• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.72-81
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial saliva contamination and decontamination procedures at different stages of a bonding procedure on the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of two one-step self-etch adhesives and a two-step total-etch adhesive to dentin of primary teeth. Forty-two extracted sound primary molars were randomly divided into three groups depending on three adhesives, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SBU), All-Bond Universal (ABU) and Prime & Bond NT (PNT). For each adhesive, the teeth were allocated into seven groups. Except for control group, group 1, the groups were contaminated with artificial saliva at three different stages: the groups 2 and 3 - before adhesive application; the groups 4 and 5 - before adhesive polymerization; the groups 6 and 7 - after adhesive polymerization. Decontaminating procedures were rinsing, air-drying (group 2, 4, 6) and air-drying (group 3, 5, 7). The specimens were restored with composite resin (Filtek, Z350) and microtensile bond strength was measured. The data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (p < 0.05). In the control group, using PNT resulted in significantly higher bond strength than when ABU and SBU were used (p < 0.001). For three adhesives, the groups 2, 4 and 6 had greater bond strength than the groups 3, 5 and 7. Also, when the artificial saliva was contaminated before adhesive polymerization (group 4, 5), it showed a significantly lower bond strength. Generally the two-step total-etch adhesive generated a higher bond strength than the one-step self-etch adhesive. Artificial saliva contamination before adhesive polymerization led to a drastic decrease in bond strength, and rinsing with water followed by air-drying could not recover the bond strength.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2015

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to evaluate the early adhesive characteristic of asphalt emulsions, including polymer-modified emulsions, for chip seals using the surface energy concept, the bitumen bond strength (BBS) test, and the Vialit test. METHODS : Two general methods, the BBS test and Vialit test, were applied to investigate the bond strength and the aggregate loss, respectively. A new theory, the surface free energy (SFE) theory, was used to evaluate the adhesive characteristic between the emulsion and the aggregate. Based on the theory, the contact angles were measured, and then the surface energy components were calculated. Using those components, the work of adhesion (Wa) was calculated for each emulsion. To ensure reliable results, all the tests were performed under the same conditions, i.e., at $25^{\circ}C$ for 240 minutes of curing time. For the materials, three emulsions (CRS-2, CRS-2L, and CRS-2P) and one aggregate type (granite) were employed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : Under the same conditions, the modified emulsions showed better adhesive characteristics and curing behaviors than the unmodified emulsions. In addition, there was no significant difference between the various modified emulsions. One of the important findings is that the analysis by Wa presents more sensitive results than other methods. The results of the Wa showed that the CRS-2P emulsion has the best adhesive characteristics. Consequently, the use of modified emulsions for chip seals could prevent aggregate loss and allow open traffic earlier.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2011

Purpose: To examine the shear bond strengths of zirconia and veneering ceramic according to their surface processing. Methods: The test samples were divided into three groups: one without zirconia surface processing, one sandblasted, and one sandblasted then 3% etched. Then veneering ceramic was fired on all test samples, and their shear bond strengths were measured. Results: The test samples of the control group (Z1) showed the lowest shear bond strengths of $21.82{\pm}1.02$ MPa. The shear bond strengths of Z2 and Z3 ($28.25{\pm}0.72$ and $26.23{\pm}0.82$ MPa, respectively) were relatively higher than those of the control group. The fracture surface of the control group showed adhesive fractures while the test groups had relatively large numbers of cohesive fractures. Conclusion: The shear bond strength was high in the test groups with surface processing while the fracture surfaces showed compound fractures of adhesive and cohesive fractures.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.181-191
• /
• 2006

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the tensile strength of resin-infiltrated demineralized dentin according to the demineralization time, and to evaluate the tensile strength of hybrid layer that is formed by infiltrating different priming adhesives or primer/adhesive into demineralizd dentin matrix. Seventy five hour-glass shaped dentin specimens were prepared in mid-coronal dentin from extracted human molars. Thirty specimens were distributed into three groups according to demineralization time - 2 hours, 4 hours and 8 hours. Each specimen was placed in primer/adhesive of All-Bond 2 for 5 hours of infiltration. Another forty-five specimens of them were demineralized in 37% phosphoric acid for 4 hours. They were randomly assigned to three experimental groups - AB, SB and OS - to designate All-Bond 2, Single Bond and One-Step. Each specimen was placed in one of three different adhesives for 5 hours of infiltration. The specimens were visible light-cured for 5 minutes, and then stored for 24 hours in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$. After that, microtensile bond strength for each specimen was measured, and the fractured surfaces were then observed by SEM. The data were statistically analysed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. The results were as follows; 1. Tensile strength of the group demineralized for 4 hours was significantly higher than that of groups demineralized for 2 hours and 8 hours (P < .01). 3. Tensile strength of the AB group was significantly higher than that of the SB group and OS group (P < .01).

