• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2017

Background: Both ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins are widely used as nutritional supplements. They are often taken together so as to fully utilize their antifatigue and refreshing effects, respectively. Whether actually a drug-nutrient interaction exists between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins is still unknown. The objective of this study was to simultaneously investigate the effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after their oral administration. The study results will provide valuable theoretical guidance for the combined utilization of ginseng and B-complex vitamins. Methods: Ginsenoside Re with or without B-complex vitamins was orally administered to mice to evaluate its antifatigue effects and to rats to evaluate its bioavailability. The antifatigue activity was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters, including hepatic glycogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and blood lactic acid. The concentration of ginsenoside Re in plasma was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: No antifatigue effect of ginsenoside Re was noted when ginsenoside Re in combination with B-complex vitamins was orally administered to mice. B-complex vitamins caused to a reduction in the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re with the area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity markedly decreasing from $11,830.85{\pm}2,366.47h{\cdot}ng/mL$ to $890.55{\pm}372.94h{\cdot}ng/mL$. Conclusion: The results suggested that there were pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug-nutrient interactions between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins can significantly weaken the antifatigue effect and decrease the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re when simultaneously administered orally.

• 생약학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2000

The root of Pseudostellaria heterophylla Pax et Hoffm. (Caryophyllaceae) is a herbal medicine called Taejasam(太子蔘) and used as a good tonic in China that strengthens the functions of the lung and the stomach like Ginseng in Korea. It has been known to have the antitussive activity for tuberculosis, appetizing effect and antifatigue activity, and so on. Especially it has been known to generate body fluids for the severe thirst and the shortage of water in body after a febrile disease for a long time. Recently some components of cyclic peptides, pseudostellarins A,B,C,D,E,F,G, that inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, were separated from this root. In this report several biological activities including acute toxicity, analgesic activity, antifatigue activity, bile juice increasing activity, hepatoprotective activity and antiinflammatory activity were investigated. These results showed as such; $LD_{50}$ of methanol extracts was above 10,000 mg/kg. The analgesic effect was revealed in the writhing test using rats. The BuOH fractions showed a prominent antifatigue effect against immobilized stress, significant hepatoprotective activities against $CCl_4$ intoxication and inhibitory effect on carrageenin-induced edema in rat's paw.

• 생약학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 1984

A ginseng preparation consisting of ginseng ext., lycii fructus ext., four vitamins and caffeine was chosen and its efficacy was evaluated with respect to nutritional supplement, antifatigue activity and liver protective action. Animals administered orally in both one-third and three fold doses of the preparation showed no significant increments of their body weights when compared with those of the normal animals, suggesting no supplemental activity. However, the preparation in the above two doses significantly prolonged swimming time to 53 and 63%, respectively. Ginseng and lycii fructus ext. were found to be responsible for the antifatigue activity. And also the preparation significantly inhibited lipid peroxidation of mouse liver after ethanol-induced acute intoxication.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.178-182
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• 1984

Extract of drugs in commerce was administered to mice for 3 days and 7 days and its antifatigue effects were compared with those of P. ginseng extract and A. sessiliflorum extract. Mice were used for these experiments divided into ethyl alcohol and water extract of R. glutinosa(saengjihwang), R. glutinosa (sookjihwang), A. japonica(changchool), A. japonica(baekchool), P. officinale, C. japonica, C. morifolium, A. calamus were given ordinary dose rally. For antifatigue test, swimming performance were determined after the extract administration. The group of P. officinale gave high improvement of the swimming performance in ethyl alcohol extract group.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 1989

It has been known for a long time that Palmiwon water extract can be prescribed for the treatment of deficiency of Yang in oriental medicine. But the exact mechanism of it has not been Known yet. In the present experiments, it was attempted to explain the effect of Palmiwon water extract on the serum Hormone level in rabbits and the antifatigue in mice. Palmiwon water extract oral intake showed a increase of serum hormone level in rabbits and the effects of the antifatigue in mice. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The administration of this medicine was observed to cause continuously a significant increase of the testosterone content in the serum from the 7th day to the 21th day. 2. The estradiol centent in the serum, as compared with the control experiment, was seen to increase significantly by the administration of this medicine from the 7th day to the 21th day. 3. The LH and FSH content in the serum, as compared with the control experiment, indicated a tendency toward an increase by the administration of this medicine from the 7th day to the 21 th day, but with no significant difference. 4. In the effect to Palniwon on the antifatigue in mice, swimming time was prolonged in both sample A, B groups than control group, and significance revealed in both sample A, B groups. These data suggest that Palmiwon water extract can increase serum hormone level and that it can have therapeutic effectiveness to the antifatigue.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.970-977
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• 1995

