• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of the two-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with single femoral tunnel and tibialis anterior tendon allograft and to determine any functional advantages. Materials and Methods: From June 2006 to March 2008, we performed single femoral tunnel and two-bundle ACL reconstruction with tibialis anterior tendon allograft in 26 cases. Mean age was 35.5 years. 20 cases were male and 6 cases were female. Average follow-up period was 2 years and 5 months, range from 1 year to 3 years and 5 months. Subjective and objective parameters were utilized in analyses, such as the mean range of motion, Lysholm knee score, Tegner activity score, Lachman test and IKDC score. Results: Postoperative mean Lysholm knee score, IKDC Evaluation Form, Tegner activity scale, Pivot shift test, and anterior displacement by the Telos stress test demonstrated statistically significant differences compared to the preoperative. Conclusion: Two-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with single femoral tunnel showed good clinical results and was good operative technique.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.120-123
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• 2010

An inappropriate insertion of a interference device to fix the graft in the tibial tuunel can cause potential complications. We describe a case of 27-year-old man who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using IntraFix device(DePuy Mitek, Raynham, MA). In this report we present a case of migration of IntraFix sheath by inappropriate insertion of IntraFix screw along with a review of the current literature.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1461-1466
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• 2008

In the case of Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL), the most frequent mechanism is the dashboard injury, which is directly pressurized to the anterior of the proximal tibia in the state of the knee hyperflexion. The PCL associated ligament damage happens when the posterior injury, the varus, the valgus, the hyperextension and the severe vagus torque are out of the critical value of PCL. After the successful operation cases of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the allograft were informed from 1986, a number of results kept over the maximum 10 years were reported. Unfortunately, PCL reconstruction are crowded the surgery techniques such as the graft, the tibia fixing method, the fixation device, the location of the femoral tunnel, the number of the graft bundles and PCL reconstruction to access to the stability of the normal joint is being developed. Therefore, this study is the basic research of these above facts. The current transtibial tunnel surgery using the cadaveric Achilles tendon grafts is chosen for the various PCL reconstruction. The initial extension of the Achilles tendon by the fixing device and its location under the cyclic loading, were observed.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of strength training targeting medial quadriceps/hamstrings and non-targeting strength training on dynamic balance. Method: A total of 51 healthy subjects were randomly assigned to control, targeting strength training, or non-targeting training groups. To measure the dynamic balance, the star excursion balance test (SEBT) was performed before and after training. The SEBT parameters were compared using repeated measures ANOVA, and post-hoc paired t test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Greater anterior (p= .011), anteromedial (p= .001), medial (p< .001), lateral (p< .001), and anterolateral (p= .001) reach distances were found between pre- and post-training in the strength training targeting medial thigh muscles group. Only greater lateral reach distance was found after non-targeting strength training (p= .029). In addition, no differences were found for any SEBT scores in the control group. Conclusion: Strength training targeting medial quadriceps and hamstrings can improve the dynamic balance, thereby it positively affected in lower extremity injury risk, whereas non-targeting strength training rarely changes the dynamic balance.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study is to compare the results of arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL using autologous hamstring tendon (Group 1) and autologous bone patella tendon bone (Group 2). Materials and Methods: From Jan. 2004 to Dec. 2007, fifty patients were analyzed in this study. A single surgeon performed the ACL reconstruction with autologous hamstring tendon (25 patients) and autologous bone patella tendon bone (25 patients) alternatively each other. The mean follow up period of two groups was 38 months (range 25~58 months). We evaluated the result of Lachman test, Pivot shift test as a physical examination and Lysholm score, Tagner activity scale as patients' satisfaction and functional status and Telometer for anterior instability of each groups at the time of final follow up. Results: In final results, negative or mild positive findings on Lachman test were 24 out of 25 cases (equally) in each groups.) Twenty two cases in the Group 1 and 21 cases in the Group 2 were negative on Pivot shift test. Lysholm scores mark 94.6 points in group 1 and 92.3 points in group 2 at the final follow up and Tegner activity scales mark 8.5 points (Group 1) and 8.1 points (Group 2) at the time of last follow up and there were no differences between the two groups statistically. The numbers of patients who have less than 5 mm of anterior translation of tibia under telometer at 20 degrees of knee flexion are 24 cases in group 1 and 23 cases in group 2. Conclusion: The overall improvements of clinical scores (Lysholm scores and Tegner Activity scales) of the group 1 were a little bit superior to those of the group 2, but there were no significant statistical difference between two groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.391-398
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• 2019

The purpose of study is to investigate the difference of the daN force applied during the examination using Telos Device and the degree of fluctuation of anterior cruciate ligament according to the individual differences of the muscles involved in knee stability. The examination was done by the Lachman test using Telos Device and the changes of anterior cruciate ligament were measured by varying the force of 0. 15, 30 daN on each right and left side and the force of 30 daN after the bruce protocol. Computed tomography (CT) was used to measure muscle mass. As a result of measuring the degree of fluctuation of the anterior cruciate ligament according to the change of the force applied to the Telos Device, there was a statistically significant difference in the knee fluctuation when 15 daN and 30 daN were applied on both right and left. Also, it is analyzed that the degree of fluctuation of anterior cruciate ligament varies according to the difference of individual's muscle mass. Therefore, it is considered that the force applied to the Telos Device should be changed according to the difference of individual's muscle mass.

