• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제15권1_2호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2000

아세트아닐리드는 그의 생산 및 이용 공장에서 환경으로 방출된 다음 인체에 노출될 수 있다. 아세트아닐리드는 진통효과클 나타내는 것으로 알려져 과도 노출시에는 건강에 부작용을 초래할 수 있다. EUSES시스템에 의하면 아세트아닐리드는 지역노출의 경우 6$\times$$10^4$을 초과하는 높은 MOS 값(안전성 마진)을 보여주어 공중보건상 충분히 안전한 것으로 나타났다 국지수준(작업장)에서 경피노출에 의한 MOS최저 값은 3$\times$$10^{-4}$으로 추정되었지만 작업장에서 개인장비나 환기와 같은 예방조치에 의하여 그 위험을 부분적으로 경감시킬 수 있다. 아세트아닐리드는 분진 흡입하는 작업자에게 위험 가능성이 나타날 수 있다. 작업장에서 건강보호를 위해서는 산업보건 측면에서의 안전함이 증명될 수 있도록 반복투여독성, 생식독성 및 발육독성에 관한 자료가 보완되어야 할 것이며, 따라서 이에 대한 실험이 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2013

본 연구는 낙동강수계의 잔류의약물질을 관리하기 위한 기초자료로 제시되었다. 낙동강 본류에서 Iopromide는 $0.0015{\sim}0.37{\mu}g/L$, Mefenamic acid은 $0.0087{\sim}0.056{\mu}g/L$, Diclofenac은 $N.D.{\sim}0.01{\mu}g/L$, Atenolol은 $N.D.{\sim}0.024{\mu}g/L$, Propranolol은 $N.D.{\sim}0.0038{\mu}g/L$, Lincomycin은 $0.0005{\sim}0.038{\mu}g/L$, Trimethoprim은 $N.D.{\sim}0.0083{\mu}g/L$의 농도범위로 검출되었다. 유역의 하수처리장에서는 대부분 고농도로 검출되었으며, 특히 Iopromide가 최고 $5.38{\mu}g/L$까지 검출되었다. 축산폐수처리장에서는 린코마이신이 최고 $477{\mu}g/L$로 가장 높게 검출되었다. 조사결과, 낙동강 본류에서 의약물질은 구미하수처리장과 대구 금호강의 유입으로 농도가 높아져 인구 산업밀집지역의 영향이 큰 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 낙동강의 잔류의약물질을 효율적으로 관리하기 위해서는 금호강과 하 폐수처리장을 지속적으로 모니터링하고 관리하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2017

Background: Hominis placenta (HP) is used in Korean medicine to tonify qi and blood, and enrich yin and tonify yang. HP has been reported to have therapeutic effects. Methods: A survey of international and Korean electronic databases was conducted using the search terms "hominis placenta pharmacopuncture" and "hominis placenta extract". The search was limited to material published up to May 31, 2017. Results: A total of 83 studies were included in this systematic review: 50 were clinical studies, 25 were basic studies, and 8 were other types of study. Among clinical studies, the most frequently treated disease groups were musculoskeletal diseases and nervous system diseases. In vitro studies were conducted mainly on anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-cell necrosis models. Most of the in vivo studies were performed in rheumatoid arthritis or diabetic complications models. Conclusion: HP pharmacopuncture has effects in the treatment of various diseases. Further large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to improve the level of evidence for HP pharmacopuncture. It would be helpful if future in vitro and in vivo studies could identify the mechanism of action of HP pharmacopuncture.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2009

본 연구는 도서지역 퇴행성관절염 환자들을 대상으로 삶의 질, 지각된 건강상태, 통증 및 일상생활동작 장애 정도와 각 변수 들 간의 상관관계를 규명하기 위하여 2008년 6월 23일부터 2008년 10월 8일까지 층화비율 표집에 의해 전라남도 신안군 14개면에 거주하는 40세 이상 관절염 환자 601명을 자료 수집을 하여, 서술적 통계, 평균과 표준편차, $x^2$- test, Pearson Correlation Coefficients로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 대상자의 삶의 질 평균은 115.87${\pm}$17.76, 지각된 건강상태는 4.40${\pm}$1.63, 통증은 6.31${\pm}$1.87, 일상생활동작 장애는 77.62${\pm}$12.13이었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 삶의 질은 연령, 동거형태, 경제수준에서, 지각된 건강상태는 성별, 연령, 경제수준에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 통증은 성별, 연령, 일 노동시간에서, 일상생활동작 장애는 성별, 연령, 학력에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 질병관련 특성에서는 삶의 질과 지각된 건강상태, 통증, 일상생활동작 장애 모두 유병기간과 진통제 복용에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자들의 삶의 질, 지각된 건강상태, 통증, 일상생활동작 장애간의 상관관계는 삶의 질은 지각된 건강상태와는 통계적으로 유의한 양 상관관계를, 통증과 일상생활동작 장애와는 음 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 도서지역 관절염 환자는 경제수준이 낮은 독거노인과 오래된 유병기간, 현재 진통제를 복용중인 대상자에서 삶의 질과 지각된 건강상태는 낮고 통증과 일상생활동작 장애는 높았다. 따라서 도서지역 관절염환자들의 건강증진을 위해서는 지각된 건강상태가 나쁜 독거노인을 대상으로 통증과 일상생활동작 장애를 줄이고 삶의 질을 높일 수 있는 적극적인 간호중재방안이 마련되어야 한다고 본다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2002

