• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.209-225
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• 2017

This study examines the effect of residential and neighboring environment on the residents' social exclusion in Daejeon Chokbangchon, the city's slum area. Based on GIS methodology with residents' addresses and other characteristics, this study finds out the feminization and the ageing trends in the central part of this area. Besides, longitudinal data between 2007 to 2016 shows this area's depopulation resulting in people's spread into other parts of the city. This study took pictures of 252 images of in the streets and indoors, analysed them and defined the problems of residential and neighboring environment. According to this picture analysis, the predicaments of this area was categorized into 4 types such as appearance-hygiene, narrowness-lack of residential functions, safety-privacy violation and stigma. This area ranging 1 km from north to south adjacent with Daejeon railway station was divided into 4 sections with different main problems. The follow-up survey for residents living in each section showed each section was different in work state, neighbor satisfaction, stigma and social exclusion. Finally, residential satisfaction was found to be the most important affecting factor on social exclusion. Based on these results, this study suggests government's housing policy on this area to be more enthusiastic and specific to cope with each problems of sections.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.169-177
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• 2014

Constructing urban public housing built adjacent railway site has the noise and vibration problem coming from operation of trains. Thus, anti-vibration plans utilizing anti-vibration pads must be established to minimize the impact of train noise and vibration from the tunnels on the residents of the public housing. Under various difficulties and expectation from the citizens, many efforts were taken to satisfy the amenity requirements on noise and vibration for the residential area. As a results, it can be recognized that amenity standards can be satisfied. But great caution is required to prepare ourselves for various situations that might occur during construction, especially considering that the relevant railroads are still under operation.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of PAHs in atmosphere and soil, and their relationship, accumulation tendency in soil, and its contain burden ratio (%) the PM$_{10}$ and soil were sampled adjacent to a roadside and analysed by HPLC from August 25th 1996 to September 22nd 1996 in Seoul and Kunggido area. The main results are summarized below 1. The concentration of PM$_{10}$ in the ambient air was showed in order of industrial region ($142.70\pm 21.77 \mu g/m^3$), commercial region ($136.51\pm 31.62 \mu g/m^3$), residential region ($110.12\pm 14.98 \mu g/m^3$), greenbelt region ($77.44\pm 12.12 \mu g/m^3$), respectively. 2. Distribution of PAHs concentration level in PM$_{10}$ and soil was showed in order of industrial region, commercial region, residential region, greenbelt region, respectively in all components. 3. The contain burden ratio (%) in PM$_{10}$ was attested that BbF was the highest contain burden component (21.7-32%) and An was the lowest contain burden component (0.35-1.95%) in all region. 4. The contain burden ratio (%) in soil was attested that Pb (20.5%) was the highest and An (0.8%) was the lowest contain burden component in industrial region and BbF (21.9%) and An (0.45%) were the same tendency in commercial region and Py (21.6%) and BkF (3.5%) were in residential region, Py (29%) and An (2.6%) were in greenbelt region. 5. The relationship between concentration of PAHs in PM$_{10}$ and soil was attested that the component of BbF (r=0.514) was very highly correlated, and there were significant in Fl and BaA in soil between industrial region and commercial region (P<0.05).

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.256-266
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• 2020

Objectives: The concentrations and distribution characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in an industrial complex and surrouding affected residential areas were investigated in an effort to support the efficient management of VOCs. Methods: The atmospheric concentrations of VOCs were analyzed at sites around the Sihwa-Banwol complex located in the cities of Siheung and Ansan and in the surrounding affected residential areas. The appearance of VOCs and the characteristics of their temporal and spatial distribution were evaluated. Results: The total VOC concentrations in the industrial complex were detected at 1.9-2.3 times higher than in the affected areas, but the daily VOCs distributions showed similar patterns in both sites. In particular, it was confirmed that the composition ratio of the VOCs and concentration fluctuations over time in the affected areas are similar to those in the adjacent industrial complex. VOC levels in the affected areas were higher than in residential areas in cities without an industrial complex. Conclusions: VOCs in residential areas near an industrial complex were highly distributed due to the influence of continuous pollutant emissions from the industrial complex. Therefore, the management of VOCs in the atmosphere of the affected area is important for identifying and managing the sources of VOCs detected in high concentrations in the industrial complex.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.71-82
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• 2019

