻을 수 있었으며, BOD/$NH_4{^+}$-N비를 약 3.5로 유지할 경우 T-N온 $0.09kgN{\cdot}m^{-3}{\cdot}day^{-l}$정도 제거되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 질산화/탈질과정에서 $NH_4{^+}$-N 산화량에 따른 알카리도 소비량은 평균 $3.4{\sim}3.5kgAlk{\cdot}kgNH_4{^+}-N^{-1}$정도로 나타났으며, 외부탄소원으로 투입된 메탄올에 대한 탈질균의 적용 기간은 약 20일 정도가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 질산화조에 유동상 메디아를 투입한 결과 투입하지 않았을 때에 비하여 $SV_{30}$가 2배 정도 양호하게 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.255-255
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• 2017

Sesame has been consumed for centuries as flavoring ingredient in eastern Asian countries, especially Korea. Sesame seeds have been used as health food for traditional medicine to prevent disease in Asian countries for several thousand years. Sesame seed has higher oil content (around 50%) than most of the known oilseeds. Sesame oil is rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Extraction of sesame has developed significantly over the years. The mechanical method was an early means of separation which was physical pressure to squeeze the oil out. Nowadays, solvent extraction becomes the commonly used commercial technique to recover oil from oilseeds. In this study, we investigated extraction efficiency and quality of oil affected by cultivars and extraction methods of sesame seed. Different variables were investigated; roasting temperature ($170{\sim}220^{\circ}C$), extraction methods (solvent and physical pressure), forced ventilation system and cultivars. The Contents of B(a)P in sesame oil after roasting at $170{\sim}220^{\circ}C$ were 0.30~2.53 ppm. When we introduced forced ventilation system during roasting, B(a)P Contents were decreased up to 36%. The Oil extraction efficiency on sesame seed was statistically depending on the cultivars and extraction methods. The oil extraction yields of solvent and physical pressure extraction were 56.3% and 44.6%, respectively. Many of sesame cultivars and genetic resources are linolenic acid content of less than 0.5%. The results supported that we have developed a safe and high quality sesame oil processing methods for small and medium-sized companies.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to propose a framework to analyse the educational effects and outcome of the boarding middle school established following the merger and abolition of small schools in rural area. According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population in rural area, primary schools have brought about many problems for decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, primary schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of primary school is inevitable for change of placement standard to primary school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study suggests 1)educational effects and outcome, 2)changes and benefits of student's living conditions, 3)social effects to local community, and 4)economical efficiency analysis as a new framework to evaluate the validity of establishing a school. It sets up a hypothesis that the students, parents and community satisfy the boarding school in rural area, a school record be improved and the abolition of schools have little effect on community. Finally, it emphasizes that in order to success the policy of the merger of small schools and the boarding middle school, it be attributed to the social-cultural environment based on local residents and community and required provision of a variety of utilization plans reflecting local specifics and guarantee of local residents' participation and selection.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for planning of school foodservice facilities to operate with hygiene and efficiency corresponding a decrease of the number of students. This study analyzes the composition of space for foodservice facilities categorizing by the functions which are preparation area, cooking area, cleaning area, storage, and worker's room on elementary, middle and high school in Seoul Metropolitan city since 2009 that the Seoul School Health Promotion Center published a manual for school foodservice facilities. The calculation can be a basis for school planners and the general schools to use available area in each school and can manage the school usage plan appropriately. The number of students in each school has been regarded as the space planning element, but the number of students would considered with using the specific area and time.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.747-755
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• 2009

The feed resource for animals is a major cost determinant for profitability in livestock production enterprises, and thus any effort at improving the efficiency of feed use will help to reduce feed cost. Feed conversion ratio, expressed as feed inputs per unit output, is a traditional measure of efficiency that has significant phenotypic and genetic correlations with feed intake and growth traits. The use of ratio traits for genetic selection may cause problems associated with prediction of change in the component traits in future generations. Residual feed intake, a linear index, is a trait derived from the difference between actual feed intake and that predicted on the basis of the requirements for maintenance of body weight and production. Considerable genetic variation exists in residual feed intake for cattle and pigs, which should respond to selection. Phenotypic independence of phenotypic residual feed intake with body weight and weight gain can be obligatory. Genetic residual feed intake is genetically independent of its component traits (body weight and weight gain). Genetic correlations of residual feed intake with daily feed intake and feed conversion efficiency have been strong and positive in both cattle and pigs. Residual feed intake is favorably genetically correlated with eye muscle area and carcass weight in cattle and with eye muscle area and backfat in pigs. Selection to reduce residual feed intake (excessive intake of feed) will improve the efficiency of feed and most of the economically important carcass traits in cattle and pigs. Therefore, residual feed intake can be used to replace traditional feed conversion ratio as a selection criterion of feed efficiency in breeding programs. However, further studies are required on the variation of residual feed intake during different developmental stage of production.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.145-146
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• 2007

