• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.148-156
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• 2019

The Transgenic livestock can be useful for the production of disease-resistant animals, pigs for xenotranplantation, animal bioreactor for therapeutic recombinant proteins and disease model animals. Previously, conventional methods without using artificial nuclease-dependent DNA cleavage system were used to produce such transgenic livestock, but their efficiency is known to be low. In the last decade, the development of artificial nucleases such as zinc-finger necleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas has led to more efficient production of knock-out and knock-in transgenic livestock. However, production of knock-in livestock is poor. In mouse, genetically modified mice are produced by coinjecting a pair of knock-in vector, which is a donor DNA, with a artificial nuclease in a pronuclear fertilized egg, but not in livestock. Gene targeting efficiency has been increased with the use of artificial nucleases, but the knock-in efficiency is still low in livestock. In many research now, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) methods used after selection of cell transfected with artificial nuclease for production of transgenic livestock. In particular, it is necessary to develop a system capable of producing transgenic livestock more efficiently by co-injection of artificial nuclease and knock-in vectors into fertilized eggs.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.215-221
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• 2020

The paradigm of agriculture is also changing to address the problem of food shortages due to the increase of the world population, climate conditions that are increasingly subtropical, and labor shortages in rural areas due to aging population. With the development of Information Communication Technology (ICT), our daily lives are changing rapidly and heralds a major change in agricultural management. In a hyper-connected society, the introduction of high-tech into traditional Agriculture of the past is absolutely necessary. In the development process of Agriculture, the first generation produced by hand, the second generation applied mechanization, and the third generation introduced automation. The fourth generation is the current ICT operation and the fifth generation is artificial intelligence. This paper investigated Smart Farm that increases productivity through convergence of Agriculture and ICT, such as smart greenhouse, smart orchard and smart Livestock. With the development of sustainable food production methods in full swing to meet growing food demand, Smart Farming is emerging as the solution. In overseas cases, the Netherlands Smart Farm, the world's second-largest exporter of agricultural products, was surveyed. Agricultural automation using Smart Farms allows producers to harvest agricultural products in an accurate and predictable manner. It is time for the development of technology in Agriculture, which benchmarked cases of excellence abroad. Because ICT requires an understanding of Internet of Things (IoT), big data and artificial intelligence as predicting the future, we want to address the status of theory and actual Agriculture and propose future development measures. We hope that the study of the paper will solve the growing food problem of the world population and help the high productivity of Agriculture and smart strategies of sustainable Agriculture.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.372-380
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• 2021

Non-point source pollutants and high-concentration livestock wastewater are reported as major factor of water pollution in water system and wet-land. So, LID is suggested as a method to manage of them. wet-lands is presented as effective method for management of NPS from agriculture and livestock farm area based on various NPS reduction mechanism. In this research, the application of wet-lands was evaluated based on monitoring and modeling of agriculture and livestock farm in J city, Jeollabuk-do. As a resutl, EMC during rainfall event was found to be about 27 times higher than dry season based on a BOD. indicating that the management of non-point pollutants is urgent. Modeling-based wet-land reduction efficiency was BOD 57.5%, TN 48.9% and Tp 64.2%. However, removal efficiency of wet-land tends to decrease during the winter and large amounts of rainfall runoff occur, it is necessary to manage of wet-land. Based on the results of this research, wet-land could be proposed as an alternative to stable management of NPS in agriculture and livestock farm area.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.3_spc
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• pp.449-456
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• 2021

Objective: Seaweeds could be an alternative and functional feed resource. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of layers. Methods: Two hundred 36-wk-old layers were divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment had four replicates with 10 hens per experimental unit. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated as control group. Sargassum meals were included 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% to diets for five treatment groups, respectively. Treatment groups were isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. Laying performance and egg quality were measured for eight weeks. Results: Sargassum meal supplementation did not affect daily feed intake. Supplementation 1% to 3% of Sargassum meal in diets increased daily laying rate and egg mass compared with those from control group (p<0.05). Egg qualities among five groups were all similar. Supplementation of 3% Sargassum meal increased the lightness of egg yolk (p<0.05). Eggs produced from layers fed 1% and 2% Sargassum meal had a higher consumer's acceptability than the control group (p<0.05). In blood characteristics, contents of glucose, nitrogen, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) increased as the increase of supplementation ratio of Sargassum meal (p<0.05). In serum antibody titers, supplementation of 2% Sargassum meal stimulated a higher immunoglobulin M (IgM) level than that from control group (p<0.05). However, IgM content of layers fed diets with Sargassum meal ≥3% were decreased (p<0.05). There was no difference in IgA and IgG titers among groups. Conclusion: Supplementation of 1% to 3% Sargassum meal has shown to increase egg laying rate and egg mass of Leghorn layers. However, high supplementation (5%) would negatively affect laying performance. In consideration of laying performance, egg quality, consumer responses, and blood antibody, supplementation of Sargassum meal was suggested 2% in the diet for layers.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.177-183
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• 2023

Rendering, is attracting attention as a technology that can stably and quickly process livestock carcasses. However, large amounts of livestock carcass solid residues are discharged in this process and limited methods are available for recycling them. In this study, rendered animal carcass solid residues were pyrolyzed to produce carbonized materials (350℃; RACR-C) and their chemical properties were investigated. Further, RACR-C were applied to cabbage cultivation for investigating their crop growth characteristics and soil improvement effects. RACR-C contained large amounts of fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and showed no toxic effects on the seedling growth of crops. The content of water-soluble nutrients released from RACR-C under the reaction time increased rapidly within 30 min, but was insignificant compared to the total content. Thus, most fertilizer components in RACR-C were not readily soluble in water. The optimal application amount for applying RACR-C to cabbage cultivation based on the changes in cabbage growth, inorganic content, and soil chemistry was 200 kg/10a. Overall, pyrolysis of solid residues after rendering livestock carcass to produce carbonized material as a soil improver is an effective method to recycle the waste discharged from the rendering process.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.41.1-41.12
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• 2024