This study tried to prove why a low-rise residential block is more vitalized than in a superblock consisted of an apartment housing complex. To do this, two adjacent superblocks in Yeoksam 2-dong were selected as a case study among superblocks of residential area in Gangnam, Seoul. It adopted the concept of 'complexity', 'Osmosis', 'Vitality' and 'Permeability' for evaluation indexes to measure street vitality. As a result, four indexes were clearly higher in low-density residential superblocks than apartment housing complex superblocks. First, the superblocks for apartment housing complexes showed a lower 'complexity' because large-scale parcels for an apartment housing complex reduces a possibility for various land uses. Second, smaller blocks improved "osmosis" compared to larger blocks, and the larger the block, the less likely it is that buildings and streets penetrate activity. Third, as the apartment complex block became larger, the number of accesses decreased. Thus, it did not provide vitality to the streets. Fourth, high permeability was shown in the low-density superblocks, while that of the superblock consisted of apartment housing complexes was very low because the entrance of the complexes entrance is closed to the public. The results of this study demonstrated that an apartment housing complex may hamper street vitality and deteriorate the quality of urban environments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.1026-1031
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• 2003

Numbers of people living in high rise apartments are growing due to the overcrowding in urban area. Acoustic environment in those residential buildings has been seriously deteriorated by the increase of wheeled transports. Commonly used sound barriers have a limitation in controlling noise influencing higher part of a residential building. The use of noise barrier tunnels can be an alternative to supplement the defects of conventional noise barriers. But intensive measurements on noise levels at apartments vicinity of current noise barrier tunnels show that the tunnel now has a limited advantage on reducing the noise levels from arterial roads. The present work aims at providing an useful design tool In designing noise barrier tunnels for residential areas adjacent to roads. Number of field measurements, scale model measurements, and computer simulations were performed to ensure whether the prediction from scale model and computer simulation are appropriate. Result shows that the predictions from scale models and computer simulations could be valid prediction tools for designing sound barrier tunnels.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.27-39
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to present a guideline for the construction of children park that can create a quality of dwelling and be easily approached and utilized by residents. In order to present a direction of planning, the investigator examined the actual state of children park in low-rise house residential area, and analyzed its general characteristics. And the discriminative characteristics according to the standpoints of planning of children park. The analytic standpoints were classified into the size and disposition of park, the nature of adjacent street and the utilization of park, and the satisfaction and requirement for the internal space of park. The guideline of planning of children park are as follow: (1) The disposition and size of children park: the children park must be disposed convenient use of all the residents. (2) The environment around including approaching streets and facilities around: residents' recognition and access in their everyday life must be considered in relation to the neighborhood streets and surrounding facilities. (3) The composition and utilization of internal space: the internal space must support all the activities of users, and reflect users' requirements in order to induce them to use it continuously.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to present a plan to distinguish 229 local governments nationwide by taking into account various characteristics such as population, employment, housing, and industry of the region for customized urban policies in the era of metropolitan areas. The National Statistical Portal (KOSIS) collected and standardized data related to population, housing, industry, and finance by region from 2000 to 2015 for the classification of regional types necessary for customized urban policies, and this was used to classify them into regional types that considered population, employment, housing and industry. The summary of the analysis results is as follows. First, as a result of the regional type classification, 10 key employment sites (4.4%), 5 employment centers (2.2%), 38 residential centers (16.6%), 20 growth areas (8.7%), 26 industrial cities (11.4%), 35 low-fertile farming and fishing villages (15.3%) and 95 stagnant areas (41.5%). Second, the Seoul metropolitan area is the most diverse type of metropolitan area in the country, with most of its core employment sites inside Seoul, residential centers inside and outside Seoul, and growth areas in the southeastern part of the country (Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongsangnam-do) are mixed with industrial and growth areas centered around Busan, Ulsan and surrounding areas, while the rest of the local governments are found to be low-fertile farming villages or stagnant areas. Daegu (Daegu, Gyeongbuk) is an industrial city in Daegu, and the rest of the local governments are either low-density farming and fishing villages or stagnant areas. The Honam region (Gwangju and Jeolla) was found to be a low-mill farming and fishing village or stagnant area except for Gwangju, while the Chungcheong region (Daejeon, Sejong, and Chungcheong) was seen as a growth area with areas adjacent to Daejeon, Sejong, and the Seoul metropolitan area, and some industrial cities were included. Finally, the Gangwon area was mostly classified as low-density farming and fishing villages and stagnant areas.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2006

