• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.115-132
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• 2001

This study examined the effects of mother's parenting and children's reflection on the development of self-control in the resistance to temptation situation. Subjects were 85 3-, 4- and 5- year old children attending educational preschool and their mothers. Each subject's activities were videotaped for 10 minutes in the experimental settings. Children's reflection was evaluated by Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test(MFF). Mothers completed a parenting questionnaire. Results showed no age or sex difference in resistance to temptation. Task patience increased with age, and girls had more task patience than boys. Children's resistance to temptation and task patience correlated with children's reflection and mother's parenting. Children's MFF latency and mother's permissiveness-nonintervention predicted children's resistance to temptation. Children's MFF errors, sex, age and mother's warmth-acceptance predicted children's task patience.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.136-141
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• 1989

The purpose of this survey was to understand the attitudes, consumption patterns and preferences of domestic consumers relating to ginseng products in general. This study involved 1,305 people (420 agents, 742 ginseng farmer, 143 staff of Korea Tobacco and Ginseng Co.). The results obtained are summerized as follows. 1, Preferences for ginseng were very high for the majority of the respondents. 2. Most (80%) of the respondents had experience in taking ginseng. They expected ginseng to have efficacy as remidy for the hang-over syndrome, gastronil troubles and high blood pressure, in that order. 3. The patron of ginseng were, for the most part, men in the prime of manhood and old age. The favored products and the preferences regarding the organic condition of the ginseng products differed by sex and age. 4 To sum up the results of this study, we conclude that moderate priced ginseng products, not only easy to use and carry but also attractive to age and sex, should be developed without losing the efficacious components and characteristics.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.975-981
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of moxibustion at matched acupoints of ST36, ST37 and ST39 in rats with sex and age. This study measured small intestinal motility in rats. First, cauterize with moxa was applied to the ST36, ST37 and ST39 in rats classified by sex and age under enflurane anesthesia. And then same treatment is done to matched acupoints of ST36, ST37 and ST39. In each groups of ST36, ST37 and ST39, the small intestinal motility was increased in 5, 6, 8 weeks male and 5 weeks female rats at ST36, 6, 7 weeks male and 5, 6, 8 weeks female rats at ST37, 5, 6 weeks male and 5 weeks female rats at ST39. In matched acupoints, the small intestinal motility was increased in 5, 8 weeks male and 5, 6, 7, 8 weeks female rat at ST36+ST37, 5 weeks male and 6, 7, 8 weeks female rats at ST36+ST39, 5, 7 weeks male and 5, 8 weeks female rats at ST37+ST39. The effects of moxibustion at each acupoints decreased by advancing age and when these acupoints were combined, the effective results were shown in female rats of all age group. These results suggest that when each acupoints and matched acupoints was chosen in moxibustion treatment, the sex and age of individual is worth consideration.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.217-225
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• 2022

The population of pet cats has increased significantly, from 0.3% in 2002 to 5.6% in 2017. Large-scale feline demographic and disease data from Korea are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic data (breed, sex, and age) and disease distribution of cats who visited private veterinary practices in Korea. Data including breed, sex, age, and disease, were compiled from 32,728 electronic medical records from 30 selected private veterinary practices, between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017. Diseases were classified based on the International Classification of Diseases 11 by the World Health Organization, and then compared and cross-analyzed according to breed, sex, and age. Korean shorthair was the most common breed. There was a high distribution of young cats, with 77.6% of the cats under 4 years of age, and an average age of 2.5 years. Diagnoses related to preventative medicine were the most frequent and diagnoses common to young cats had higher incidence. This demographic data and information about disease distribution can be used as a basis for future research and may be helpful for determining priorities in the diagnosis of diseases and establishing strategies for health management in cats.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.678-686
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare the physical and psychological functioning by sex, weight and age in Judo athletes. The 124 participants; high school students, college students, and team players. They used physical tests to measure physical examinations by self-describing Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score test, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score test, and Oswestry Disability Index, and psychological tests such as Profile of Mood Test, Athletes' Self-Management Questionnaire, and The Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28, to examine the effects of physical and psychological functions of sports athletes. The physical tests of sex showed differences in knee and back, psychological tests of sex showed differences in mood state, self-management, and athletic coping skills. As a result of physical examination by weight, there was a difference in knee pain and sports items, psychological tests showed that there was a significant difference in mood state except for vitality. Physical examination by age showed differences in knee, ankle, and back. As a result of age-based psychological test, mood state test showed difference in all items except tension and vitality. There was a significant difference only in the items of physical management in self-management test. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basic data for sports injury training and medical technology development by sex, weight and age of Judo athletes.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to determine the prevalence of calcifications in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to evaluate any associations between the presence of such calcifications and degenerative bone alterations of the TMJ, sex, or age. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 1,058 CBCT exams were analyzed, and data regarding the presence and quantity of calcifications, the affected side, any degenerative alterations of the condyle, sex, and age were collected. To evaluate associations between the presence of calcifications and sex or age, the Fisher exact test or the Spearman correlation coefficient, respectively, was used. To assess the association between the presence of calcifications and joint bone alterations, the chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used. The significance level adopted was 5% (P<0.05). Results: Twenty-eight patients (2.7%) presented with TMJ calcifications, including 23 women (82.1%) and 5 men (17.9%). Significant correlations were found between the presence of calcifications and age (P<0.05) and between the presence of calcifications and the presence of condylar alterations (P<0.05), with 73.2% of patients with bone alterations having TMJ calcifications. Conclusion: It may be concluded that, although rare (with a prevalence of only 2.7%), intra-articular calcifications are associated with both degenerative bone alterations and age.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.259-273
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• 1999

