• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.3 s.65
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• pp.131-142
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop an online community construct, which proposes an inclusive illustration of the structure of online communities, for online community designers. This study reviewed researches from psychology, sociology, management engineering, and practical reports to understand the characteristics and dynamics of online communities. The proposed online community construct visualizes the cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of online community. As the notion of community originates from geographical groups, and with the assumption that geographical community shares identical characteristics with online community, this study reviewed researches about geographical communities as a starting-point. Then the study went through three main perspectives (1) online community attributes, (2) sense of online community and (3) challenges of online community. Then this study proposed an online community construct that encompasses the reviewed frameworks. The online community can be seen as a congregation of members from two sources. One is from the 'Shared Goal' that meets the personal needs. Given the shared goal, members gather into the community without personal relationship and have more chances to feel the sense of belonging to their needs fulfillment or benefit. This befitting tendency leads to strengthening of membership. Public online forums fall under this classification. The other source is from the emotional connections that are already initiated by personal and casual contacts in the real world. The network of emotional connection can evolve into an online congregation of people under faint boundaries. Although there is no (or weak) shared goal, members are strongly bound to other members. Personal homepage or web log (blog) can be classified as an example of relationship-oriented community.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2010

Reliable dynamic analysis is essential in order to properly maintain structures so that structural hazards may be minimized. The finite element method (FEM) is proven to be an affective approximate method of structural analysis if proper element types and meshes are chosen. When the method is applied to dynamics analyzed in time domain, the meshes may need to be modified at each time step. As many meshes need to be generated, adaptive mesh generation schemes have become an important part in complex time domain dynamic finite element analyses of structures. In this paper, an adaptive mesh generation scheme for dynamic finite element analyses of structures is described. The concept of representative strain value is used for error estimates and the refinements of meshes use combinations of the h-method (node movement) and the r-method (element division). The validity of the scheme is shown through a cantilever beam example under a concentrated load with varying values. The example shows reasonable accuracy and efficient computing time. Furthermore, the study shows the potential for the scheme's effective use in complex structural dynamic problems such as those under seismic or erratic wind loads.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.225-234
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• 2018

The purpose of this study empirically examined relationship among affectivity(positive affectivity vs. negative affectivity) and organizational commitment on job satisfaction and work performance of information security professionals. To this end, we conducted a questionnaire survey on 174 information security professionals and analyzed the collected data using structural equation modeling (SEM). It was found that positive affectivity had a positive influences on organizational committment. But negative affectivity was not significantly related to organizational committment. In addition, organizational committment had a positive relationship with job satisfaction and work performance. The results of the empirical study are meaningful to understand the effects of the positive affective aspect of information security professionals on job satisfaction and work performance.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

In ship design or offshore structure design, the evaluation of buckling strength (or ultimate strength) is critical to the determination of scantling of stiffened plates. For this reason, it is useful to study the effect of applying different formula or the relationship between stiffened plate with buckling utilization factor (UF). It can facilitate a designer to decide how much the scantling should be reinforced or how much can be reduced for an optimal design. This paper conducts a comparative study for three buckling check methods; DNV-Ship-Rule, DNV-RP-C201, DNV-PULS. The capacity curves and 2D contour plot for utilization factors versus bi-axial in-plane stresses are compared. The contour plots of DNV-Ship-Rule and DNV-PULS show smoothly increasing trends of UF as the applied in-plane stresses increase, however that of DNV-RP-C201 shows rapidly increasing trend as the applied stresses go beyond transverse buckling stress. A sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the influence level of each parameter of a stiffened plate on UF. Resulting from the analysis, plate thickness is identified to be the most affective parameter to UF regardless of the buckling check methods. Based on the addressed study, optimal designs for bottom plate of 165 K tanker corresponding to three formulas are compared with each other. DNV-PULS yields 1 mm and 2 mm less thickness than DNV-Ship-Rule and DNV-RP-C201, respectively.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 1992

Rats and Cockroaches are the most problematic pests of our living environment, Rats generally fall under three categories, namely, the Norway rats, the roof rats and the mouses, Among these three types, the roof rats are increasing rapidly in number and their habitats are spreading quickly in the city area, where as the Norway rats are decreasing both in number and habitat. There are numerous damages that these pests create in our society, The rat induce damages to computers and other information processing equipments, sometimes cause light-out, and other financial losses and other sanitary problems. The cockroaches, apart from inducing serious sanitary problems, is an insect that creates insectophobia. decently, it has been revealed that cockroaches are also the main carriers of allergic diseases. Among the pesticides employed against rats in Korea, Beta - fluoro acetate(1080) was initially used after the National Liberalization. Later, the Korean government imported anticoagulant rodenticide for its control. This was followed by a brief, unsuccessful utilization of Zinc Phosphide. Since the begin of 1980s, with the advent of pest control companies, first generation anticoagulant rodenticide were developed in Korea and recently followed by a widespread use of pesticide that utilizes second generation anticoagulant material, the "Brodifacoum" . Among insecticides employed against cockroaches, "Fenitrothion" "Dusban" "DDVP" "Diazinon" and others have been used. They were gradually being replaced by the use of synthesised pyrethroid insecticides until recently. Today there is a wide spread use of bait poisons, the "hydramethylnon" Nevertheless, full prevention and control can not be realized with the sole use of the pesticides. In the future, hygine and proofing, combined with affective pest management, must be incorporated in order to bring about more satisfactory and fruitful preventive measures.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.295-302
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• 2018