Purpose: This study aims to examine characteristics and actual conditions of patients using emergency room at farming and fishing villages, solve overcrowding of emergency room at the tertiary hospital and activate local emergency clinics. Methods: It examines department of diagnosis and treatment, vehicles used, sex, age, residential area, visit hour, length of stay, presence or absence of trauma, measures after first aid and degree of severity based on medical records of 6,740 patients using emergency room at farming and fishing villages from Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 2005. Conclusion : 1. Sex distribution of patients of emergency room was male 54.9% and female 45.1% and age distribution between over 40 and below 50 was most as 15.9%. 2. Transport means to emergency room were 91.4 of private car and others (public transport and going on foot), 7.5 of 119, 129 and police car and 1.0% of ambulance. 3. According to distribution of residential areas of emergency patients, 38.9% were Eup area, 42.1% Myeon area, 11.4% distant area and 7.5% adjacent area. 4. According to distribution of emergency patients by department of diagnosis and treatment, internal medicine was most as 35.8% and 55% of patients visited emergency room from 3:31 p.m. to 11:30 p.m.. 5. According to total hours of diagnosis and treatment of subjects, 51.2% were within 30min. and cases of non-trauma disease were 68.2%. 6. According to degree of emergency of emergency patients, non-emergency cases were 65.3%, urgent cases 27.7% and emergency cases 7.0% and 74.2% of patients returned home after first aid and 20.6% of them hospitalized. In conclusion, characteristics and diversification of patients should be examined and efforts by government and local medical institutions which must organize emergency system and facility and personnel levels suitable to regional conditions are needed in order to prevent overcrowding of emergency center of the tertiary hospital and activate local emergency center.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.67-79
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the biotope value in a metropolitan area after constructing the biotope evaluation model to develop biotope networking in the light of ecological landscape planning. In addition this study is to provide a basic frame of constructing the biotope networking system in the future with the evaluation results. The scope of this research is limited to high density residential area including some part of the forest adjacent to urban boundary. The results of the classified biotope in the research area have been turned out to be 24 patterns. According to the result of estimated nature value having the forth grade, three were forests combined with urban natural parks, schools near forests, and grasslands. There is a little place having first grade. We an deduce this fact that we have surveyed biotopes, having the minimum nature value and wider than children's park. As for the result of evaluated the structure, there were the forests of Seong-Dong, Meaho-Dong, and Kumho river, which is the forth grade. As for the evaluation of connection-function, the followings area were evaluated as the third grade-linear biotopes having highly valued and sustainable similarity - Seoul-Pusan Railroad, Dong-Daegu St., Kumho river, river basins. Bum대 park and a botanic park near Suesung lake, As for the evaluated the buffer-function, higly valued production biotopes, existing at a transition belt between he residential density areas, are Sawol-Dong, Meaho-Dong and Kumho river. When each of the indexes was evaluated, the core of the biotop contained most of natural biotopes. Large artificial biotopes were evaluated as an important biotopes, while small artificial biotopes were classified as a dot biotope. The future research on the concrete biotope networking construction, based upon performed evaluation in this research, should be conducted.