This studied investigated children's music identification, classification, and seriation cognitive task performance abilities by age and sex. The subjects were l20 six-, eight-, and ten-year-old school children. There were significant positive correlations among music cognition tasks and significant age and sex differences within each of the music tasks. Ten-year-old children were more likely to complete their music identification tasks than the younger children and girls were more likely than boys to complete their music identification tasks. Eight- and 10-year-old children were more likely to complete their music classification tasks than the younger group. Piagetian stage theory was demonstrated in children's music classification task performance. There was an age-related increase in the performance of the music seriation tasks. Developmental sequential theory was demonstrated in music seriation performance.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.93-99
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• 2016

Completeness is an important indicator of data quality in cancer registry programs. This study aimed to estimate the completeness of registered cases in a population based cancer registry program implemented in five provinces of Iran. Capture-recapture methods were used to estimate the number of cases that may have been missed and to estimate rates of completeness for different categories of age, year, and sex. The data used for this study were obtained from three sources: 1) National Pathology Database; 2) National Hospital Discharge Database; and 3) National Death Registry Database. The three sources were linked and duplicates were identified based on first name, last name, father's names, and date of birth, ICD code, and case's residency address using Microsoft Excel. Removing duplicates, the three sources reported a total of 35,643 cases from March 2008 to March 2011. Running many different multivariate models of capture-recapture and controlling for source dependencies revealed an overall under-reporting of 49% in all five registries combined. The estimated completeness differed based on age, sex, and year. The overall completeness was higher for males than females (71.2% for males and 59.9% for females). Younger age had lower rates of completeness compared to older age (38.1% for <40 years, 55.4% for 40-60 years, and 76.7 for >60 years). The results of this study indicated a moderate to severe (depending on the age, sex and year) degree of completeness in the population based cancer registration of Iran.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to analyse factors related to sex behavior and intention to premarital purity on the basis of theory of reasoned action. A structured Questionnaire was developed on the basis of Triandis model. Survey was conducted to 1662 unmarried person in high school students, college students, and workers. The results are as follows. For the factor of sexual behavior, male, older age had higher experience to sexual relationship, but for the factor of premarital purity, female and workers than student had higher consciousness of purity. Positive attitude to premarital purity, expectation toward preservation of purity, parental and social normative influence and facilitating factor such as experiences of sex education showed significant relationship to intention of premarital purity. Also multiple logistic regression showed that health behaviors such as smoking and drinking, sex and job were statistically significant factor for sex behavior. The result of this study suggest that educational program sex as well as good health behavior should developed and theory-based models in conducting health education research.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.197-201
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• 1993

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of hatch and sex on the body weight and shank length of growing pheasant. Least squares means of body weight at the age of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 wks were 17.9, 96.0, 296.4, 563.4, 709.0 and 757.4 g for female, and 18.3, 104.4, 349.1, 728.5, 1001.4 and 1101.6 g for male, respectively. The hatch effect on body weight was significant at the age of 4, 8, 12 and 16 wks (P＜0.05), but the effects on shank length were significant at the age of birth and 8 wks only. There was no significant hatch effect on both the body weight and shank length at the age of 20 wks(P＞0.05). Least squares mean differences between female and male were significant(P＜0.01) over all wks of age except at hatch.