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Solar cells(DSSC) were appeared for overcoming global environmental problems and lack of fossil fuel problems. And it is one of study field that is getting into the spotlight lately because manufacturing method is more simple and inexpensive than existing silicon solar cells. Oxide semiconductor is used for adsorption of dye and electron transfer in DSSC study, and $TiO_2$ is used most usually. Overall light conversion efficiency is changed by several elements such as $TiO_2$ particle size and structure, pore size and shape. In this study, we report the solar cell performance of titania$(TiO_2)$ film electrodes with various particle sizes. $TiO_2$ particle size was 16 nm, 25 nm, and mixture of 16nm and 25 nm, and manufactured using Doctor blade method. When applied each $TiO_2$ film to DSSC, the best efficiency was found at 16nm of $TiO_2$ particle. 16nm of $TiO_2$ particle has the highest efficiency compared to the others, because particles with smaller diameters would adsorb more dye due to larger surface area. And in case of the mixture of 16nm and 25 nm, the surface area was smaller than expected. It is estimated that double layer is adsorbed a large amount of chemisorbed dye and improved light scattering leading due to efficiency concentration light than mono layer.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1995

본 연구는 폐신문지로부터 목재섬유를 분리하여 회수하는 해섬공정에서 교반의 정도, 폐지의 농도, 해섬용수에 용존하는 이온의 농도, 인쇄 면적, 침적시간, 해섬 수용액의 온도등이 해섬에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 고온($50^{\circ}C$) 수용액에서의 해섬은 상온($16^{\circ}C$) 수용액에서의 해섬보다 약 2배의 효율을 보였다. 2000r.p.m. 이하의 저속 교반 해섬에서는 회전수가 2배 증가함에 따라 2배의 해섬효율을 보인다. 온도 $16^{\circ}C$, 펄프농도 1%, 교반기의 회전수 1200에서 NaOH의 1$\times$10\ulcornerM은 1$\times$10\ulcornerM 보타 약 3배의 해섬효율의 향상을 나타낸다. 침적 온도는 침적시간보다 해섬에 더 큰 영향을 미친다. 단위 면적에서 인쇄면적이 넓어지면 해섬속도는 늦어진다. 알칼리성 수용액이 해섬에 효과적이고, 같은 농도에서의 해섬은 NaOH>KOH>$Na_2$SiO$_3$>$Na_2$$CO _3$> $Ca(OH)_2$의 효율순서를 보인다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.126-133
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• 2019

Objectives: In this study, a nine-stage cascade impactor was used to collect dust, and the concentration of $PM_{2.1}$ & $PM_{10}$ and alveolar deposition ratio were investigated. Methods: This study was conducted at Kunsan National University from May to June 2016. A nine-stage Cascade Impactor was used to analyze the concentrations of fine and ultrafine dust and to estimate the alveolar deposition rate by particle size of atmospheric dust particles. The pore size of each stage of the collector used in this study gradually increased from F to 0, with the F-stage as the last stage. Results: The mass fraction of PM showed a bimodal distribution divided into $PM_{2.1}$ & $PM_{10}$ based on $2.1-3.1{\mu}m$. The average mass fraction of particulate matter in the range of $2.1-3.1{\mu}m$ was 44%, and the area occupied by $PM_{2.1}$ was similar. Therefore, the Gunsan area is considered to be a region where there are similar effects from anthropogenic and natural sources. Conclusion: Dust collecting efficiency increased with the stage of collecting fine dust, and the efficiency of collection was very low at the stage of collecting ultra-fine dust. The seasonal overall efficiency of the Cascade Impactor was 44% in spring and 37.4% in summer, and the average overall efficiency was 40.7%. The alveolar deposition rate of $PM_{2.1}/PM_{10}$ during the sampling period was estimated to be about 75% deposited in the alveoli.