Objective : The study was performed to evaluate the effect of treatment for thoracolumbar compression fracture by using Bee Venom Acupuncture that is well known for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Methods : We investigated 39 cases of patient with thoracolumbar compression fracture. The patients with thoracolumbar compression fracture were treated at the department of acupuncture & moxibustion of Kyung-Won University Oriental Hospital from 1st January 2001 to 30th August 2002. We selected for two groups. One group was treated by Bee Venom Acupuncture therapy(Bee Venom Acupuncture Group : BAG), the other group was treated by Filiform Acupuncture therapy(None Bee Venom Acupuncture Group : NBAG). Results : 1. The distribution showed female predominance in sex and 70's predominance in age. The largest group was "accidental fall" and the next was "lifting heavy objects" in causes, and within 2 weeks in the duration of disease 2. In the duration of admission, the largest group was within 4 weeks. In regard to level of injury, T12 was found to be most predominant, followed in turn by L1, L2, L5. In regard to grade of clinical symptoms, Grade III was most predominant, followed by Grade II, Grade IV. 3. In the results of treatment, 87.5% were above "Good" in BAG and 47.8% in NBAG. 4. In the result of treatment due to the grade of clinical symptoms, BAG was more excellent than NBAG on the whols grade. 5. In the result of treatment due to duration of admission, the duration of admission was not in proportion to the results of treatment. 6. In the change of lumber flexion, the improvement above $80^{\circ}$ was 50% in BAG and 21.7% in NBAG 7. In the stability of treatment, the BAG and NBAG did't show any detrimental change in GOT, GPT, r-GTP, BUN, creatinine. Conclusions : In the treatment of thoracolumbar compression fracture, the Bee Venom Acupuncture can be regarded as more effective treatment than Filiform Acupuncture in the clinical practice. This is expected to be available for clinical use.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.184-195
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• 2006

Objectives : Betula Platyphylla(BP) is a traditional analgesic, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory herb used in Chinese 1medicine. However, no information is available to explain its action. In this study. we investigated the anti-inflammatory 1effects of BP to elutidate the molecular pharmacological activity in the ethanol extract of BP(BPE). Methods : We performed WTS assay in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages with BPE. Nitrite was measured by Griess assay, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in LPS induced RAW264.7 macrophages with BPE. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) were determined by Western blot. Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results : BPE significantly suppressed production of nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal inhibition rate of NO and PGE2 production by BPE was ca. 88.8% and 93% at the concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$ (non-cytotoxic concentration), respectively. BPE also decreased iNOS protein and COX-2 protein in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. EMSA demonstrated that BPE inhibited the DNA binding activity of the NF-kB. Conclusions : These results suggest that BPE inhibits NF-${\kappa}B$-mediated gene expression and downregulates inflammatory mediator production in RAW264.7 macrophages.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.642-647
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• 2006

Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) has been used therapeutically to treat muscular hypercontractions and sudomotor hyperactivity and it has been reported that BoNT/A might have analgesic properties in headache. PEP-1 peptide is a known carrier peptide that delivers fulll-ength native proteins in vitro and in vivo. In this study, a BoNT/A gene were fused with PEP-1 peptide in a bacterial expression vector to produce a genetic in-frame PEP-1-BoNT/A fusion protein. The expressed and purified PEP-1-BoNT/A fusion proteins were efficiently transduced into cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner when added exogenously in a culture medium. In addition, immuno-histochemical analysis revealed that PEP-1-BoNT/A fusion protein efficiently penetrated into the epidermis as well as the dermis of the subcutaneous layer, when sprayed on mice skin. These results suggest that PEP-1-BoNT/A fusion protein provide an efficient strategy for therapeutic delivery in various human diseases related to this protein.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2020

