• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.7.1-7.7
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the shear bond strengths of ceramic brackets bonded to zirconia surfaces using different zirconia primers and universal adhesive. Materials and Methods: Fifty zirconia blocks ($15{\times}15{\times}10mm$, Zpex, Tosoh Corporation) were polished with 1,000 grit sand paper and air-abraded with $50{\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ for 10 seconds (40 psi). They were divided into 5 groups: control (CO), Metal/Zirconia primer (MZ, Ivoclar Vivadent), Z-PRIME Plus (ZP, Bisco), Zirconia Liner (ZL, Sun Medical), and Scotchbond Universal adhesive (SU, 3M ESPE). Transbond XT Primer (used for CO, MZ, ZP, and ZL) and Transbond XT Paste was used for bracket bonding (Gemini clear ceramic brackets, 3M Unitek). After 24 hours at $37^{\circ}C$ storage, specimens underwent 2,000 thermocycles, and then, shear bond strengths were measured (1 mm/min). An adhesive remnant index (ARI) score was calculated. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni test (p = 0.05). Results: Surface treatment with primers resulted in increased shear bond strength. The SU group showed the highest shear bond strength followed by the ZP, ZL, MZ, and CO groups, in that order. The median ARI scores were as follows: CO = 0, MZ = 0, ZP = 0, ZL = 0, and SU = 3 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Within this experiment, zirconia primer can increase the shear bond strength of bracket bonding. The highest shear bond strength is observed in SU group, even when no primer is used.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.52.1-52.11
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• 2021

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of low and moderate concentrations of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and double antibiotic paste (DAP) loaded into a hydrogel system on crown discoloration and explored whether application of an adhesive bonding agent prevented crown discoloration. Materials and Methods: Intact human molars (n = 160) were horizontally sectioned 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. The crowns were randomized into 8 experimental groups (calcium hydroxide, Ca[OH]₂; 1, 10, and 1,000 mg/mL TAP and DAP; and no medicament. The pulp chambers in half of the samples were coated with an adhesive bonding agent before receiving the intracanal medicament. Color changes (ΔE) were detected by spectrophotometry after 1 day, 1 week, and 4 weeks, and after 5,000 thermal cycles, with ΔE = 3.7 as a perceptible threshold. The 1-sample t-test was used to determine the significance of color changes relative to 3.7. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the effects of treatment, adhesive, and time on color change, and the level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: Ca(OH)₂ and 1 and 10 mg/mL DAP did not cause clinically perceivable tooth discoloration. Adhesive agent use significantly decreased tooth discoloration in the 1,000 mg/mL TAP group up to 4 weeks. However, adhesive use did not significantly improve coronal discoloration after thermocycling when 1,000 mg/mL TAP was used. Conclusions: Ca(OH)₂ and 1 and 10 mg/mL DAP showed no clinical discoloration. Using an adhesive significantly improved coronal discoloration up to 4 weeks with 1,000 mg/mL TAP.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.55.1-55.9
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to collect and discuss the technique of adhesive systems application on dentin substrate under electric current. Materials and Methods: The first search strategy was based on data available at PubMed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, using a combination of descriptors such as "dentin bond agents OR adhesive system AND electric current OR electrobond" or "dentin bonding agents OR dentin bonding agent application OR adhesive system AND electric current OR electrobond", with no limit regarding the publication year. The second search strategy was based on the articles' references found previously. An additional search strategy was applied that concerned the proposed theme in the SBU-UNICAMP (Unicamp's Library System Institutional Repository). Results: Twelve studies published between 2006 and 2020 were found. The analyses of the selected studies showed that the use of electric current during adhesive systems application on dentin, whether conventional or self-conditioning, increases resinous monomer infiltration in the dentin substrate, which improves the hybridization processes and the bond strength of the restorative material to dentin. Conclusions: Despite the favorable results related to the use of this technique, there is still no specific protocol for the application of adhesive systems under electric current.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.581-592
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemo-mechanical caries removal system($Carisolv^{TM}$, Medi Team, Sweden) for resin adhesion to carious primary and permanent dentin compared with conventional drilling method. The buccal surface of 92 primary molars and 92 permanent molars were used. Exposed dentins were occurred artificial caries. 32 tooth of primary molars and 32 tooth of permanent molars were prepared to observe treated dentin surface with $Carisolv^{TM}$ and conventional drilling method by SEM. Other tooth were prepared to measure resin-dentin shear bonding strength according to caries removal methods and dentin adhesive system. Two adhesive systems and a composite resin were used; single bonding agent(Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus, 3M) and self-etching bonding system(Prompt L-pop, 3M ESPE), and a composite resin (Z-250, 3M). The results were as follows : 1. The removal effect of carious dentin on $Carisolv^{TM}$ was stronger on the primary dentin than that to permanent dentin, and dentin surface became rougher with treated $Carisolv^{TM}$ than drilling method. 2. Acid-etched dentin surfaces were showed smoothening without smear layer. 3. In specimen applied single bonding system hybrid layer and adhesive layer were $2-4{\mu}m$ and $10-15{\mu}m$ in thickness, whereas self-etching bonding system were showed only thin hybrid layer($1-2{\mu}m$). 4. The shear bonding strength of group applied single bonding agent was higher than that applied self-etching priming system(P<0.05). 5. The shear bonding strength of group applied $Carisolv^{TM}$ and self-etching priming system were slightly higher than that applied conventional drilling method and self-etching priming system(P>0.05).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.2 s.85
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• pp.261-270
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of plasma arc light which can reduce the curing time dramatically compared by shear bond strengths and failure patterns of the brackets bonded with visible light in direct bracket bonding. Some kinds of brackets were bonded with the Transbond$^{\circledR}$ to the human premolars which were embedded in the resin blocks according to the various conditions. After bonding, the shear bond strength was tested by Instron universal testing machine and in addition , the amount of residual adhesive remaining on the tooth after debonding was measured by the stereoscope and assessed with adhesive remnant index(ARI). The results were as follows : 1. When plasma arc light was used for bonding the brackets, the shear bond strength was clinically sufficient in both metal and ceramic brackets, but resin brackets showed significantly lower bond strength but which was clinically useful. 2. When metal brackets were bonded using visible light, there was no significant difference in shear bond strength due to the light-curing time and the bond strength was clinically sufficient. 3. When the adhesive failure patterns of brackets bonded with plasma arc light were observed by using the adhesive remnant index, the bond failure of the metal and resin bracket occurred more frequently at bracket-adhesive interface but the failure of the ceramic bracket occurred more frequently at enamel-adhesive interface. 4. There was no statistically significant difference of the shear bond strength and adhesive failure pattern between metal bracket bonded for 2 seconds by curing with plasma arc light and 10 seconds by curing with visible light. 6. When metal brackets were bonded using plasma arc light, the shear bond strength decreased as the distance from the light source increased. The above results suggest that plasma arc light can be clinically useful for bonding the brackets without fear of the decrease of the shear bond strength.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.104-109
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• 2005

