• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 1984

Even though the tarnishing and corrosion problems characteristic with dental silver-palladium alloy are not yet fully solved, it is recently widely used because of its low cost. However the effects of major alloying elements on the various properties of this system are not fully understood. The object of this research is to clarify the effects of In and Zn additives on the corrosion and tarnishing resistances and precipitation hardening behavior of this sytem, using electrodynamic polarization, immersion, and Vicker's microhardness test and X-ray diffraction and electron probe micro analysis methods. The obtained results were as follows: I. As indium content is increased, both the corrosion resistance in Cl-solution and microhardness are also increased while the tarnishing resistance is decreased. 2. As Zinc content is increased, the corrosion resistance is decreased, but tarnishing resistance is increased 3. At 70Ag-25Pd-2.5Zn-2.5In composition, the precipitation harding behavior was mot significant. The optimum aging temperature was $450^{\circ}C$ and the time was 2 hrs. The resulting specimen of this work carried 180VHN. 4. Under the heat treatment, the changes in the mechanical property are due to the changes in the shape and composition of dendrite matrix, namely, it is because of the precipitation hardening behavior which has been proved by electron probe micro analysis and optical microscopic finding.

• 농촌계획
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to approach for the flow analysis of changing central-place functions and basic demands between the central city and the small town. Under the rural society progressed, this study examines how the small town changes in the relation to the central city. The subject of study is based on changes in demand for retail and hospitality. The small town is providing basic demands and urban services primary for the rural in the settlement system. Because of the rural depopulation and the aging of society, Retail and hospitality in the rural is reducing of the facility followed. But the majority of related researches are stocks approach. These studies are useful to find out the characteristic of small town, but is difficult to consider the influence of the central city. In this situation after this study using the function index is set up a concept model, it examines for the basis of changes in demand for the small town. The result of the analysis is that the changes of retail and hospitality are more severe in the more small town than in the central city. Whereas the small town with a population decline is consistent with the reduced number of branches, Population growth in the central city is reduced to the number of the Number of branches. The central-place function has been strengthened in the central city. While the younger generation, recreation, etc. related retail are disappearing rapidly, the mainstream of small town is grocery, home improvement, restaurants.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 2006년 수도권 가구통행실태조사 자료를 활용하여 비업무통행빈도에 대한 고령자의 통행특성을 분석하였다. 분석결과 비업무통행빈도에 대한 고령자의 통행특성은 타 연령층과 상이한 것으로 나타났으며, 분석모형은 특정 변수에 이분산성을 가정한 이분산 서열로짓모형의 설명력이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 모형추정 결과 고령자는 연령층이 낮을수록, 여성일수록, 운전면허를 가지고 있을수록, 직업 및 가구내 미취학 아동이 없을수록, 그리고 가구내 특정수준 이상의 월평균소득이 있을 경우 비업무통행빈도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 분석결과에 대한 정책적 시사점으로 모든 고령자에 대하여 획일적인 교통정책을 수립하는 것 보다 고령자의 개인적 특성차이(연령대별 건강상태 등)를 고려한 교통정책이 수립되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.165-169
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• 1971

Slushed ice와 dry chilling chamber에 각각 도계 직후 냉장한 12주생 영계의 가슴 및 다리 근육으로부터 KCl-phosphate buffer를 사용하여 도계후 $1{\sim}25$시간 사이에 함질소물을 추출했다. Extractable nitrogen의 변화는 주로 myosin의 extractability 감소, 그리고 어느정도 actomyosin의 extractability 증가 결과로 일어남이 밝혀졌으며, 한편 stroma. sarcoplasmic protein 및 비단백함질소물(none protein nitrogen)의 변화는 적었다. Myosin extractability는 도계후 처음 3시간 동안에 급격히 감소하여 그후 계속적으로 wet chilling 동안 감소했으나 dry chilling의 경우 myosin extractability의 감소는 가슴근육보다 다리근육에서 더 많았으며 extractability는 도계 17시간 후부터 증가했다. Actomyosin은 wet chilling의 경우 계속적으로 소량밖에 추출되지 않았으나 dry chilling의 경우 도계후 17시간 이후부터 증가했는데, 이런 경향은 breast muscle과 leg muscle이 동일했다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 1998

This study uses [the instrument of ageing anxiety] in order to find if a negative prejudice against the old affects the attitude toward sex of the aged. The result shows no significant relation between ageing anxiety and the knowledge of and attitude toward sex of the aged. However, it does show that the higher the ageing anxiety is, the lower the knowledge of sex and the more restrictive the attitude toward it. The knowledge of and attitude toward sex of the aged shows meaninggul changes after education. Nursing students who were educated come to have more knowledge about and are more open to it. This result supports the preposition of this study. As society grows older the endeavour to guarantee a high-quality life for the old is necessary and the old should be regarded as an entity which has its own characteristic desires. Especially for the old to enjoy a good life as a sexual being, the mystical barriers about sex and old age ought to be removed. In the future the old themselves may maintain sexual desires regardless of age and society will be required to correct its prejudice against the old having sex. Particularly nursing students, as an effort to provide the old with overall care, should examine the elderly's sexual desires in a physical, psychological, and social context and consider the normal sexual changes occuring during the aging process and finally integrate this information into their nursing plans. In order to fulfill this role successfully they should overcome their own prejudice and educate themselves about this particular problem. As the proportion of the old becomes bigger and the concern about the quality of their life grows, sex among the old will become more important in the nursing field. By putting an educational mediation programme into operation with nursing students and estimating the effect, this study supplies the foundation to activate new educational programmes. In short it tells us that education can be a practical method to confront the myth and conventions concerning sex among the aged.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to offer and analysis the stage of elderly in order to improve the quality of living environment of elderly in Korea. Taking into account the retirement age in Korea, those households with people over 60 years old were chosen for the investigation. For the study methods, an examination of documents centering on previous related studies and the analysis of references from the National Statistical Office, from which a general social situation can be clearly obtained, are used. The results are as follows; From viewpoint of the stage of elderly, Parents and children of families mostly live together stage 1 and 2, mostly live separately at stage 3, the rate of living together increases stage 4 and 5. In over stage 4, there are some cases in which the Korean tradition of three generations living under one roof appears as well. The residing period at one place becomes longer as people grow older, which shows clearly the characteristic of 'ageing in place', therefore in order to continue to provide housing support to the elderly, the characteristics of each elderly stage will have to be considered. In the life of the elderly, more and more hobby groups and meetings among the older population have been created, which means that elderly centered social activities will become more various, and facilities and community activated methods will have to be provided accordingly. Elderly people become less adaptable in new housing environments as they get older, therefore the housing has to accommodate their capability to adapt and the degree of aging. The stage of elderly can be used as a basic reference for a more effective solution when planning elderly housing in the future.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.437-441
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• 2008