Objectives: This research study aimed to determine the effect of Korean medicine treatments on a patient with lumbar disc herniation accompanying polycystic kidney disease. Methods: Acupuncture, herbal medicine, pharmacopuncture, spine decompression therapy, Motion Style Acupuncture Treatment (MSAT), and Chuna were preceded for treatment. We checked the patient's Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), numeric rating scale (NRS), and straight leg raise test (SLRT) on admission and discharge; we also used the NRS and SLRT to evaluate the patient's symptoms on every third day during the hospital stay. Because it is important to manage blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and blood pressure during the early stage of polycystic kidney disease, BUN and serum creatinine levels were checked weekly while blood pressure was checked every morning. Results: Twelve days after admission, the NRS for lower back pain and right leg pain decreased from 7 to 3 and from 7 to 2, respectively. The ODI value also decreased from 56 to 20 while the SLRT value increased from 30/70 to 60/70. The BUN and serum creatinine levels and the blood pressure readings were all within normal range every time they were checked. Conclusions: The use of Korean medicine treatments resulted in improvements in NRS, ODI, and SLRT on a patient with a herniated lumbar disc herniated who had a past history of polycystic kidney disease; thus, the patient was able to maintaining kidney functioning. Herbal medicine, an alternative method of analgesic anti-inflammatory drugs that has been evaluated as relatively safe on liver and kidney function, could be suggested on a patient with a past history of polycystic kidney disease to maintain kidney function when renal function and blood pressure are monitored.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권4호통권135호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2003

We evaluated the anti-arthritic effect of a new diet-supplement product containing red ginseng, glucosamine, shark cartilage, ascorbic acid and manganese chloride for the relieving arthritic symptoms. Anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extract of red ginseng (250 and 500 mg/kg), glucosamine (240 mg/kg) and shark cartilage (240 mg/kg) were tested individually on vascular permeability and carrageenan-induced paw edema. Glucosamine and shark cartilage showed the inhibition of vascular permeability by 29.6 and 32.9%, respectively. Red ginseng (500 mg/kg) and shark cartilage showed the inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema at 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 hr. The supplement (red ginseng mixture: RGM) composed of red ginseng (43.5%), glucosamine (25.0%), shark cartilage (25.0%), ascorbic acid (5.0%) and manganese chloride (1.5%) was prepared and its inhibitory activities including vascular permeability and carrageenan-induced paw edema were comparable to anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac and ibuprofen. It was also tested on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats as one of chronic arthritic tests and Randall-Selitto assay as an analgesic test. RGM showed the inhibition against the swelling of rat paws induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis at a dose of 1,500 mg/kg. Determination of cytokines of the sera sampled from arthritis-induced animals indicated that RGM increased the levels of $interferon-{\gamma}$ and interleukin-6, representing the immunostimulatory effect by red ginseng. RGM treatment moderately reduced the production of NO in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results support that RGM can be applicable for the improvement of arthritic as a new diet-supplement.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3977-3980
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• 2015

Background: To investigate the effects of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium on haemodynamics and plasma stress hormones in surgical patients with thyroid carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven patients with thyroid carcinoma who underwent thyroidectomy selectively in Laiwu Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University and Binzhou People's Hospital were selected and randomly divided into three groups, 19 cases in each group. The control group was intravenously injected 0.9% sodium chloride injection before anesthesia induction; trial group I was intravenously injected with parecoxib sodium 20 min before anesthesia induction; based on trial group I, trial group II was injected with parecoxib sodium again 12 h after surgery. The levels of plasma norepinephrine (NE), cortisol (Cor) and blood glucose before, 12 and 24 h after surgery and changes of haemodynamics before surgery, at the end of surgery and 12, 24 and 48 h after surgery were compared in the three groups. Besides, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were recorded 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after surgery. Results: 12 and 24 h after surgery, the levels of plasma NE and Cor in three groups rose dramatically (P<0.05 or (P<0.01); The levels of plasma NE and Cor in trial groups I and II were evidently lower than in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and those in trial group II slightly lower than in trial group I. 12 h after surgery, the heart rates (HR) and systolic pressures (SBP) in trial groups I and II increased obviously by comparison to surgery before (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but gradually returned to the preoperative level. HR, SBP and diastolic pressures (DBP) in trial groups I and II at the end of surgery and 12 h after surgery were all lower than in the control group, and significant differences were present (P<0.05 or (P<0.01). At 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after surgery, VAS scores in trial groups I and II were markedly lower than in the control group (P<0.05 or (P<0.01), the scores in trial group II being the lowest. Conclusions: Combined application of parecoxib sodium for preemptive analgesia before anesthesia and after surgery can effectively reduce the levels of plasma stress hormones and improve analgesic effects in surgical patients with thyroid carcinoma, and without conspicuous impact on haemodynamics.