• Advances in biomechanics and applications
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.239-252
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• 2014

This study aimed to assess the biomechanical performance of a new generation of artificial ligament, which can be considered "bioactive" and "biointegrated," implanted in sheep. Thirty sheep were implanted: 15 sheep received the artificial ligament grafted with a bioactive polymer (grafted) and 15 received the artificial ligament without a bioactive polymer (non-grafted). The animals were sacrificed 3 or 12 months after implantation. The knee kinematics, namely flexion-extension, anterior drawer, and varus-valgus tests, were evaluated using a fully characterized custom-made device. Afterward, the specimens were tested under uniaxial tension until failure. The flexion-extension showed significant differences between (grafted or non-grafted) artificial and native ligaments 3 months after implantation. This difference became non-significant 12 months postoperatively. The anterior tibial drawer was significantly increased 3 months after implantation and remained significantly different only for non-grafted ligament 12 months after implantation. Twelve months after implantation, the differences between grafted and non-grafted ligament biomechanical properties were significant in terms of stiffness. In terms of load to failure, grafted ligaments seem to have had slightly better performance than non-grafted ligaments 12 months postoperatively. Overall these results suggest that grafted artificial ligaments have slightly better biomechanical characteristics than non-grafted artificial ligaments 12 months after implantation in sheep.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2012

This study aimed to analyze the effects of external load between male and female on angular velocity, moment, and absorbed energy of the lower-extremity joints during drop landing. The study subjects were 9 male($mass=70.82{\pm}4.64kg$, $height=1.71{\pm}0.04m$, $age=24.5{\pm}1.84years$), 9 female($mass=50.14{\pm}4.09kg$, $height=1.61{\pm}0.03m$, $age=23.6{\pm}2.62years$), without any serious musculoskeletal, coordination, balance, or joint/ligament problems for 1 year before the study. The angular velocity, flexion/extension and abduction/adduction moments, and absorbed energy of the lower-extremity joints were compared between the men and women during drop landing under 4 different conditions of external load(0%, 8%, 16%, and 24%) by using two-way repeated ANOVA(p < .05). The women landed with a greater peak angular velocity of the ankle joint, greater peak inversion moment, and lower peak hip-extension moment than the men did, under all 4 conditions. Additionally, the landing characteristics of the women were distinct from those of the men; the women showed a greater peak knee-adduction moment and greater absorbed energy of the knee joint. These differences indicate that anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) strain was greater in the women than in the men and therefore, women may be at a higher potential risk for noncontact injuries of the ACL with an increase in external load.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.60-63
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to introduce new femoral fixation technique using a cross-pin and a bioabsorbable interference screw in hamstring ACL reconstruction. Method : Semitendinosus and gracilis were harvested for quadrapled graft. After tibial tunnel had been made, femoral tunnel was made 35 mm in depth. Then the graft passed through the tunnels. Cross-pin was fixed through the drill hole which had been made through upper sleeve of the Rigidfix system. While pulling the graft, bioabsorbable interference screw was fixed through the anteromedial portal. Conclusion : We introduced the new femoral fixation technique using a cross-pin and a bioabsorbable interference screw as a good method with high fixation strength and tight graft-bone contact.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.48-57
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• 2010

Purpose: To compare the incidence and risk factors for osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction between two groups using bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) autograft. Materials and Methods: 53 cases of ACL reconstruction using patellar tendon and 40 cases using hamstring tendon were followed up at least 8 years. Radiographic evaluation was done according to the Kellgren and Lawrence's classification. Clinical functional testing (Lysholm Knee Scores, the Tegner activity scores) and laxity testing (Lachman, pivot shift tests), and the instrumented laxity testing with $Telos^{(R)}$ were all examined in relation to the development of osteoarthritis. Results: Radiographic osteoarthritic changes were detected in 24 patients (45.3%) in BPTB group and 14 patients (35.0%) in HT group. Accompanying meniscal injury (BPTB p<0.001; HT p=0.091), intervals from the injury to reconstruction of > 12 months (BPTB p=0.037; HT p=0.021), and patient's age at reconstruction of > 25 years (BPTB p=0.003; HT p=0.048) were found to be significant independent predictors of osteoarthritis. However, no statistically significant correlations were found between the development of osteoarthritis and the clinical outcome or the radiographic stability in both groups. Conclusion: Although ACL reconstruction using BPTB or HT autograft had good clinical results at an average follow-up of 10 years, considerable incidence of radiographic osteoarthritic changes were noted. Various factors such as accompanying meniscal injury, protracted time from injury to reconstruction, more than 25 years old at the time of reconstruction were related to radiographic osteoarthritic changes.