• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.199-203
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• 2006

The marketability of soybean sprout mainly depends on shape such as hypocotyl thickness and presence of lateral root formation, etc. To clarify the effects of agitating culture box on growth and shape of soybean sprouts, different agitation frequency (0, 3, 5 times day-1) and duration (0, 1, 2, 3 days) were applied during sprout cultivation. More frequent and longer agitation resulted in less lateral root formation and shorter hypocotyl length, while total lengths were not affected by agitation due to agitation-induced root length increment. Agitation also increased the diameter of hypocotyl's hook pin, but not the middle part. Unlike morphological characteristics, the growth of sprouts as measured by fresh and dry weight of cotyledon, hypocotyl, root were not affected by agitation. In conclusion, it is very likely that agitating culture box during sprout cultivation may alter the shape of soybean sprouts without affecting growth of sprouts.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of agitation, aeration and scale-up on the mycelial growth, exo-polysaccharide (EPS) production, and mycelial morphology in the liquid culture of Ganoderma lucidum. A correlation between roughness and operating variables was also studied to scale-up the liquid culture of G. lucidum in a jar fermenter. When the agitation speed or aeration rate increased, the morphological form was changed from rough pellet to smooth pellet form. Increase of the agitation and aeration reduced the mycelial roughness. On the other hand, in the case of pellet size, it was not affected by aeration. The higher EPS production was obtained at approximately 17% of roughness and mycelial pellet size of 3~5 mm. The morphology at each fermenter was closely correlated with kLa value, and it was found that similarity of morphology would be used as a criteria of scale-up for liquid culture of G. lucidum.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2004

To delay the onset of apoptosis in the culture, transformed Tn 5B1-4 cells harboring anti-apoptotic genes, bcl-2 and baculovirus p35, have been established and analyzed for their anti-apoptotic ability in suspension culture using spinner flasks. In the suspension culture at agitation speeds of 100 rpm and 200 rpm, the cell growth of cell clone expressing Bcl-2 protein was much higher than other two clones and the maximum cell density of the clone was 6.0 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ cells/ml and 6.2 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ cells/ml at day three of the incubation. On the other hand, the cell growth of cell clone expressing baculovirus protein P35 was much higher than other two clones in suspension culture at agitation speed of 300 rpm and the maximum cell density of the clone was 6.1 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ cells/ml at day three of the incubation. Based on the pattern of genomic DNA laddering and the microscopic observation of apoptotic bodies, the more apoptotic bodies are induced in Tn 5B1-4 control cell clone at higher agitation speed. This result shows that the shear stress can be a main factor in inducing apoptosis in spinner flask culture. At low agitation speed, cell clone expressing Bcl-2 was more effective in delaying the onset of apoptosis than the cell clone expressing P35. On the other hand, at high agitation speed, cell clones expressing baculovirus P35 was more effective in delaying the onset of apoptosis than the cell clone expressing Bcl-2. Therefore, anti-apoptotic genes, bcl-2 and baculovirus p35, can playa distinct role depending on agitation speed in the suspension culture.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.571-575
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• 2005

A simple, but effective on-line method for estimating the mycelial cell mass concentration from agitation speed data, a most readily-available process variable, has been developed for DO-stat cultures of Agaricus blazei. The dynamic change of dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC) in the initial transient period and the change in yield were considered in the development of the estimation algorithm or estimator. Parameters in the estimation algorithm were calculated from the agitation speed data at 20% of DOC. The proposed estimator could accurately predict the cell mass concentration regardless of DOC levels in the tested range of $10{\sim}40%$, showing a good extrapolation capability.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.382-385
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• 2001

The effect of agitation speed on the production of mycelial growth and exo-biopolymer in bioreaetor culture was investigated. The maximum production of mycelia and exo-biopolymer was obtained at 350 rpm, where the maximum concentrations of mycelial growth and exo-biopolymer were 62 g/L and 23 g/L, respectively. The effect of agitation speed on the hyphal length and the number of tips was examined. The hyphal length and the number of tips of Cordyceps sinensis 16 in bioreaetor culture at 350 rpm were increased up to 660 ${\mu}m$ and 14/ml, respectively.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.24 no.B
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• pp.171-176
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• 2004

