• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.449-455
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• 2022

The Colony of Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring in Sanyang-myeon, Mungyeong-si, can be divided into five types, and in the past, it was said that Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring formed colonies throughout the colony and grew naturally, but now it remains only in some sections. It was found that the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring colony was damaged by artificial and natural factors, and as an artificial factor, the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring was proven to be effective for medicinal and cremation, and many people were damaging the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring colony without permission. Naturally, vines thrive and Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring die, and the reality is that the entire colony of Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring is in danger of being damaged if maintenance is not performed. On the other hand, there are sections that reproduce with symbiosis with some herbaceous plants, so it is necessary to plan and implement conservation strategies. In order to preserve the Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring colony, CCTV is needed to prevent artificial damage, and on the contrary, install facilities such as fences can easily burn up and create worse scenery, so it can preserve the good environment, restore recoverable areas, and install supplementary buffer zones.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.929-943
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• 2018

Together with the increase of public housing complex, the issues of community following residential environment under contemporary society has become an important issue and the collapse of traditional community has long been emerged as an important social issue. In order to facilitate communities within the public housing complex, various discussions have been continued, and for addressing such an issue under this study, the public housing complexes n Seoul, the capital region and other major cities have been surveyed and analyzed to draw following conclusion as the design-type study to propose a model of community facilities. It displays that there is certain limitation with respect to the diversity of programs when comparing the community facility standard defined under the public housing related laws and regulations. This is attributable to the fact that it is a limitation to satisfy the level of satisfaction for residents that expect the improvement in quality of leisure life, and the facility standard that is standardized around the physical facility environment has certain limitations to enhance the level of satisfaction for residents when the demand has been on the rise with respect to quality. For this fact, the approach in consideration of diversity for the facility standard has to be made in advance. As the utility of external space for the public housing is increased, it is reasonable to consider the plan to secure environment through the architectural factors, and it has the strength in enhancing the utility of internal and external space of the community facilities.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.7-20
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• 2017

The advancement of cloud and big data and the considerable growth of traffic have increased the complexity and problems in the management inefficiency of existing networks. The software-defined networking (SDN) environment has been developed to solve this problem. SDN enables us to control network equipment through programming by separating the transmission and control functions of the equipment. Accordingly, several studies have been conducted to improve the performance of SDN controllers, such as the method of connecting existing legacy equipment with SDN, the packet management method for efficient data communication, and the method of distributing controller load in a centralized architecture. However, there is insufficient research on the control of SDN in terms of the quality of network-using applications. To support the establishment and change of the routing paths that meet the required network service quality, we require a mechanism to identify network requirements based on a contract for application network service quality and to collect information about the current network status and identify the violations of network service quality. This study proposes a method of identifying the quality violations of network paths through ontology to ensure the network service quality of applications and provide efficient services in an SDN environment.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.103-125
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• 2008

After having changed its corporate brand from LG Fire & Marine Insurance to LIG Non-life Insurance in 2006, LIG Insurance has successfully built the corporate image as the leading insurance financial group by engaging in extensive corporate social responsibility activities. LIG, as 'a partner for sharing precious moments of life', intended to provide customers a new value of an insurance by building up the new corporate brand. It established three values to be shared internally. First was to instill a brand value orientation within the organization. Second, the firm identified the brand's value to be delivered to the customers. Third, they defined the image objective to be communicated to them. Based on these set of objectives, the company designed and implemented an integrated marketing communication(IMC) strategy over several years. The result was a successful transition to the new corporate brand name.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.4
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• pp.530-543
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• 2023

