• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1253-1260
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• 2017

Objective: Purpose was to determine the effects of grazing system and floor type on concentrations of blood metabolites, activity of creatine kinase, body weight and carcass characteristics of castrated Nguni goats. Methods: Forty eight, 7 month old goats were randomly allocated to herding and tethering treatments from 0800 to 1300 hours and accommodated on slatted and earth floors daily. Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture every fifteenth day for metabolite analysis. Slaughter was done at a commercial abattoir following 5 months of monitoring. Results: Tethered goats had significantly higher concentrations of urea (5.19 mmol/L) (p<0.001), creatinine ($55.87{\mu}mol/L$) (p<0.05), total protein (64.60 g/L) (p<0.01), and globulin (49.79 g/L) (p<0.001), whereas herded goats had higher glucose (3.38 mmol/L) (p<0.001), albumin (15.33 g/L) (p<0.05), albumin/globulin ratio (0.34) (p<0.01), and body weight (24.87 kg) (p<0.001). Slatted floors caused higher (p<0.01) albumin at 15.37 g/L. The interaction of grazing system and floor type affected creatinine, total protein, globulin at (p<0.01) and albumen/globulin ratio at (p<0.01). The least creatinine concentration and albumin/globulin ratio was in herded and tethered goats that were accommodated on earth floors, respectively. The highest total protein and globulin concentrations were in serum of tethered goats that were accommodated on earth floors. The highest (p<0.05) dressing percentage (45.26%) was in herded goats accommodated on slatted floors. Conclusion: Herding of goats lowered globulin concentration, improved estimated feed intake, blood glucose and albumin concentrations, albumin globulin ratio, increased body weights and weight related carcass characteristics. Floor type had very little effects on metabolites where earth floors only reduced albumin concentration. Tethering and housing goats on earth floors resulted in double stress that increased chronic infections.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.213-225
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• 2010

The objective of the current study was to determine factors influencing concentrations of protein-related blood metabolites in indigenous Nguni and crossbred cattle in the semi-arid communal rangelands in South Africa. The body condition scores (BCS), packed cell volume (PCV) and serum concentrations of protein-related metabolites were determined seasonally in 100 cattle raised on communal rangelands from August 2007 to May 2008. Nguni cattle had lower (p<0.05) albumin-globulin ratio, albumin, urea and creatinine, and higher (p<0.05) globulin concentrations than the local crossbreds. Local crossbreds had higher (p<0.05) alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase concentrations and lower (p<0.05) aspartate aminotransferase concentrations in the postrainy season than Nguni cattle. The creatinine concentrations of Nguni and crossbred cattle were lowest in the sour rangeland during the hot-wet season. The albumin concentrations of Nguni and crossbred cattle were higher (p<0.05) whilst PCV, albumin-globulin ratio and creatine kinase concentration were lower (p<0.05) in the sour rangeland than in the sweet rangeland. Total protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase concentrations of Nguni and crossbred cattle were lower (p<0.05) in the hot-wet and late cool-dry seasons than in other seasons across rangeland types. Urea concentrations in both breeds were highest in the sweet rangeland in the hot-dry season compared to other seasons. It was concluded that Nguni cattle had lower concentrations of protein metabolites than local crossbreds and protein deficiencies were most prominent in the sweet rangeland during the cool-dry seasons.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1964

The ratios of cattle and swine serum proteins taken from the slaughter house were studied by Paper Electrophoresis. 1. Of 79 cattle and 53 swine, 49 cattle and 32 swine were observed in this studying as normal animals, the rest which was over 60% of albumin, globulin values and 1/2 of A/G (albumin/globulin) ratio was observed separately as abnormalities, because physiological examination was not made before slaughter. The ratios of the normal serum proteins were A (albumin) 58.8, ${\alpha}$(alpha-globulin) 13.7, ${\beta}$(beta-globulin) 11.9, ${\gamma}$(gamma-globulin) 28.6, G(total globulin) 49.2, A/G 1.03 in cattle and A 48.4, ${\alpha}$ 18.0, ${\beta}$ 13.6, ${\gamma}$ 20.0, G 51,6, A/G 0.93 in swine, the result including abnormalities showed A 45.5, ${\alpha}$ 14.8, ${\beta}$ 12.5, ${\gamma}$ 26.7, G 54.5, A/G 0.83 in cattle and A 44.5, ${\alpha}$ 19.8, ${\beta}$ 13.7, ${\gamma}$ 21.8, G 55.3, A/G 0.80 in Swine. 2. The A/G ratio of cattle and swine were 1.03 and 0.93 respectively, the A/G ratio of Korean cattle and swine are higher than the ration reported of others. Although A/G ratio of swine was below 1.00, and its value showed slightly higher than the others. The A/G ratio in this result including the abnormalities was relatively low but this ratio was higher than that values obtained by other reporters. 3. Twenty nine percent of cattles and 34 per cent of swines in this study, fluctuation of A/G ratio was great. The values of ${\alpha}$ and ${\gamma}$ globulins thought to be influenced by the amount of total globulin except ${\beta}$-globulin in swine. To obtain more occurate results, more sample size is required, in other hand some animals that is in subclinical condition might influence the values of this study. 4. The ratios of each fraction mobility which were regarded albumin as 100 were A 100, ${\alpha}$ 73, ${\beta}$ 47, ${\gamma}$ 30 in Cattle and A 100, ${\alpha}$ 71, ${\beta}$ 46, ${\gamma}$ 30 in Swine.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6449-6453
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• 2014

