Chemistry of mist deposition of organic polymer PEDOT:PSS on crystalline Si
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- 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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- 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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- pp.388-388
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- 2016
Chemical mist deposition (CMD) of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was investigated with cavitation frequency f, solvent, flow rate of nitrogen, substrate temperature
본 연구에서는 Phellinus linteus 균사체의 액상배양을 통한 면역증강 생리활성 효능의 단백다당체 생산공정을 개발하기 위한 시도로서, 우선 생산균체의 원형질체 형성을 통한 고생산성 균주를 개발하고자 하였으며, 발효기 액상배양 시 최적 배양형태의 유도를 통해 균사체와 단백다당체의 생산성을 극대화하고자 하였다. 본 연구실에서 채취한 생산 균주를 ITS rDNA sequencing 방법과 blast search 방법에 의해 조사한 결과 다양한 Phellinus linteus 종들과 99.67% 이상의 유사성 확인되어, 이 균주를 Phellinus linteus라고 최종적으로 동정할 수 있었다. 이 동정된 균주로부터 균주 개량을 시도하기 위해 Phellinus linteus 균사체로부터 대량의 원형질체 형성 및 재생에 의한 단일 콜로니 획득 방법을 개발함으로써 균주를 신속하게 개량할 수 있었다. Sorbitol을 이용한 banding filtration 방법을 이용하여 원형질체를 회수한 결과
본 연구에서는 충주댐을 대상으로 유역모델인 SWAT과 저수지모델인 CE-QUAL-W2를 연계 적용하여 기후변화에 따라 저수지로 유입되는 하천의 유량 및 탁수발생량을 모의하고, 저수지내의 탁수변화 및 부영양화 영향평가를 통한 저수지 수환경 변화를 전망하였다. 먼저 SWAT을 적용하여 강우시 저수지 유입하천의 유량 및 수질을 모의하여 모델의 재현성을 검토하였으며, 모형의 보정(2000~2005)과 검증(2006~2010) 결과 모델 예측값과 실측값이 적절하게 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. SWAT의 결과를 CE-QUAL-W2의 하천유량 및 유입수 수질경계조건 입력자료로 활용하고, 보정(2010년)과 검증(2008년)을 통하여 저수지 내 시간에 따른 물수지, 수온 변화, 부유물질(SS), T-N, T-P 및 부영양화(Chl-a) 양상 등을 분석하고 모델의 재현성을 검토하였다. 이후 기후변화 시나리오 적용에 따른 저수지 내수환경변화를 모의하기 위한 기후변화자료로 IPCC AR4 GCM(ECHO-G)을 고해상도지역 기후 시나리오로 개선시킨 RCM(MM5)의 A1B 시나리오를 다시 태풍사상을 고려한 인공신경망 기법에 의해 상세화하여 이용하였다. 기후변화 시나리오에 따른 기온증가의 영향으로 미래로 갈수록 상층수온은 증가하는 반면 심층수온은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. SS 최고유입농도는 평수년에 비해 풍수년에 17%, 갈수년에 0.2% 가량 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 호소내 SS 10mg/L 이상 점유일수는 평수년에 비해 풍수년이 6일, 갈수년이 17일 증가하였고, 점유율 역시 풍수년에 24%, 갈수년에 26%가량 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 미래로 갈수록 기후변화가 충주댐 탁수장기화에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. Chl-a의 최고농도는 평수년에 비해 풍수년에 19%, 갈수년에 3% 가량 조류의 농도가 증가되는 것으로 나타나 조류의 영향이 커지는 것을 알 수 있었다.