Societal value of the benefits forests provide has grown significantly, given their pivotal role in mitigating climate change and fostering the shift toward a carbon-neutral society. Due to the economic and public value of forests, which extends far beyond landowners and foresters, the forestry sector mutually interacts with society as a whole. Thus, understanding public perceptions and preferences concerning forests and forest policies from the societal viewpoint is vital for shaping future forest policy decisions. This research delved into evolving perceptions over the past 32 years, using a time-series analysis of data gathered from the 'Public awareness survey on forests'. This survey, conducted seven times between 1991 and 2023 by opinion poll agents, provides insights into changing sentiments. The findings reveal a notable increase in public satisfaction with overall forest policies. Specifically, positive sentiments were observed regarding forest rehabilitation, forest trails, education initiatives, and the establishment and functioning of forest recreation facilities. Conversely, the study highlights areas where public satisfaction remained relatively low, notably in matters concerning the use and conversion of mountainous regions, forest disaster prevention, and international forest cooperation. Additionally, the respondents emphasized the need for heightened attention to forest management, the development of forest roads, and increased efforts in overseas afforestation compared to current initiatives.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.289-298
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate salt marsh flora and vegetation in the mouth of Mankyeong river estuary area where has a project for Sea Man Geum Reclaimed Land so that we can foster a foundation on restoration of an ecological habitat, development of applicable plants and establishment of a conservation policy after developing the reclaimed land for salt marsh vegetation which has great ecological value. As a result of this research, there are 10 families 25 genera 29 species and 3 varieties of vascular plants in the Mankyong-river estuary area. These are 0.76% among 4,191 of Korean vascular plants. There are also 5 families 6 genera 6 species and 1 varietiy of the naturalized plants which are 7 taxa in total and 3.85% of indicators of naturalized plants. Firstly, a district of low tide marsh has below 5% of vegetation coverage of Suaeda japonica and the vegetation cover was increasing rapidly while moving to a place of high tide marsh which is in the direction to a bank. In general, a range of from low tide marsh to high tide marsh is distributed with sequence of Suaeda japonica$\rightarrow$Suaeda maritima$\rightarrow$Suaeda japonica$\rightarrow$Aster tripolium$\rightarrow$Artemisia scoparia$\rightarrow$Carex scabrifolia$\rightarrow$Zoysia sinica$\rightarrow$Phragmites australis$\rightarrow$Phacelurus latifolius. Suaeda japonica has the highest dominance among the species composition and Aster tripolium, Phragmites australis, Artemisia scoparia, Carex scabrifolia and Phacelurus latifolius are distributed as zonation or patch. By the Z-M method eleven plant communities were recognized; Suaeda japonica, Suaeda japonica-Suaeda maritima, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda japonica-Aster tripolium, Aster tripolium, Phragmites australis, Carex scabrifolia, Phacelurus latifolius, Artemisia scoparia-Aster tripolium, Paspalum distichum var. indutum and Aster tripolium-Artemisia scoparia community. The actual vegetation map was constructed of the grounds of the communities classified and other data.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate early germination characteristics and germination pattern of new cultivars of creeping bentgrass (CB, Agrostis pall/stris Huds.) under natural room temperature conditions and to analyze differences between alternative and natural conditions. Seven cultivars of CB were tested in the study. Daily and cumulative germination patterns were measured and analyzed on a daily basis. Significant differences were observed in germination pattern, days to the first germination, days to 50% germination, days to 85% germination, and germination rate among cultivars under different environments. The first germination in all entries was initiated between 4 and 5 days after seeding (DAS) under alternative conditions, while between 6 and 8 DAS under natural conditions, being 2 to 3 days later as compared with that of alternative conditions. As for the first germination percentage, it was generally 5 to 25% under alternative conditions. However, 'Penn A-1', 'Penncross', and 'Penn A-4' cultivars showed a vigorous germination, producing 50 to 70%. Under natural room temperature conditions, it was 5 to 10% for the most entries, except 'Penncross', 'L-93', and 'Penn A-4' cultivars which vigorously produced 20 to 50%. Days to the 50% germination in CB resulted in 4 to 10 DAS under alternative conditions, while 6 to 15 DAS under natural conditions, being 2 to 5 days later than under alternative conditions. Days to the 85% germination were 5.90 to 11.75 DAS under alternative conditions and 7.95 to 12.50 DAS under natural conditions. 'Penn A-1' and 'L-93' were the fastest cultivars under alternative and natural conditions, respectively. Regardless of the temperature conditions, the longest cultivar in germination was 'T-1', being over 11 DAS. In-depth comparative data on germination characteristics and germination patterns among CB cultivars would be usefully applied for a practical CB turf establishment in golf course construction etc.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2018