The effects of agitation and aeration for exopolysaccharide(EPS) production through batch cultivation of an Enterobacter sp. isolated from the composter were investigated. During the EPS fermentation under conditions of constant agitation speed from 200 to 900 rpm and constant aeration rate of 0.5-2.5 vvm, the low yields of EPS(4.8-5.2g/L) was observed as the viscosity increase of culture broth. With the stepwise increases in agitation speed and aeration rate, the EPS production and the viscosity of EPS were increased 1.3~1.4 times and 2.3~3.6 times higher than those of the fixed conditions, respectively. Therefore, these stepwise increases were considered as the key operating parameters for enhancing EPS production. The max. EPS(6.8g/L) and viscosity(14,000cp) were obtained when the agitation speed was increased from 300 to 900 rpm for 54hrs at 1.5 vvm.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.30-41
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• 2011

The influences of the agitation as well as the addition of medium during culture on the production of embryos were invested in isolated microspore culture of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). When the culture medium was added during initial liquid culture step of liquid-double layer culture, the embryo yield and quality greatly increased. The most effective time point for medium addition was 5 days after the culture commenced. On the other hand, the effect of medium addition at later double layer culture step in liquid-double layer culture on the embryo production was less compared to that of medium addition during the initial liquid culture step. Agitating the culture for 1 week during later double layer culture step in liquid-double layer culture effectively increased the production of normal cotyledonary embryos. In the case of liquid culture, agitating the culture for 1 week from 7 days after the culture commenced was also effective for embryo development. However, when the total agitation time was longer (2 to 3 weeks) during liquid-double layer culture or liquid culture, the embryos developed abnormally in both cases. The normal cotyledonary embryos obtained in this study successfully developed to plants when transferred to regeneration media. These regenerated plants were either diploid or haploid, and there was a difference in the number of chloroplasts between guard cells of diploid and haploid. These results can be used as an important data for developing an efficient microspore culture system with high quality embryo production in hot pepper.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.628-631
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• 2000

The timing of poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biosynthesis was controlled by varying the agitation speed of a stirred tank fermentor during the pH-stat fed-batch culture of recombinant Escherichia coli strain GCSC 6576 harboring pSYL107. Using a concentrated whey solution containing ca. 200 g/l lactose as the nutrient feed, the PHB content was only 57% after 35h due to volumetric limitation of the fermentor. However, by limiting the oxygen by maintaining the agitation speed at 300 rpm, the final PHB content increased to 70% after 70h with a cell concentration of 15 g/l. When the agitation speed was increased up to 500 rpm, a cell concentration of 31 g/l with 80% PHB was obtained after 52h. A further increase in the maximum agitation speed increased the cell concentration, PHB concentration, and PHB productivity, however, the PHB content decreased to 56-58%.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2021

Roridin E, produced by Podostroma cornu-damae, is a mycotoxin with anticancer activity. To increase the content of roridin E, submerged culture conditions were optimized using response surface methodology. Three factors, namely, medium initial pH, incubation time and agitation speed were optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The optimum submerged culture conditions to increase the content of roridin E included a medium with an initial pH of 4.0, an incubation time of 12.90 days, and an agitation speed of 63.03 rpm. The roridin E content in the submerged culture, under the aforementioned conditions, was 40.26 mg/L. The findings of this study can help lower the current price of roridin E and promote its related research.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.350-351
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• 2000

We isolated cellulose-producing bacteria from persimmon vinegar(Korea traditional fermentation food). Some of these strains were selected for cellulose production in agitation culture. On the other hand, it was also found that strains suitable for static culture production were not necessarily suitable for agitation culture. Therefore we estimated the cellulose production of these isolates in static culture. To determine nutritional requirement for the production of bacterial cellulose, several nutrients as carbon source, nitrogen and mineral salt were tested.