연근해 소형 어선에 널리 탑재되어 있는 소형 레이더 장치에 radar target extractor를 인터페이스하여 레이더 선호를 수록, 처리 및 해석하기 위한 PC based radar system 을 구축하고, cell averaging CFAR 처리장치를 통해 실제의 레이더 echo 신호를 처리하여 오경보 확률의 설정치 변화에 따른 echo영상의 변화패턴을 레이더 스코프상에서 직접 비교, 분석한 결과 및 레이더 영상신호의 음영구역의 발생대역폭을 추정한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 레이더 선호의 해석을 통해 추출된 표적의 운동벡터 및 방위, 거리, 속력, CPA, TCPA 등과 같은 ARPA 정보를 실시간으로 이동 궤적과 함께 PC 모니터상에 구현하고 있기 때문에 소형 레이더 시스템에 이 장치를 부착하면 저가의 비용으로써 ARPA 정보의 취득이 기능하다. 2. ideal threshold 에 의한 표적검출성능을 개선시키기 위해 cell averaging CFAR processor 의 CUT전후에 각각 3 개의 guard cell과 이 cell의 좌
기후온난화에 대처하기 위한 방안 중,
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness and safety of frequently used clinical herbal medicines (Yijung-tang [Lizhong-tang, LJT], Pyeongwi-san [Pingwei-san, PWS], and Shihosogan-tang [Chaihu Shugan-tang, SST]) in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) when administered according to herbal medicine and Korean medicine pattern identification. The results of this study will be used to standardize the diagnostic instrument used in Korean medicine and to investigate biomarkers of Korean medicine pattern identification. Methods: This study will be a randomized, assessor-blind, 3-arm, parallel, open-label, multi-center clinical trial. A total of 300 FD participants will be recruited from 3 Korean medical hospitals and assigned to the LJT (n=100), PWS (n=100), and SST (n=100) groups according to FD pattern identification. The patients will take the medication for 8 weeks, 3 times a day, before or between meals. The primary outcome will be total dyspepsia symptom (TDS) and the secondary outcomes will be adequate relief (AR) for dyspepsia, overall treatment effect (OTE), visual analogue scale (VAS), functional dyspepsia-related quality of life (FD-QoL), gastrointestinal symptom score (GIS), and pattern identification questionnaires. For the exploratory outcomes, we will analyze blood and fecal metabolome profiles, microbiota from fecal and saliva samples, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and results of Korean medicine diagnosis device measurements (heart rate variability, and tongue, pulse, and abdominal diagnosis). Conclusions: The results of this study will prove objectivity for Korean medicine pattern identifications, and the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines for the population with FD.
인터넷 상거래에서, 소비자들은 기존에 제품을 구매한 다른 사용자들이 작성한 상품평에 많은 영향을 받는다. 그러나, 상품평이 점차 축적되어감에 따라, 소비자들이 방대한 상품평을 일일이 확인하는데 많은 시간과 노력이 소요되고, 또한 무성의하게 작성된 상품평들은 오히려 소비자들의 불편을 초래하기도 한다. 이에, 본 연구는 온라인 상품평의 유용성에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하여, 소비자들에게 실제로 도움이 될 수 있는 상품평을 선별적으로 제공하는 예측모형을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해, 텍스트마이닝 기법을 사용하여, 상품평에 포함되어있는 다양한 언어적, 심리적, 지각적 요소들을 추출하였으며, 이러한 요소들 중에서 상품평의 유용성에 영향을 미치는 결정요인이 무엇인지 파악하였다. 특히, 경험재인 의류군과 탐색재인 전자제품군에 대한 상품평의 특성 및 유용성 결정요인이 상이할 수 있음을 고려하여, 제품군별로 상품평의 특성을 비교하고, 각각의 결정요인을 도출하였다. 본 연구에는 아마존닷컴(Amazon.com)의 의류군 상품평 7,498건과 전자제품군 상품평 106,962건이 사용되었다. 또한, 언어분석 소프트웨어인 LIWC(Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count)를 활용하여 상품평에 포함된 특징들을 추출하였고, 이후, 데이터마이닝 소프트웨어인 RapidMiner를 사용하여, 회귀분석을 통한, 결정요인 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구결과, 제품에 대한 리뷰어의 평가가 높고, 상품평에 포함된 전체 단어 수가 많으며, 상품평의 내용에 지각적 과정이 많이 포함되어 있는 반면, 부정적 감정은 적게 포함된 상품평들이 두 제품 모두에서 유용하다고 인식되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그 외, 의류군의 경우, 비교급 표현이 많고, 전문성 지수는 낮으며, 한 문장에 포함된 단어 수가 적은 간결한 상품평이 유용하다고 인식되고 있었으며, 전자제품의 경우, 전문성 지수가 높고, 분석적이며, 진솔한 표현이 많고, 인지적 과정과 긍정적 감정(PosEmo)이 많이 포함된 상품평이 유용하게 인식되고 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 향후, 소비자들이 효과적으로 유용한 상품평들을 확인하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.