This study was wanted to select a value evaluation item to maintain the authenticity of the Planting Landscape in Hahoe and Yangdong villages. Above all, after checking the suitability of the 43 selected items by the Focus Group Interview, the weight was calculated in the Analytic Hierarchy Process expert questionnaire to establish the importance of the indicators for the development of the assessment items. The expert analysis analyzed the importance of 2 sections, 6 divisions and 11 detailed categories, and summarized the results of the study as follows : First, the comparative importance of each category and selection of the assessment items for the stabilization of the Planting Landscape of Hahoe and Yangdong indicated that cultural values are more important than biological values. In particular, details of the biological values of trees were derived with relatively low estimates, except for the specific characteristics of species and items of type of tree. Second, as a result of verification of the suitability of the 43 items selected by the Focus Group Interview, the source diameter, the collection width, reception, flushing, supersonality, records, memorials, 11 items were selected, Third, the results of the importance evaluation of the value properties for maintaining the resistance of vegetation through the Analytic Hierarchy Process were : specific in biological values (0.187), steady (0.094), and water pipe width (2007). There was relatively little difference in the highest weights, the width of the pipe except for the lowest value received, and the source diameter flushing. Fourth, the results of an evaluation of the importance of a value property aimed at historical values were whether or not the cultural asset was designated (0.134), the record value (0.092), the time (0.088), and the monument (0.063). In terms of the importance of evaluating the historical values of Planting sites consisting of Hahoe and Yangdong, the importance of designation of cultural properties was considered to be relative to the maintenance of the Planting Landscape including culture and history. Based on the assessment items and weighted values of the Planting Landscape of Yangdong Village and the World Cultural Heritage below and below, this study's Analytic Hierarchy Process can be applied to actual criteria for the assessment of the authenticity of trees in the village. Based on the assessment items and weighted values of the Planting Landscape in Hahoe and Yangdong villages, a follow-up study on the assessment standards for the authenticity of trees in the village will be left as a future task.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.152-171
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• 2019

In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of the cold air generated in Hannamgeumbuk and Geumbuk-Jeongmaek and proposed their management strategies. We also suggested management strategies after analyzing detailed cold airflows for Cheongju located Hannamgeumbuk-Jeongmaek and we compared the degree of nighttime temperature reduction of the Jeongmaek by using data obtained from observatories located on Cheongju. We used KALM(Kaltluftabflussmodell), a cold air simulation model developed in Germanay and identified both cold airflows and altitude of cold air layers generated during 360minutes at night. As a result, the cold airflow generated in the Jeongmaek became strong and the cold air was appeared clearly in the western part of the Hannamgeumbuk-Jeongamek and in the northern part of the Geumbuk-Jeongmaek. The average velocity of cold airflow was recorded at 0.45m/s, and the maximum speed of cold airflow was recorded at 2.70m/s. The average height of the cold air layer was 104.27m/s and the maximum thickness was 255.0m. The average velocity of cold airflows in Cheongju was 0.51m/s and the average height of cold air layer was 48.87m high. The highest degree of nighttime temperature reduction appeared in the Cheongnamdae observatory($-3.8^{\circ}C$), where the altitude of the cold air layer is high. The results showed that cooling effect of Jeongmaek actually affected the temperature reduction during nighttime. Based on the results, we designated the main mountain area of the Jeongmaek with active cold air generation as "cold air conservation areas" and proposed the current forest and topography conservation. We also proposed to designate areas that facilitate the cold airflows as "cold air management areas" and to complement the function of Jeongmaek. This study could support the establishment of systematic management plans of the Jeongmaek. In addition, it is expected that the results can be applied as basic data for ventilation paths of Cheongju.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.562-581
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• 2018

This study was designed to predict the changes in species richness of plants under the climate change in South Korea. The target species were selected based on the Plants Adaptable to Climate Change in the Korean Peninsula. Altogether, 89 species including 23 native plants, 30 northern plants, and 36 southern plants. We used the Species Distribution Model to predict the potential habitat of individual species under the climate change. We applied ten single-model algorithms and the pre-evaluation weighted ensemble method. And then, species richness was derived from the results of individual species. Two representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) were used to simulate the species richness of plants in 2050 and 2070. The current species richness was predicted to be high in the national parks located in the Baekdudaegan mountain range in Gangwon Province and islands of the South Sea. The future species richness was predicted to be lower in the national park and the Baekdudaegan mountain range in Gangwon Province and to be higher for southern coastal regions. The average value of the current species richness showed that the national park area was higher than the whole area of South Korea. However, predicted species richness were not the difference between the national park area and the whole area of South Korea. The difference between current and future species richness of plants could be the disappearance of a large number of native and northern plants from South Korea. The additional reason could be the expansion of potential habitat of southern plants under climate change. However, if species dispersal to a suitable habitat was not achieved, the species richness will be reduced drastically. The results were different depending on whether species were dispersed or not. This study will be useful for the conservation planning, establishment of the protected area, restoration of biological species and strategies for adaptation of climate change.