This article has been investigated the use of FFT for adhesive joints analysis between metal sheets. The method is based on the measurement of the reflection wave at the metal/adhesive interface. After describing briefly the physical aspects of the phenomenon, an index is defined to detect defective zone of the joint(both for the lack of adhesive and for insufficient adhesion): the influence of the experimental variables(variable stress...) on the measurement is discussed. By means of a control experiment it is shown that stress variation in adhesive joints are separate to be distinguished. In this paper, Nondestructive evaluation in adhesive joints are evaluated together with ultrasonic testing and finite element analysis.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.99-105
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• 2002

One of the important advantage of adhesive bonded joint can combine the different materials. The joint that bonded by structural adhesive bond must keep a large force and its strength is affected by some environmental factors such as temperature and submergence time in water. In order to advance the fatigue strength of adhesive bonded joint, mostly put a surface treatment on the surface. This study was researched the effect of air temperature, submergence time, submergence temperature and surface treatment on the fatigue strength. We found that submergence temperature has the most effect and low plasma treatment specimens have the most fatigue strength.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.107-117
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• 2019

In case of pure rubber materials, the initial quality of the rubber materials would be excellent, however, the durability against external impact might be poor. In order to overcome the relatively low durability, textile cord could be employed with silicone rubber. We have studied the improvement of heat-resistant adhesion properties of silicone adhesives between silicone rubber and PET fibers by applying various conditions including dip solution recipe. The silicone rubber used was a platinum catalyst curing type and platinum catalyst type silicone adhesive was used as an adhesive to obtain an optimum adhesive force. Furthermore, the bonding mechanism between silicone and PET fiber was established.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.385-396
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• 2011

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of adhesion variables such as the priming concepts of canal wall and the curing modes of adhesives on the sealing ability of a resin-based root canal filling system. Materials and Methods: Apical microleakage of the Resilon-RealSeal systems filled with 3 different combinations of adhesion variables was compared with the conventional gutta-percha filling using a dye penetration method. Experimental groups were SEDC, Resilon (Resilon Research LLC) filling with self-etch RealSeal (SybronEndo) primer and dual-cure RealSeal sealer; NELC, Resilon filling with no etching, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M ESPE) primer application and light-curing adhesive; and TELC, Resilon filling with Scotchbond Multi-Purpose primer and adhesive used under total etch / wet bonding and lightcure protocols. GPCS, gutta-percha filling with conventional AH26 plus sealer, was the control group. Results: The median longitudinal dye penetration length of TELC was significantly shorter than those of GPCS and SEDC (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.05). In the cross-sectional microleakage scores, TELC showed significant differences from other groups at 2 to 5 mm from the apical foramen (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.05). Conclusions: When a resin-based root canal filling material was used, compared to the self-etching primer and the dual-cure sealer, the total etch/wet-bonding with primer and light-curing of adhesive showed improved apical sealing and was highly recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2009

In this papers, Study on the Bonding property and Strength Evaluation in Bonding interface Joints of Dissimilar material using DOE. We found optimal condition that uses experimental design method (Response Surface Analysis, DOE) used temperature, pressure, time on experiment factor. And we could get bonding condition and strength that break and crack do not happen in mechanical processing about united dissimilar material. And progress 3 point bending tests and verified result.