Since the history of the South Korea roundabouts is short, there is a possibility that drivers' awareness for the roundabouts (rules of the road, definition, location, etc.) is low, which may affect the compliance with traffic rules. Based on this assumption, the objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the awareness and the compliance of traffic rules for roundabouts using a structural equation modeling (SEM). To carry out this objective, an online survey was conducted for 526 drivers, who reside in Goyang, Korea, and an SEM was estimated based on the survey data. As a result, it is concluded that awareness of roundabout has a positive impact on the compliance of traffic rules. Additionally, the compliance is found to show a positive relationship with driving experience. Based on the analysis results, an affective approach through soft measures such as awareness campaigns and educations is recommended to effectively address and mitigate the negative issues induced by roundabouts.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.717-724
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• 2020

Due to the important role played by emotion in human interaction, affective computing is dedicated in trying to understand and regulate emotion through human-aware artificial intelligence. By understanding, emotion mental diseases such as depression, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and game addiction will be better managed as they are all associated with emotion. Various studies for emotion recognition have been conducted to solve these problems. In applying machine learning for the emotion recognition, the efforts to reduce the complexity of the algorithm and improve the accuracy are required. In this paper, we investigate emotion Electroencephalogram (EEG) feature reduction and classification using Stack AutoEncoder (SAE) and Long-Short-Term-Memory/Recurrent Neural Networks (LSTM/RNN) classification respectively. The proposed method reduced the complexity of the model and significantly enhance the performance of the classifiers.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 1995

The automatic control system in the greenhouse have to be developed to the direction of considering various factors the variables such as condition of the cultivation and greenhouse, the properties and types of products. Therefore, it is more important to set up variables appropriately than the problems of automatic control system itself, and the automatic control system which satisfy these problems should be simplified in the aspect of operation. In addition, even the individual automations are not perfect yet, so more studies are required for the development of comprehensive automatic system in korea. This study was carried out to automatize environment control systems for greenhouse, especially from most intensive labor requiring parts such as watering, irrigating liquefied fertilizer, spraying chemicals, mixing and ventilation system, etc. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Control type tensiometer was expected to be desirable in the automation of watering system, therefore, a new tensiometer was designed and developed through this study. 2. The chemical spraying system developed through this study was found to be excellent in the aspect of operation. 3. When pulse type water discharge meter was used in the mixing of liquefied fertilizer and chemical solution, the error of mixing were range $\pm$0.1~0.15%. 4. The water level switch of electrod type used for controlling water level was found to be affective in both control performance and operation cost. 5. The water and level control system can be omitted if each tank size are standardized in accordance with greenhouse size, therefore, the installation cost might be significantly reduced. 6. The developed general controller was excellent in hardware parts, but still remained to be improved in software parts.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.419-431
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• 2012

This paper takes precautions proposals against prospective disasters from the space weather maximum in 2013. A geomagnetic space storm sparked by a solar maximum like the one that flared toward earth is bound to strike again and could wreak havoc across the modern world. The purpose of the study is that the disaster reduction and safety service implementation study on the ultimate space weather systems by the information systems of the space weather. The process methods of the study are that an implementation of preparation for the smart IT and GIS based disaster management systems of the solar maximum deal with analysis on the flare, solar proton event, and geomagnetic storm from space blasters, These approach and methods for the solar maximin display national policy implementation of the pattern of the radio wave disasters from the protection and preparation methods. This research can provide affective methods for the saving lives and property protections that implementation of the disaster prediction and disaster prevention systems adapts the smart IT systems and converged decision making support systems using uGIS methodology.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.281-287
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• 2019

To improve the performance of the building construction project, it is important for the site managers to manage effectively so that they can do their best to the site organization. In addition, making decisions are constantly done in site organizations of building construction project, so whether decisions are made appropriately in the organization has a great impact on performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between decision making participation and organizational commitment of site managers to improve the performance of site organizations. The results of this study showed that the site managers tend to be more task oriented than people oriented when making decisions. Also, there was a difference in affective commitment according to decision making type, and there was a weak correlation between decision making participation and organization commitment. This study will help to improve the managerial ability of site organization in building construction projects.