본 연구는 건강한 남자대학생 16명을 대상(대조군=8명, 실험군=8명)으로 하여 14일간 하루 마늘 90g(매끼당 30g)을 섭취시켜 폐기능 중 산소섭취량, 이산화탄소 생성량, 환기량, 호흡상과 혈중 총 콜레스테롤, 트리글리 세라이드, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤, 젖산, 젖산탈수소효소, 유리지방산, 글루코스의 변화를 측정 비교분석하였다. 자전거 에르고메타를 이용하여 20분간 3분 마다 50watt씩 증가하는 점증 운동부하로 최대 운동검사를 실시하여 폐기능을 측정하였고, 운동부하 전과 후에 혈액을 채취하여 분석 검토하였다. 마을섭취군이 HDL-콜레스테롤치는 높게 나타났고, LDL-콜레스테롤치와 총 콜레스테롤치는 낮게 나타났다. 젖산 농도는 마늘섭취군이 낮게 나타났고, 젖산탈수소효소의 활성도는 높았다. 산소섭취량, 이산화탄소 생성량, 환기량과 호흡상은 마늘섭취군과 대조군에서 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이상의 본 연구를 통하여 마늘섭취군이 혈액 성분 중 HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤, 총 콜레스테롤, 젖산, 젖산 탈수소효소에서 대조군에 비해 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 마늘이 가지고 있는 어느 성분이 어떠한 작용에 의해 이와같은 효과를 가지는지에 대해서 검토가 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1134-1139
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the application possibility of leaf and stem extract(LSE) from the mixture of leaf and stem of ginseng radix(Panax Ginseng CA Meyer). This study measured antifatigue effects by rota-rod test and swimming test. Also we examined the cell toxicity in normal liver and kidney cells, and acute toxicity in mice. Dropping times of LSE treated group decreased about 39-83% compared to the control group according to supplementation intake levels. Swimming time in LSE treated group increased compared to the control group at short and long supplementation. Negative effects were not found from the results of the cell toxicity. Also acute toxicity not shown. These results imply that the leaf and stem of ginseng radix could be used as possible food resources and functional food material and feed stuff.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.411-424
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the antifatigue effect of SM-2000 on fatigued and stressed people. Methods : This study was carried out on 23 healthy people who have fatigue and stress. 11 people as the mentally-stressed group were examined by subjective symptoms of fatigue and blood cortisol test. They drank SM-2000 for seven days. SM-2000 was made up herbs which were used for fatigue. After that they were again examined by subjective symptoms of fatigue and blood cortisol test. 12 people as the physically-fatigued group were examined with fatigue biomarkers and exercise test. They also drank SM-2000 for seven days. After that they were again examined with fatigue biomarkers and exercise test. Results : Cortisol level, subjective symptoms of fatigue scores and physical, mental, and neuro-sensory symptoms of fatigue scores after drinking SM-2000 were not significantly increased compared with before drinking SM-2000 in the mental stressed group. SM-2000 significantly decreased lactate, glucose, and phosphorous levels, and running time after drinking SM-2000 was significantly suppressed compared with before drinking SM-2000 in the physically-fatigued group. Conclusions : On the basis of these results, SM-2000 had a clinical antifatigue effect in physically-fatigued people.

• 생약학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.180-187
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• 1989

Systematic pharmacological studies on powdered whole part of unossified antler obtained from Cervus nippon Temminck var. mantchuricus have been carried out in mice and rats. Powdered antler, with a single oral administration, showed a very weak acute and subacute toxicity; its MLD being >5g/kg orally in mice. On daily oral treatments of the antler for 14 days, it did not cause any significant differences in body weight gain, various organ weights and serum transaminase activities compared to those of the control rats. Powdered antler, with a single oral administration, showed a remarkable analgesic activity as evaluated by writhing syndrome and tail-pressure test, a weak CNS depressant activity as well as a weak immunopotentiating action as evaluated by carbon clearance test in mice. Powdered antler, with repeated treatments, showed a moderate antifatigue effect against immobilized stress and showed significant increases in both adrenal weight and its ascorbic acid content in rats, suggesting that the mode of antifatigue effect of antler is related to adrenal and its components.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1990년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Korean Ginseng, 1990, Seoul, Korea
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• pp.142-142
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• 1990