• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was to examine the degradation rate of alizarin in accelerated degradation conditions using the GC-MS quantitative analysis. Alizarin dye solution (2.5 x 10/sup -3/ M conc.) were kept in 150℃ oven for total of 7 days and the degradation rate was examined each day. 2.5 × 10/sup -4/M conc. alizarin dye solution was mixed with H₂O₂ according to [H₂O₂]/[dye] ratio 40 and were kept under 365㎚ UV for 2 hours, analyzed after 0, 30, 60, 90, 120min using the GC-MS. Gas chromatogram showed alizarin peak at 9.96 - 10.13 min. retention time range and residual peaks in the wide range from 9.6 to 11.1 min. Oven degradation exhibited an initial decrease in the amount of alizarin, which was followed by increasing amount in 4/sup th/ day. The decrease in the alizarin was significantly shown by the 7/sup th/ day. Same pattern was also observed in the H₂O₂/UV/O₂ degradation samples and was verified ed by the UV-VIS spectra. The differences in the amount of alizarin between 1/sup st/ day and 4/sup th/ day samples, 4/sup th/ day and 7/sup th/ day samples, and Control and 7/sup th/ day samples of the oven degradation were significant at alpha .20.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2024

Alizarin dye, a persistent and hazardous contaminant in aquatic environments, presents a pressing environmental concern. In the quest for efficient removal methods, adsorption has emerged as a versatile and sustainable approach. This study focuses on the development and application of Zinc Oxide/Nickel Oxide (ZnO/NiO) nano-composites as adsorbents for alizarin dye removal. These semiconducting metal oxide nano-composites exhibit synergistic properties, offering enhanced adsorption capabilities. Key parameters affecting alizarin removal, such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature, were systematically investigated. Notably, the ZnO/NiO nano-composite demonstrated superior performance, with a maximum alizarin removal percentage of 76.9 % at pH 6. The adsorption process followed a monolayer pattern, as suggested by the Langmuir model. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model provided a good fit to the experimental data. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the process is endothermic and thermodynamically favorable. These findings underscore the potential of ZnO/NiO nano-composites as effective and sustainable adsorbents for alizarin dye removal, with promising applications in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.25-28
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• 1963

Sodium alizarin sulfonate forms stable complex with uranyl ion, particularly over pH 3.85 condition. Spectrophotometric measurements have been used to study these complex. The continuous variation method and mole ratio method have been used to establish that the most stable complex contains one uranyl ion per sodium alizarin sulfonate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1350-1357
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• 2003

This research was aimed to establish the standard extraction and analytical procedures for examining the chromophoric substance in madder root with the ultimate goal of identifying the dyes in badly faded textiles of archaeological origin. The separation temperature of gas chromatography, pH and other extraction conditions were tested. The results were as follows: The suitable separation temperature for the GC cappillary column was 50∼305$^{\circ}C$, and methanol was a good GC solvent for both standard alizarin and madder extraction. The best extraction of madder was achieved by 90 min soaking in room temperature followed by filtration and the actual heat extraction procedure. The best pH for extracting alizarin was pH 3 and above pH 5 alizarin was not detectible. Only alizarin and no purpurin was found in the extraction of the currently used madder plant.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.99-102
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• 1989

The tissue culture of Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis and R. akane were performed to enhance the biosynthesis of anthraquinone pigments under various conditions. The production of alizarin and purpurin in the callus was separately analysed and was quantitatively compared. The pigment biosynthesis was more active in the callus from R. cordifolia var. pratensis than from R. akane. The addition of ${\alpha}-ketoglutaric$ acid, a biosynthetic precursor of anthraquinones, enhanced the production of alizarin and purpurin remarkably.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.421-427
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• 2010

Alizarin Red S modified screen printed carbon electrodes were developed for the electrochemical detection of aluminum ion. The electrodes developed use screen-printed carbon electrodes(SPCEs) coupled with chemical modification with an organic chelator, Alizarin Red S(ARS), for aluminum ion detection in aqueous solution. For sensor fabrication ARS was directly immobilized on the surface of SPCEs using PVA-SbQ(The poly(vinyl alcohol) bearing stryrylpyridinium groups). Aluminum concentrations were indirectly estimated by amperometric determination of the non-complexed ARS immobilized on the electrodes, after its complexation with aluminum. The sensitivity of the sensor developed was $3.8\;nA{\mu}M^{-1}cm^{-2}$ and the detection limit for aluminum was $25\;{\mu}M$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.228-242
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• 2019

This research investigated the effect of mordants on the degradation of madder dye in silk when silk was treated by the H2O2/UV condition as a laboratory simulation of burial induced degradation. Alum, iron, and alum/iron composite mordanting methods were applied to silk before dyeing with madder dye. Dye extracted from silk was examined using HPLC-DAD-MS analysis. The abundance of the chromatogram peak at 8.88 min retention time was used as the concentration of alizarin pigment in silk. K/S values, CIE $L^{\ast}a^{\ast}b^{\ast}$ values; in addition, Munsell HVC values were obtained using a spectrocolorimeter. The findings indicated that alizarin degraded most severely in silk mordanted by alum/iron composite mordanting than alum mordanting or iron mordanting. Mordanting with alum alone provided a relatively lower dye fixation at the point of dyeing; however, it provided a better survival of alizarin after 12 hours of degradation treatment.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.187-189
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• 2013

The antimicrobial activities of emodin and its derivatives (anthraquinone, alizarin, and alizarin-3-methyliminodiacetic acid) were evaluated using a paper disc diffusion method against foodborne bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus intermedius, Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella sonnei). Emodin isolated from C. tora seeds has an antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, followed by alizarin-3-methyliminodiacetic acid ($13.0{\pm}2.5mm$) and alizarin ($11.5{\pm}1.2mm$). Furthermore, emodin showed the antimicrobial activity against S. sonnei and S. typhimurium. In conclusion, C. tora seed and its active component derivatives are useful for the development of natural products on food supplemental agents and pharmaceuticals.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.172-176
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• 1998

An anion exchange resin which has Alizarin Red S (ARS) as functional group was prepared by batch method. The resin is stable in acidic solutions below 0.5 M hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid and adsorption capacity of Fe(Ⅱ) ion on the resin was larger than other metal ions. The preconcentration and the separation of Fe(Ⅱ) ion from the mixture solution were carried out with the pH 4.5 buffer solution and 0.1 M $HNO_{3}$ as eluents.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.235-239
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• 2000

The effects of several compounds related to signal transduction cascade were determined to induce the production of alizarin and purpurin in the hairy root culture system of Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis. It was found that out of five tested compounds jasmonic acid(1 mg/l) and methyl jasmonate(1 mg/l) stimulated strongly the biosynthesis of the pigments while linolenic acid(1 mg/l) induced no significant increase of the product. Yeast extract(600 mg/l) and arachidonic acid(1 mg/l) showed relatively mild inducing effects on production of alizarin. The effects of jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate were reduced by treatment with cycloheximide(2.8 mg/l).