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.197-200
• /
• 2010

All citizens over 17 year old living in Korea have to be fingerprinted to obtain a certificate of resident registration. For this reason, human identification through fingerprints has been used actively in crime scene investigation. The fingerprint is so unique that it is one of the most certain ways to identify oneself and it can differentiate between genetically identical twins. Fingerprints gained in crime scene indicate a direction of criminal investigation in conjecturing a suspect. Fingerprints help a reunion of family got scattered for a long time and make it possible to get a personal identification for missing person who met with natural calamity. We developed a new fingerprinting method using safranine O, so as to develop fingerprints on the adhesive tapes and non-porous papers in various physical environments. Results were compared to the preexisting fingerprinting method, the minutiae numbers of fingerprints were greatly increased in our newly developed safranine O fingerprinting method. This newly developed safranine O method showed a quantity and quality comparable to the preexisting fingerprinting method routinely used in these days. In our hands, the safranine O fingerprinting method is another easy and obvious choice when the forensic case sample is available for fingerprints on the adhesive tapes and non-porous papers.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 1987

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pulpal responses of dental adhesive resins. A total of 40 cavities of the permanent healthy teeth from 4 dogs were prepared. In the experimental group, the cavities were etched for 1 minute with citric acid and filled with experimental resins (ie. Super-Bond C & B$^{(R)}$). In the control group, the cavities were filled with calcium hydroxide base materials (ie. Dycal$^{(R)}$) without etching. The dogs were sacrificed at one, two, three and four weeks after the time of filling and the specimens were routinely prepared and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. The microscopic findings were as follows: Infiltration of inflammatory cells was not observed in both experimental and control groups. Change in the odontoblastic layer was not observed in all control groups but severe swelling was observed in deep dental pulp tissue of the control two and three week cases. Pulp tissue was recovered with plenty of fibrous component in the control four week case and reparative dentin formation was not occurred in all cases. Slight changes of the odontoblastic layer beneath the cavity were observed in the experimental one week case. In experimental two and three week cases, swelling of deep pulp tissue was increased and localized reparative dentin formation was observed. In the experimental four week case, odontoblastic layer was recovered with regular appearance and fibrous component of the pulp was increased, but reparative dentin formation was not evident.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.574-574
• /
• 2003

I. Objectives Newly all-in-one adhesives were developed for reducing the techique sensitivity and chair time, but lots of concerns were made on bondability, longevity, and microleakage. The object of this study was to measure micro leakage and marginal quality of all-in-one adhesives using electrochemical method and SEM analysis quantitatively. II. Materials and Methods After making Class V cavities, they were bulk filled with Heliomolar(＃A1) after surface treatment with three adhesives：Adper Prompt (Group 1), One up bond F (Group 2), Xeno III(Group 3).(omitted)

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.222-231
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength and interfacial pattern of composite bond-ed to dentin using self-etching adhesive systems. Sixty extracted human molars with exposed occlusal dentin were divided into four groups and bonded with four adhesives and composites. Single Bond/Filtek Z 350(SB), Tyrian SPE-One-Step Plus/Aelitefil(TY), Prompt L-Pop/Filtek Z 250(LP), and One-Up Bond F/palfique Toughwell(OU). The results of this study were as follows; 1 Shear bond strength for OU was significantly lower than that of other groups(p＜0.05). No significant difference was founded among SB, TY, and LP. 2. Failure modes to dentin showed adhesive and mixed for SB TY and LP, but them for OU showed adhesive in all spceimens. 3. Dentin-resin interface showed close adaptation for SB, TY, and LP, but it showed gap for OU. 4. The hybrid layers for TY, LP OU were thinner than that of SB. Adhesive layers were observed between composite and hybrid layer, which were 5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick for TY and 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick for OU.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.30 no.4 s.81
• /
• pp.483-490
• /
• 2000

The dental gold alloy shows a lower bond strength than the natural teeth in bracket bonding, and this can be a possible source of subsequent bond failure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of various gold alloy surface treatment techniques on shear bond strength between the orthodontic adhesives and the gold alloy and to find ways of increasing the bond strength. Two hundred and forty specimens made of the dental fold alloy were divided into twelve groups based on the combination of surface treatment methods(non-surface treatment, sandblasted, sandblasted plus tin-plated, and sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive) and adhesive systems (Ortho-one, Panavia 21, Superbond C&B). The specimens with bonded brackets were placed in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours and shear bond strength was measured by a universal testing machine. The results were as follows: 1. All surface-treated groups showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than non-surface-treated groups. 2. The sandblasted plus tin-plated group showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than the sandblasted group only when Panavia 21 was involved. 3. The sandblasted plus intermediate adhesive group showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than sandblasted group regardless of the type of adhesive used. 4. Of the three resin adhesive types, the Superbond C&B showed the highest bond strength, followed by Panavia 21 and Ortho-one. These findings suggest that a combination of sandblasting and intermediate resin treatment is desirable in order to enhance bracket bond strength regardless of adhesive types.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the microshear bond strength (uSBS) of two totaletch and four self-etch adhesive systems and a flowable resin to enamel. Materials and Methods: Enamels of sixty human molars were used. They were divided into one of six equal groups (n = 10) by adhesives used; OS group (One-Step Plus), SB group (Single Bond), CE group (Clearfil SE Bond), TY group (Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus), AP group (Adper Prompt L-Pop) and GB group (G-Bond). After enamel surfaces were treated with six adhesive systems, a flowable composite resin (Filek Z 350) was bonded to enamel surface using Tygon tubes. the bonded specimens were subjected to uSBS testing and the failure modes of each group were observed under FE-SEM. Results: 1. The uSBS of SB group was statistically higher than that of all other groups, and the uSBS of OS, SE and AP group was statistically higher than that of TY and GB group (p < 0.05). 2. The uSBS for TY group was statistically higher than that for GB group (p < 0.05). 3. Adhesive failures in TY and GB group and mixed failures in SB group and SE group were often analysed. One cohesive failure was observed in OS, SB, SE and AP group, respectively. Conclusions: Although adhesives using the same step were applied the enamel surface, the uSBS of a flowable resin to enamel was different.