Background: Prior studies showed a relationship between serum albumin and the albumin to globulin ratio with different types of cancer. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the albumin-globulin ratio (AGR) for survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 240 lung adenocarcinoma patients. Biochemical parameters before chemotherapy were collected and survival status was obtained from the hospital registry. The AGR was calculated using the equation AGR=albumin/(total protein-albumin) and ranked from lowest to highest, the total number of patients being divided into three equal tertiles according to the AGR values. Furthermore, AGR was divided into two groups (low and high tertiles) for ROC curve analysis. Cox model analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic value of AGR and AGR tertiles. Results: The mean survival time for each tertile was: for the $1^{st}$ 9.8 months (95%CI:7.765-11.848), $2^{nd}$ 15.4 months (95%CI:12.685-18.186), and $3^{rd}$ 19.9 months (95%CI:16.495-23.455) (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier curves showed significantly higher survival rates with the third and high tertiles of AGR in comparison with the first and low tertiles, respectively. At multivariate analysis low levels of albumin and AGR, low tertile of AGR and high performance status remained an independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: Low AGR was a significant predictor of long-term mortality in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Serum albumin measurement and calculation of AGR are easily accessible and cheap to use for predicting mortality in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.145-148
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• 1971

Serum Samples from adult of Korean cattles including 40 females and 20 males were analyzed by sodium salt precipitation and colorimetric method in the purpose of the determination of total serum protein, albumin, globulin, ${\alpha}$-globulin, ${\beta}$-globulin and ${\gamma}$-globulin. The results obtained arc summarized as follows: 1. Mean value of total serum protein showed a slight variation from 7.6%, and its regional and sex differences were not found to be significant. 2. Contents of albumin in serum showed lower level than that of globulin as low level of A/G ratio 0.4 in proportion. 3. Contents of Serum ${\alpha}$-globulin showed 1.4w/v% and $1.51{\pm}0.46$w/v% in each group of female, and $1.31{\pm}0.26$w/v%, in the group of male. 4. Contents of serum ${\beta}$-globulin showed 1.74w/v%, 1.95w/v%, in each group of female, and 1.82w/v% in the group of male. 5. Contents of serum ${\gamma}$-globulin showed 2.32w/v%, 2.30w/v% in each group of female, and 2.30w/v%, in the group of male.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2010

Serum proteins of Korean native dogs (Gyeongju DongGyeong dogs) was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis system. Electrophoretic patterns showed six fractions. Total serum protein and ratio of albumin to globulin were $5.99{\pm}0.83$ (g/dl) and $1.41{\pm}0.29$ (g/dl) in DongGyeong dogs. Relative percentages of total serum albumin and $\alpha-1$, $\alpha-2$, $\beta-1$, $\beta-2$, $\gamma$-globulin fraction were $57.94{\pm}5.43$, $3.15{\pm}2.30$, $7.49{\pm}4.09$, $9.43{\pm}3.50$, $7.63{\pm}5.70$, and $14.36{\pm}7.63$, respectively. It was observed that $\beta$-globulin was higher than other fractions. The most striking alternation with age was founded in the $\gamma$-fractions. Also, it was observed that ratios of albumin to globulin in DongGyeong dogs were higher than on other dogs.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.432-436
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• 1984

