• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.1051-1061
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• 2024

In this paper, we present some Hadamard-Simpson type inequalities for Hadamard k-fractional integrals of a function f. These inequalities are based on convexity of |f'|, the absolute value of derivative of f. Also, a lower bound for k-fractional integrals is presented in the presence of the convexity of f.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.526-531
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• 1998

A hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) method was performed to grow the $10~240\mu{m}$ thick GaN films on (111) spinel $MgAl_2O_4$ substrate. The GaN films on $MgAl_2O_4$ substrate revealed a photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of the impurity doped GaN by the out-diffusion and auto-doping of Mg from $MgAl_2O_4$ substrate during GaN growth. The PL spectrum measured at 10K consists of free and bound excitons related recombination transitions and impurity-related donor-acceptor pair recombination and its phonon replicas. However, the deep-level related yellow band emission was not observed. The peak energy of neutral donor bound excitonic emission and the frequency of Raman $E_2$ mode were exponentially decreased with increasing the GaN thicknesses. and the frequency of E, Raman mode was shifted with the relation of $\Delta$$\omega$=3.93$\sigma$($cm^{-1}$/GPa), where l1 (GPa) is the residual strain in the GaN epilayers.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.301-311
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• 2015

In this paper, we present the error control techniques for the error correction methods (ECM) which is recently developed by P. Kim et al. [8, 9]. We formulate the local truncation error at each time and calculate the approximated solution using the solution and the formulated truncation error at previous time for achieving uniform error bound which enables a long time simulation. Numerical results show that the error controlled ECM provides a clue to have uniform error bound for well conditioned problems [1].

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.725-732
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• 2021

This paper aims to present a new lower bound for some inequalities related to Frames in Hilbert space. Some refinements of the inequalities for general frames and alternate dual frames under suitable conditions are given. These results refine the remarkable results obtained by Balan et al. and Gavruta.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.12-15
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• 2006

We present the structural, magnetic, and electrical properties in the (Al,Mn)N films with various Mn concentrations grown by plasma-enhanced molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the (Al,Mn)N films have the wurtzite structure without secondary phases. All (Al,Mn)N films showed the ferromagnetic ordering. Particularly, ($Al_{1-x}Mn_{x}$)N film with x = 0.028 exhibited the highest magnetic moment per Mn atom at room temperature. Since all the films exhibit the insulating characteristics, the origin of ferromagnetism in (Al,Mn)N might be attributed to either indirect exchange interaction caused by virtual electron excitations from Mn acceptor level to the valence band within the samples or a percolation of bound magnetic polarons arisen from exchange interaction of localized carriers with magnetic impurities in a low carrier density regime.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.495-509
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• 2013

We study multivariate extension of Kendall's tau and its statistical interpretation. There exist various versions of multivariate Kendall's tau, for example Scarsini (1984), Joe (1990) and Genest et al. (2011); however, few of them mention its lower bounds. For the bivariate case, the Fr$\acute{e}$chet-Hoeffding lower bound can achieve the lower bound of Kendall's tau. However in the multivariate case, the Fr$\acute{e}$chet-Hoeffding lower bound itself does not exist as a distribution, which makes the interpretation of Kendall's tau unclear when it has negative value. In this paper, we explain sufficient conditions to achieve the lower bound of Kendall's tau and provide real data examples that provide further insights into the interpretation for the lower bounds of Kendall's tau.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.112-112
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• 2010

최근 세라믹스의 고온소결과정 없이 상온 후막제조가 가능한 에어로졸 데포지션법이 개발되어 이를 응용한 다양한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 차세대 3차원 초고밀도 집적용연성(flexible)기판재료로서 $Al_2O_3$-PTFE(polytetrafluoroethylene) 복합체를 에어로졸 데포지션을 이용하여 상온제조 하였으며, 제조된 복합체 내의 $Al_2O_3$ 함량계산에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 제조된 복합체는 기존의 세라믹만의 $Al_2O_3$ 후막에 비하여 PTFE의 첨가로 인한 잔류응력 감소효과가 있음이 확인되었으며 SEM, TEM 등 미세구조 분석을 통하여 충격고화 시 파우더의 미립화감소를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 공정의 최적화를 위한 분석 시 중요한 요소인 복합체 내의 세라믹 함량을 간편한 전기적 특성 측정을 통하여 계산하는 방법에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 이를 위하여 이종 물질의 혼합에 관한 이론인 Hashin-Shtrikman bound theory와 3차원 정전장 해석 시뮬레이션을 병행하여 계산의 오차범위를 산출하고 실제 제조된 복합체 내의 $Al_2O_3$ 함량을 5 vol.% 이내의 오차로 측정할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.385-390
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• 2010

We studied the optical characteristics of ZnO:Al and $Al_2O_3$ coated ZnO nanorods. When ZnO:Al is deposited around the undoped ZnO nanorods, thermal diffusion of Al into ZnO gives rise to decrease the binding energy of neutral donor bound exciton whereas an insulating Al2O3 is coated around ZnO, we found that semiconducor-insulator interface states play an important role in optical quenching.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.195-198
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• 1995

In Semi-Solid Forging, it is necessary to control the forming variables accurately in order to make near-net-shape products. Generally, the defects of products may occur due to liquid segregation which can be caused by the degree of deformation and condition of friction in Semi-Solid Forging, where the segregation is to be predicted by flow analysis. This paper presents the feasibility of theoretical analysis model using the new yield function which is proposed by Doraivelu et al. to the flow analysis of the semi-solid dendritic Sn-15%Pb alloys instead of adopting the yield criterion of Shima & Oyane which is used by Charreyron and usefulness of the adopted yield function. The distribution of the liquid fraction at various strains in radial direction and the influence of friction are estimated by Upper Bound Method.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.23-29
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• 2001

The compression behavior of semi-solid materials is studied from a viewpoint of yield criteria and analysis methods. To describe the behavior of materials in semi-solid state, several theories have been proposed by extending the concept of plasticity of porous compressible materials. In the present work, the upper-bound method and the finite element method are used to model the simple compression process using yield criteria of Kuhn and Doraivelu. Segregation between solid and liquid which cause defect of product is analysed for Sn-15%Pb and A356 alloys during deformation in semi-solid state. The comparison of analyses is made according to yield criteria and analysis methods. In addition, the analysis result for semi-solid dendritic Sn-15%Pb alloy is compared with the experimental result of Charreyron et al..