The community mixed-support facility in Japan is making efforts to try various approaches according to the changes made to allow the privatization of public facilities on the basis of Act on Special Measures for Urban Regeneration since 2004. Due to this change in policy, the community mixed-support facility is now taking further steps in trying to implement variety of approaches in the perspective of urban regeneration and urban maintenance and at the same time the trend of installation of community facility has gone through vivid changes for the last 20 years. The causes of this are from the social demand that claims for of new facilities and the change in the subsidy system in relation to equality in facility installation. Examples of the first cause can be the building of perpetuating educational society, an execution or a movement towards the society of gender equality, a countermovement for an aging society as well as a welfare society, and recently social phenomenon related to consumption is becoming an issue. And for the last, the number of construction of facilities is increasing that grow out of the traditional facility system. The complex of community mixed-support facility will provide public administrative and community mixed-support services to local people as well as to form a notion of community and a feeling of solidarity. Ultimately, this will develop local areas by regional interchanging of information. In this very research, we will analyze the community mixed-support facility and its characteristics as well as its implications and consider the types of complex through many preceding instances in Japanese community mixed-support facility.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권5C호
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• pp.512-518
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• 2006

몰입감을 향상시키는 초대형 화면을 생성하기 위하여 여러 개의 프로젝터에서 투사되는 영상을 연결하여 마치 하나의 프로젝터에서 투사되는 영상처럼 보이게 하는 기술에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행 되고 있다. 각 프로젝터의 밝기는 그 모델이나 램프의 사용기간에 따라서 달라진다. 이를 보정하기 위하여 여러 프로젝터에서 투사된 영상들의 밝기를 균일하게 맞추는 일이 중요하다. 기존의 방법들은 프로젝터의 밝기 값만을 고려한 방법으로 밝기 보정을 하면 디스플레이 되는 화면이 어두워지는 경향이 있다. 본 논문에서는 프로젝터의 밝기만을 고려하던 기존의 밝기 보정 방법들과는 달리 프로젝터의 입력 영상의 밝기를 고려한 프로젝터의 밝기 보정방법을 제안하였다. 그 결과 기존의 방법들에 비해 멀티 프로젝터를 사용하여 스크린에 투사된 영상들의 밝기를 개선하여 자연스러운 영상을 얻을 수 있다. 이상의 과정을 simulation하여 그 동작을 확인하였고, 실제 영상에 적용하여 그 성능의 우수성을 입증하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.679-686
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• 2010

A proprietary device is adopted to break out the membrane of cell in the rigid polyurethane foam. As it is known, the membrane of cell is hardly tearing-off thoroughly in a mechanical way due to both its elastic characteristic and micro sized pores. In this study, a novel experimental approach is introduced to burst out all gases inside the cells of the rigid polyurethane foam by abrasively grinding micro-cells completely into fine powder. The biggest advantage of this approach is to be capable of releasing all gases out from the cell even in the micro pores. As clearly reflected from the repeatability, the accuracy of the result is highly improved and high confidence in the data sets as well. For the measurements of not only gas composition but partial pressure for each gas simultaneously as well, a precision gas mass spectrometer is used in-line directly to the abrasive grinding device. To control the starting point of the polyurethane foam, all samples were prepared on site in the laboratory. Manufactured time is one of the most critical factors in characterization of cell gas composition because it is known that one of gas composition, especially, carbon dioxide, is diffused out dramatically in a short period of time as soon as it is foamed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2014

Background: In Japan, more than 60% of employees are reported to suffer from anxiety and stress. Consequently, Japanese society has begun to address such important issues as psychogenic disability and job-related suicide. Furthermore, given the aging of society and the surge in the number of elderly people requiring care, it is necessary to adequately and proactively support employees who care for their elderly relatives. The purpose of the present study was to investigate caregiver burden in caring for elderly relatives and work-related stress factors associated with mental health among employees. Methods: We studied 722 men and women aged 18-83 years in a cross-sectional study. The K10 questionnaire was used to examine mental health status. Results: The proportion of participants with a high K10 score was 15% (n = 106). Having little conversation with their supervisor and/or coworkers significantly increased the risk of depression [odds ratio (OR) 1.8], as did high job overload (OR 2.7) and job dissatisfaction (OR 3.8), compared with employees who frequently conversed with their supervisor and/or coworkers. Caring for elderly relatives as a prominent characteristic of an employee was a significant risk factor for depression (OR 2.1). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that employees who were caring for elderly relatives were significantly associated with an increased risk of depression. To prevent depressive disorders, it may be important to focus on reducing the work-caregiving role conflict, as well as enhancing employees' job control and better rewarding their efforts in the workplace.