Under the full consideration of the growing need and importance of population education in the field of home economics in Korea, the study was carried out to verify and assess the following facts on the current issues of population education of home economists who are presently engaging in teaching professions as the teachers of middle and high school and professors of college and universities by setting its primary objectives of the study as followings; 1) to assess the degree of general knowledge and attitudes of home economists toward population education in the field of home economics, 2) to verify the problems encountered in implementing population education by home economists in its field, 3) to find an existing status of previous trainings received and other activities of population education of home economists aimed at utilizing these findings as a part of reference materials when the population education is conducted in the field of home economics. In order to attain these objectives described above, the questionnaire was carefully designed to house a total of 40 questions with good combination of multiple-choice and the simple answer questions. The mail questionnaire survey was conducted by establishing teachers of home economics at middle/high schools and college/universities as Senior Home Economists(SHE) who are from public, private liberal arts and vocational schools. The rate of response observed during the survey was 45.6 percent and the findings of the survey research are as follows: 1) Examining the status of the respondents by residence and religion, it was found that 45 percent of middle & high school teachers ar.d 59. 1 percent of college professors are residing in Seoul city area and that the largest percent of them are christian in their religion. Analyzing respondents by their ages, 56 percent of middle/high school teachers are in their 30s, 45 percent of college professors are in their 40s, and 37 percent of college teachers are in their 30s. In addition, 13 percent of the total respondents are found to be unmarried. The study also revealed that 71 percent of the college professors finished Master Degree course and 82 percent of middle/high school teachers are graduated from college level lasting 4 years. Looking over the status cf major fields of respondents, 68.4 percent of middle/high school teachers are specialized in home economic education and the college professors, on the other hand, show relatively even prortion by specializing in the order of food & nutrition science, clothes & textile science and home managerial science. As far as the length of teaching experience is concerned, a relatively longer period of teaching experience is observed in the college professors in comparison with that of middle/high school teachers. In other words, 33.3 percent of middle/high school teachers are experienced in teaching from 6 to 10 years on average while 43.9 percent of college professors show more than 16 years of experience. 2) Examining the status of existing number of children cf the respondents, one boy and one daughter pattern is predominant, showing 28.5 percent in middle/high school teachers and 21.1 percent in college professors. As for the desired number of children of unmarried respondents, it is observed that 43.8 percent of middle/high school teachers desire to have one boy and one girl, and 31.3 percent of college professors want to have one child regardless of the sex. By assessing the degree of awareness of the population education through their students, it is observed that 53 percent of middle/high school teachers and 50 percent of college professors are aware of population education in some extent and that a majority of respondents took the positive attitudes toward an inclusion of family planning components into the formal school education. Another noteworthy to observe is that a total of 84.8 percent out of middle/high school teachers pointed that the population education currently conducted at schools as a part of home economics are less sufficient than it should be. 3) Analyzing the tendency as to whether the respondents were experienced in receiving population education during the time when they were students, 75 percent of college professors and 59 percent of middle/high school teachers responded negative answers in the survey. In the mean time, a total of 50 percent of the respondents replied that they began to acknowledge the importance of population education mainly through the participation of some sort of population-education orientend seminars, experienced by 40 percent of college professors and 80 percent of middle/high school teachers. 4) What it calls attention in this study was to find that 96.5 percent of middle/high school teachers and 72 percent of college professors conduct population education to some extent during their lecture hours and that more than 80 percent of them are never experienced in teaching population and family planning contents in their regular classes. It is, on the other hand, found that no more than once was the response of those who believe themselves that they are experienced in teaching these relevant components to their students. Analyzing the contents of the subjects being taught in the class, a large percent of them are found to be consisted of population and family planning contents. According to this study, the current population education through the formal school is quite inactive. Analyzing the facts, 44.9 percent of the college professors responded that the population and family planning components are quite apart from their specialization which eventually generates lack of interest in the field. 