Importance: Equines are indispensable in reducing the huge burden on children and women and income generation. On the other hand, minimal attention is given to improving their health and welfare. Objective: This study examined the prevalence and associated risk factors of helminth parasites of equine in the Gamo Gofa Zone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed from June 2019 to March 2020. The study districts and Kebeles were selected purposively based on agroecology whereas selection of study households and animals were performed based on simple random sampling techniques. Identification of nematode, trematode parasite ova and larvae of D. arnfieldi were done by floatation, sedimentation, and Baermann techniques respectively. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression was applied to estimate the prevalence and association of risk factors with helminth parasites. Results: The overall helminth parasite prevalence in the study area was 90.4%, 425/470 (95% [CI], 87.16-92.9). The prevalence of Strongyle, Fasciola, O. equi, P. equorum, D. arnfieldi, and mixed parasite infections were 65.1%, 21.7%, 17.4%, 34%, 34%, and 58.1%, respectively. Infections from Fasciola species and D. arnfieldi infection were four ([AOR], 4.4; 95% CI, 2-9.4) and two times (AOR, 2; 95% CI, 1.1-3.6) respectively more likely occur in donkeys than in mules. The occurrence of Strongyle species in midland agroecology was two times (AOR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-4.7) more likely than lowland agroecology. Conclusions and Relevance: The present study identified diverse species of equine helminth parasites that necessitate urgent disease control and prevention measures.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.281-286
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• 2024

With the commercialization and full-timeization of the livestock industry, civil complaints continue to increase, and the livestock industry is facing a crisis due to social problems such as odor caused by livestock manure, soil pollution, water pollution, and environmental pollution. In order to increase productivity in livestock farms, the amount of livestock manure generated is increasing due to excessive use of protein feed and high-density breeding environment, and complaints such as odor and water pollution due to management problems are increasing rapidly. Livestock odor has emerged as a serious social problem, and due to growing complaints, conflicts between the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the Ministry of Environment are even causing the livestock industry to lower its status. There is an urgent need for solutions to identify problems in the livestock industry and improve policies. This study aims to develop a " Abelmoschus Manihot Jinhuakui " brand that can improve the intestinal environment of livestock, reduce odors caused by livestock excrement, and improve the productivity of livestock farms in order to improve the increasingly serious odor problem in livestock sites. For Jeju livestock farms, which place more importance on the environment by securing tourists, eco-friendly feed additives were applied to the experiment, the results were derived, and the focus was on solving fundamental problems of odor generation through the development and packaging of feed additive brands. We aim to fundamentally solve the odor problem of domestic livestock farms, secure eco-friendly livestock farms, and contribute to reducing livestock odors and increasing productivity through research results that reduce ammonia levels in each livestock farm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.49-49
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• 1997

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the MC1R genotypes of the Chikso (Korean brindle cattle) sires on the coat colors of their offspring. In this study, 15 Chikso sires with known MC1R genotypes were used for breeding in the Gangwon Province Livestock Research Center, the Chungbuk Institute of Livestock and Veterinary Research, and the Livestock Experiment Station, Jeonbuk Institute of Livestock and Veterinary Research from either 2011 or 2012 to 2013. There were 6 sires with $E^+E^+$ genotypes and 9 sires with $E^+e$ genotypes, and their coat colors were all whole brindle (more than 50 of the body). Among the 90 calves produced in 2011~2013 or 2012~2013 from the 15 sires, 50 (55.6%) of them were females and 40 (44.4%) of them were males. Coat colors of the offspring were determined when they reached over 6 months of age. Calves with whole brindle, part brindle, brown and black coat colors were 42 (48.3%), 11 (12.6%), 18 (20.7%) and 16 (18.4%), respectively. Ratio of calves with whole brindle coat color was higher than any other coat colors. Among the offspring with whole brindle color, 20 (41.7%) calves were female and 22 (51.3%) calves were male. By determining the MC1R genotypes of the dams and calves in this study along the family lines, and investigating other genes that may be involved in the coat colors of the Chikso, better breeding system may be established to increase the brindle coat color appearance in the future.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2021

In recent years, various methods of measuring body temperature have been developed using wireless biosensors to facilitate an early detection of pregnancy and parturition in cows. However, there are no studies on real-time monitoring of cattle body temperature throughout pregnancy. Therefore, we investigated the daily mean ruminal temperature in pregnant cows throughout pregnancy using a ruminal bio-capsule sensor and then evaluated the temperature variation between pregnant and non-pregnant cows. In pregnant cows, the mean and standard deviation of ruminal temperature was 38.86 ± 0.17℃. Ruminal temperature in pregnant cows slowly decreased until 180 to 190 days after artificial insemination and after that, the temperature increased dramatically until just before parturition. Furthermore, the means ruminal temperature was significantly different between pregnant and nonpregnant cows. The mean and standard deviation of ruminal temperature were as follows: 38.68 ± 0.01℃ from days 80 to 100, 38.78 ± 0.02℃ from days 145 to 165, 38.99 ± 0.45℃ from days 200 to 220, 39.14 ± 0.38℃ from days 250 to 270 before parturition. Therefore, our results could provide useful data for early detection of pregnancy and parturition in Korean cows.