• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.160-168
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• 2000

This study evaluated the effects of four adhesive metal primers on the shear bond strength of a heat curing denture base resin(Lucitone 199) to cobalt-chromium alloy(Biosil-f). The adhesive metal primers were Cesead Opaque Primer, Metal Primer, MR Bond, and Super-Bond liquid. The metal surface primed or nonprimed was filled with the heat-curing methyl methacrylate resin. The specimens were stored in water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours and the alternately immersed in water bath at $5^{\circ}C\;and\;55^{\circ}C$ for up to 2,000 thermal cycles. Shear bond strengths were measured using UTM at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. Failure surface were examined under magnifying glasses. All the primers examined improved the shear bond strength between denture base resin and cobalt-chromium alloy compared with nonprimed specimens before thermal cycling. The bond strength of Cesead Opaque Primer was greatest. And after 2,000 thermal cycles, the bond strengths between resin and cobalt-chromium alloy were decreased but the difference between thermal cycling 0 and 2,000 at Cesead Opaque primer and Metal Primer were not significant. This study indicated that Cesead Opaque Primer & Metal Primer is effective primers to obtain higher bond strength between heat cured denture base resin and cobalt-chromium alloy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.351-361
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of the composite resin bonded on the bleached enamel surface according to its surface treatment. 90 extracted human premolars were divided into six groups. : enamel unbleached (control group) and enamel bleached with 15% carbamide peroxide for 2 weeks (experimental groups: 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). The surface of bleached enamel in all experimental groups was treated by following manners. Experimental group 1 : catalase immersion for 3 mimutes. Experimental group 2 : catalase immersion for 15 mimutes. Experimental group 3 : artificial saliva immersion for 1 hour. Experimental group 4 : artificial saliva immersion for 48 hours. Experimental group 5: surface reduction of the bleached enamel about 0.5mm-1mm with superfine diamond bur. Composite resin molds(3mm height, 3mm diameter) were bonded to the untreated enamel and treated. The shear bond strengths of composite resin bonded to enamel of each specimen were tested with universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5mm/min and 500Kg in full scale and analyzed statistically. The following results were obtained : 1. Control group had the highest shear bond strength with $19.92{\pm}5.14$ MPa and experimental group 5 had the lowest shear bond strength with $11.15{\pm}4.23$ MPa. 2. Control group showed significant differences in shear bond strength with experimental group 1(P<0.05). 3. Control group showed significant differences in shear bond strength with experimental group 5(P<0.05). 4. Experimental group 4 showed significant differences in shear bond strength with experimental group 5(P<0.05). 5. Experimental group 3 showed no significant differences in shear bond strength with experimental group 4(P<0.05).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.266-276
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• 1996

Numerous factors are known to affect the accuracy of elastomeric impression materials. Factor often overlooked is the quality of the bond between putty and wash during corrective reline impression technique. The putty-wash bond strength must be strong enough to over-come the local stress at putty-wash interface. It is not always possible to avoid saliva contamination in making corrective wash impres-sion. And putty preliminary impression material con be used as a template for provisional restoration. Human saliva and the residual monomer of autopolymerizing acrylic resin are thought to affect the bond strength and the failure type. This study examined the effect of contaminants like human saliva, and residual resin monomer on the putty-wash bond strength and the effectiveness of treatment. 1. Of the tested three brands of Vinyl Polysiloxane impession meterial, Express Exhibited the greatest bond strength followed by Eamix and Perfect showed the lowest putty-wah bond strength. 2. Coating the putty substrates with human saliva did not produce decreased failure load in all the breands of Vinyl Polysiloxane impression meterail. 3. Of the three brands of VPS impression material that were exposed to methhylmethacry-late resin(Jet), only the putty-wash bond strength of the Perfect group diminished signifi-cantly. Moreover, all the specimens from group C of Perfect exhibited adhesive failure. 4. Exposing the substrates to ethylmethacrylate resin(SNAP. diminished the putty-wash bond strength significantly. With Perfect and Examix, failure occurred cohesively through the light-body, whereas with Express, failure occurred adhesive-cohesively. 5. Removing approximately 1mm thickness of the contaminated putty interface was the most effective treatment in countering the undesirable effect caused by residual resin monomer. The putty-wash bond strength of the groups that were treated with 1mm even putty reduction was not significantly different from those of control groups. With Perfect and Examix, cleaning the specimens with gauze soaked in 70% isopropyl alcohol increased the putty-wash bond strength, but was not as effective as 1mm even reduction of contaminated putty substrates. With Express, 70% isoproryl alcohol treatment exhibi0ted comparable putty-wash bond strength to that of control group.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.22 no.2 s.37