5) It is also noticed through the study that the degree of frequency of commenting on population and family planning contents during the classes was depending significantly on their specializations which means that the degree of frequency varies from a major to another. Those who majored in home managerial science was the first one, as compared to others who majored in different specializations. Glancing over the status of correlations between ages of the respondents and numbers of seminar paticipation, it is quite clear that the aged group participated more than the younger group did, and that the most highest number of participations made by college professors were those who are in 50s. In addition, it is also found that those who are aged 20s and 60s of the respondents were the group who comments least on the contents of population and family planning at their classes. The suggestions and recommendation made through this survey research are as follows. 1) No one denies that the rapid increase of population, as compared to the limited size of land and resources, will certainly affect adversly to an enhancement of individual life quality which will, eventually, bring forth the poverty of the nation. This is the reasson why we are insisting that the world population be controlled up to an optimum level with a matter of global concerns. It is our understading that the primary aim for reducing number of population is believed to be attained only by conducting the systematic and comprehensive population education through the formal schools. Therefore, the role of home economists in the field of population/family planning education is considered very importment due to the fact that an ultimate goal of population education is placed in elevating the quality of family life by having optimum number of children through family planning program. 2) It is quite clear that home economists as teachers of formal school in all level are invited to pay their attention on redefining the ultimate goal of education and that of population education. We also understant that the primary objective of population education is to change the norm and value of the clients by replenishing the students with pertinent knowledge and attitudes on population and its related problems through a sort of education in order to attain the ultimate goal for enhancing the quality of life. There is no exception in the theory of home economics. An altimate goal of home economics is to elevate the general quality of life through an establishment of value existed in daily life. Considering the relations between population education and home economics, it is quite indespensable to bandle population components as an integral part in the field of home economics. We believe, therefore, that the senior home economists positive participation in the effort population control is more needed than it has been. 3) It is also strongly urged that population education should be a part of instructor training course for home economics. In other words, the teacher of home economics should be well aware of population and its problems by teaching interrelationship between population education and home economics, needs, contents and methods of population education during the instructor training courese for home economics. In addition, the senior home economists should be encouraged through positive participation on the short term training by types of domestic and international seminar, workshop, etc. 4) We certainly believe that the population education can not sustain itself without any backing-up of information and findings' of various and comprehensive researches of natural and social sciences. Accordingly, every senior home economist is invited to exert their maximum effort to conduct systematic study with an aim to utilize these findings and information at best in population education in the field of home economics. Therefore, we consider that the development of training material is imminent in order to provide effective and efficient population education through the for training of home economies. It should be noted that these training materials must be carefully designed, tailored and developed to meet the different classes of trainees under the considerations as to whether it is easily adaptable and infusable into the curricula of every field of home economics, and it is acceptable in the degree of difficulty and quality in its contents. 5) It is true that there are many domestic and international research rapers, reports and findings in the field of population education and family planning. However, there is a tendency that the most of research papers are heavily relying on the authors intension and preferences in its expression and publication. Under these circumstances, it is urged that the home economists should aware of the growing need of the technical training in order to keep these available information and research findings reprocessed and redesigned to insure the practical application into the population education in the field of home economics in Korea.
The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70
The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70