Sprague-Dawley계(系) 수컷 흰쥐에게 분말형태로 인삼과량(人蔘適量)(2.5 g/kg)과 과량(過量)(12.5 g/kg)을 사료중(飼料中)에 6주간 투여(投與)하여 이들이 체중증가(體重增加), glucose 및 protein 대사(代謝)에 미치는 영향을 비교검사(比較檢討)한 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 체중증가율(體重增加率)은 인삼과량투여군(入蒙適量投輿群)과 인삼과량투여군(人蔘過量投輿群)이 모두 대조군(對照群)에 비하여 다소 증가(增加)하였으나 유의적(有意的)인 변화(變化)는 아니었다. 2. 혈청중(血淸中)의 glucose 함량(含量)은 인삼과량투여군(入蓼適量投與群)이 대조군(對照群)에 비해 현저하게 낮은 값을 나타내었고 (p<0.001) 인삼과량투여군(入蓼適量投輿群)에서도 유의적(有意的)으로 감소(減少)하였다(p<0.001). 3. 혈청중(血淸中)의 총단백질(總蛋白質) 및 단백질분획(蛋白質分劃)의 함량변화(含量變化)에 있어서 인삼과량투여군(入蔘適量投與群)은 대조군(對照群)에 비하여 albumin, ${\alpha}_1-globulin$, ${\alpha}_2-globulin$, ${\gamma}-globulin$ 및 A/G ratio에 있어서는 유의적(有意的)인 차이가 없었으나 총단백질(總蛋白質)과 ${\beta}-globulin$에 있어서는 유의적(有意的)인 증가(增加)를 나타내었다(p<0.005). 또한 인삼과량투여(入蓼過量投輿)로 총단백질(總蛋白質)과 ${\alpha}_2-globulin$이 증가(增加)된 경향을 보였으며(p<0.05), ${\alpha}_1-globulin$, ${\beta}-globulin$ 및 ${\gamma}-globu1in$에 있어서도 유의적(有意的)인 증가(壇加)를 나타내었다.(p<0.001). Albumin 치(値)는 대조군(對照群)에 비하여 감소(減少)되었고 (p<0.05) A/G ratio역시 현저하게 감소(減少) 되었다(P<0.001).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.133-141
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• 1985

In order to establish a method predicting susceptible cows to the parturient syndrome, various serum chemical parameters (calcium, phosphorus, Ca/P, magnesium, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G, total lipid, non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)) were measured during late pregnancy and their relationships with periparturient diseases were investigated during puerpural period. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The factors affecting the prediction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, magnesium, total protein, globulin, A/G ratio and total lipid at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 70.7%. 2. In the experimental cows producing more than 21kg of milk per day, the factors affecting the prediction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, NEFA and A/G ratio at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 66.7%. 3. In the experimental cows calved more than 3 times, the factors affecting the perdiction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, total protein, albumin and NEFA at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 83.3%.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2021

Background: We aimed to analyze the effectiveness of albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) in predicting postoperative febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) after ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URS) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Methods: From January 2013 to May 2018, 332 patients underwent URS and RIRS. The rate of postoperative fUTI and risk factors for postoperative fUTI were analyzed using logistic regression. Patients were divided into postoperative fUTI and non-postoperative fUTI (non-fUTI) groups. AGR with other demographic and perioperative data were compared between the two groups to predict the development of fUTI after URS. Results: Of the 332 patients, postoperative fUTI occurred in 41 (12.3%). Preoperative pyuria, microscopic hematuria, diabetes mellitus, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperglobulinemia were more prevalent in the fUTI group. Patients in the fUTI group had larger stone size, lower preoperative AGR, longer operation time, and longer preoperative antibiotic coverage period. In a multivariable logistic analysis, preoperative pyuria, AGR, and stone size were independently correlated with postoperative fUTI (p<0.001, p=0.008, and p=0.041, respectively). Receiver operating curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of AGR that could predict a high risk of fUTI after URS was 1.437 (sensitivity, 77.3%; specificity, 76.9%), while the cutoff value of stone size was 8.5 mm (sensitivity, 55.3%; specificity, 44.7%). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that preoperative pyuria, AGR, and stone size can serve as prognostic factors for predicting fUTI after URS.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 1991

To observe the changes of serum proteins according to the process of Babesia gibsoni(B gibsoni) infection, the babesia protozoa($10^8/kg$) were inoculated into the cephalic vein of healthy dogs. The serum proteins of experimentally infected dogs were separated by using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was fractionated to total 6 of bands such as, albumin, ${\alpha}_1$, ${\alpha}_2$, ${\beta}_1$, ${\beta}_2$ and $\gamma$-globulin. 2. The concentration of total protein was shown a decreasing tendency after B gibsoni infection. Albumin and A/G ratio were lowered through all periods of the infection, but they were not significant changes. 3. The level of ${\alpha}_1$-globulin was significantly(p<0.05) incresed in early stage of the infection. 4. The levels of ${\alpha}_2$ and total $\alpha$-globulin were shown highly significant decreases (p<0.01) through all periods of the infection. 5. The levels of ${\beta}_1$ and total $\beta$-globulin had highly significant changes (p<0.01) that was increased in early stage of infection and decreased later. 6. The level of $\gamma$-globulin was seen to be constantly increased through all periods of infection. It was a highly significant change (p<0.01). 7. Plasma protein: fibrinogen (PP:F) ratio was shown a temporally significant increase (p<0.05) following the decrease in early infection.