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• pp.449-474
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro shear bond strengths to enamel and the failure sites of three ceramic brackets and one metal bracket in combination with light cured orthodontic adhesive. The brackets were divided into four groups. Each ceramic bracket group had different bonding mechanisms with adhesive. Group A; metal bracket with foil-mesh base (control group) Group B; ceramic bracket with micromechanical retention Group C; ceramic bracket with chemical bonding Group D; ceramic bracket with mechanical retention and chemical bonding. Forty extracted human lower first premolars were prepared for bonding and 10 brackets for each group were bonded to prepared enamel surfaces with $Transbond^{\circledR}$ light cured ortho dontic adhesive. Twenty four hours after bonding, the Instron universal testing machine was used to test the shear bond strength of brackets to enamel. After debonding, brackets and enamel surfaces were examined under stereoscopic microscope to determine the failure sites, Statistical analysis of the data was carried out with ANOVA test and $Scheff\acute{e}$ test using SPSS PC+. The results were as follows. 1 . There were statistically significant differences in mean shear bond strengths of three ceramic bracket groups (p < 0.05). Shear bond strengths of group C and D were significantly higher than that of group B and shear bond strength of group C was significantly higher than that of group D. 2. Group C and D both had significantly higher shear bond strengths than metal bracket (group A), but there were no significant differences in shear bond strengths between group A and B (p < 0.05). 3. The failure sites of four bracket groups were also different. Group C and D failed primarily at enamel-adhesive interface, but group A and B failed primarily at bracket base-adhesive interface. 4. Among all ceramic bracket groups, group B was very similar to metal bracket in the aspect of shear bond strength and failure site.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this research was to investigate difference in shear bond strengths of full-contour zirconia layered with porcelain. Methods: Disk-shaped (diameter: 12.0 mm; height: 3.0 mm) zirconia were randomly divided into six groups according to the surface conditioning method to be applied (N=90, n=15 per group): group 1-contol group(ZC); group 2-airborne particle abrasion with $50-{\mu}m\;Al_2O_3(5A)$; group $3-50-{\mu}m\;Al_2O_3$ + liner(5AL), group $4-110-{\mu}m\;Al_2O_3(1A)$; group $5-110-{\mu}m\;Al_2O_3$ + liner(1AL); group 6-liner(LC). On each block, zirconia porcelain was build up according to manufacturer's instructions. All samples were fixed with measuring jigs and shear bond strength were measured with Universal testing machine. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Win 12.0 statistics program. Results: LC showed the highest value($29.92{\pm}2.55$ MPa) and ZC showed the lowest value($13.22{\pm}1.37$ MPa). Zirconia liner and Alumina oxide groups was significantly higher shear bond strength than control(p<0.05). 5A (without liner $22.18{\pm}2.37$, with liner $22.84{\pm}1.74$ MPa) was higher shear bond strength than $110{\mu}m$ (without liner $20.18{\pm}2.38$, with $20.71{\pm}2.67$). Conclusion: Surface treatments may have advantage in bond strength improvement for full-contour zirconia layered with porcelain.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.169-178
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• 2014

A new series of metal complexes of V(IV), Pd(II), Pt(IV), Ce(IV) and U(VI) with 3-[(3-chlorophenyl)-hydrazono]-pentane-2,4-dione (Cphpd) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment measurements, UV-vis, FT-IR and $^1H$ NMR as well as TG-DTG techniques. The data indicated that the Cphpd acts as a bidentate ligand through the hydrazono nitrogen and one keto oxygen. The kinetic parameters have been evaluated by using Coats Redfern (CR) and Horowitz-Metzeger (HM) methods. The thermodynamic data reflected the thermal stability for all complexes. The calculated bond length and the bond stretching force constant, F(U=O), values for $UO_2$ bond are $0.775{\AA}$ and $286.95Nm^{-1}$. The bond lengths, bond angles, dipole moment and the lowest energy model structure of the complexes have been determined with DFT calculations. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized ligand and its complexes were screened.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2012

Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of chlorhexidine (CHX) on the microtensile bonds strength (${\mu}TBS$) of resin core with two adhesive systems to dentin in endodontic cavities. Materials and Methods: Flat dentinal surfaces in 40 molar endodontic cavities were treated with self-etch adhesive system, Contax (DMG) and total-etch adhesive system, Adper Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE) after the following surface treatments: (1) Priming only (Contax), (2) CHX for 15 sec + rinsing + priming (Contax), (3) Etching with priming (Adper Single Bond 2), (4) Etching + CHX for 15 sec + rinsing + priming (Adper Single Bond 2). Resin composite build-ups were made with LuxaCore (DMG) using a bulk method and polymerized for 40 sec. For each condition, half of specimens were submitted to ${\mu}TBS$ after 24 hr storage and half of them were submitted to thermocycling of 10,000 cycles between $5^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ before testing. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and independent t-test at a significance level of 95%. Results: CHX pre-treatment did not affect the bond strength of specimens tested at the immediate testing period, regardless of dentin surface treatments. However, after 10,000 thermocycling, all groups showed reduced bond strength. The amount of reduction was greater in groups without CHX treatments than groups with CHX treatment. These characteristics were the same in both self-etch adhesive system and total-etch adhesive system. Conclusions: 2% CHX application for 15 sec proved to alleviate the decrease of bond strength of dentin bonding systems. No significant difference was shown in ${\mu}TBS$ between total-etching system and self-etching system.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of multiple application of all-in-one dentin adhesive system on microtensile bond strength to caries-affected dentin. Twenty one extracted human molars with occlusal caries extending into mid-dentin were prepared by grinding the occlusal surface flat. The carious lesions were excavated with the aid of caries detector dye. The following adhesives were applied to caries-affected dentin according to manufacturer's directions; $Scotchbond^{TM}$ Multi-Purpose in SM group, Adper Prompt $L-Pop^{TM}$ 1 coat in LP1 group, 2 coats in LP2 group, 3 coats in LP3 group, $Xeno^{(R)}$ III 1 coat in XN1 group, 2 coats in XN2 group. and 3 coats in XN3 group. After application of the adhesives, a cylinder of resin-based composite was built up on the occlusal surface. Each tooth was sectioned vertically to obtain the $1{\times}1\;mm^2$ sticks. The microtensile bond strength was determined. Each specimen was observed under SEM to examine the failure mode. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The microtensile bond strength values were; SM ($14.38{\pm}2.01$ MPa), LP1 ($9.15{\pm}1.81$ MPa), LP2(14.08{\pm}1.75$ MPa), LP3 ($14.06{\pm}1.45$ MPa). XN1 (13.65{\pm}1.95$ MPa). XN2 ($13.98{\pm}1.60$) MPa, XN3 ($13.88{\pm}1.66$) MPa, LP1 was significantly lower than the other groups in bond strength (p < 0.05). All groups except LP1 were not significantly different in bond strength (p > 0.05). 2. In LP1, there were a higher number of specimens showing adhesive failure. Most specimens of all groups except LP1 showed mixed failure.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.515-522
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of rebase resin to denture base resin. The denture base resins in this study were Premium Super-20(Lang Dental Mfg. Co. Inc., Wheeling, USA) and Lucitone 199(Dentsply International Inc., York, USA). And the rebase resins were Repair Acrylic(Lang Dental Mfg. Co. Inc., Wheeling USA). Toughron Rebase(Miki Chemical Product Co. Ltd., Japan) , Tokuso Rebase(Tokuyama Soda. Co. Ltd., Japan) and Triad VLC Reline Material(Dentsply International Inc., York, USA). The obtained results were as follows : 1. The bond strength of Repair Acrylic to Premium Super-20, and that of Toughron Rebase to Lucitone 199 were the highest. 2. In Premium Super-20 and Lucitone 199, bond strength of all rebase resins had significant differences. 3. The bond strength of Triad VLC Reline Material was inclined to the lowset.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.486-494
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in microleakage of enamel-sealant interface when all-in-one adhesives were used compared with conventional acid etching and single-bottle adhesive system. Seventy-five extracted permanent third molars were randomly divided into 5 groups and treated with only Etching, $Adper^{TM}\;Single\;Bond^{TM}\;Adper^{TM}\;Prompt^{TM}$ L-Pop, AQ-bond and One-up Bond F each. After sealant application, the samples were thermocycled and the degree of microleakage was determined. The results were as follows : 1. Group 3, 4, 5 using the all-in-one adhesive system showed significantly higher microleakage score than Group 1(p<0.05). 2. The lowest mean microleakage score was Group 2(0.41) followed by Group 1(1.05) Group 3(1.65), Group 4(2.85) and Group 5(3.05). 3. Among Groups using all-in-one adhesives, Group 3 showed significantly lower mean microleakage score than the other groups(p<0.05) but showed significantly higher mean score than both Group 1 and Group 2(p<0.05). 4. There was no statistically significant difference(p>0.05) between Group 4 and Group 5. 5. In SEM examination, all the groups used all-in-one adhesive showed shorter resin tags than Group 1.