• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권11호
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• pp.2219-2222
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• 2009

A new touch-sensitive hydrogenated amorphous silicon(a-Si:H) display with embedded optical sensor arrays is presented. The touch-sensitive panel operation was successfully demonstrated on a prototype of 16-in. active-matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD). The proposed system provides the finger touched point without the real-time image processing of information of the captured images. Due to the simple architecture of the system, we expect the introduction of large-area touch-sensitive display panels.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2017

Purpose : This study investigated the effects of active warming using a Warm Touch warming system or a cotton blanket in postoperative patients after general anesthesia for abdominal surgery. Methods : This quasi-experimental study utilized two experimental groups and one control group: a cotton-blanket group (n = 25) were warmed with a cotton blanket and a sheet; a forced-air warming group (n = 24) were warmed with a Warm Touch warming system, a cotton blanket, and a sheet; and a control group (n = 25) were warmed with a sheet. Measurement variables were postoperative pain, body temperature, and thermal discomfort. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, ${\chi}^2-tests$, Fisher's exact test, and a repeated measures ANOVA. Results : The effects of active warming using a Warm Touch warming system and a cotton blanket on postoperative patients was significant in reducing pain (F = 13.91, p < .001) and increasing body temperature (F = 12.49, p < .001). Conclusion : Active warming made a significant difference in pain and body temperature changes. Active warming methods may help patients' postoperative recovery and prevent complications. Further research is needed to explore the effects and side effects of active warming on recovering normothermia.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권2호통권95호
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• pp.130-137
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• 1999

In this paper we propose a method of determining the local curvature of a three dimensional convex object using the force and torque information obtained from the active touch of a robot hand. A technique for estimating two dimensional curvature of a convex object are introduced and the way of computing the three dimensional curvature from the two dimensional vurvatures is presented. Also, we develop an experimental system consisting of a finger and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method experimentally.

• 감성과학
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1998

The sense of touch has both objective and subjective characteristics. During hand evaluation of the fabrics. psycho physiological processes such as emotion and stimulation. On other site, the mode of touch (passive vs. active) is also capable to modulate somatosensory responses. I.e., suppress somatocensory perception during active electrocortical responses to passive and active touch of the textiles with different subjective emotional preference. The study was carried out on 36 female college students. Physiological signals were acquired by Grass and BIOPAC 100 systems with AcqKnowledge variables, namely heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), pulse transit time (PTT), respiration rate (RSP) and skin conductance parameters (SCL, amplitude, risetime and number of SCRs) were analyzed for baseline and stimulation conditions. Analysis was manifested in a form of moderate HR acceleration. RSP increase, RSA decrease (lowered vagal tone), decreased PTT and increased electrodermal activity (increased SCL, several SCRs) that reflects general sympathetic activation. Parietal EEG effects (on contra-lateral side to stimulated hand)were featured by short-term alpha-blocking, slightly reduced theta, significantly increased delta and enhanced fast beta activity with few variations across stimuli. The main finding of the study was that most and least preferred textures exhibited significant differences in autonomic (HR, RSP, PTT, SCR, and at less extent in RSA and SCL) and electrocortical responses (delta, slow and fast alpha, fast beta relative power). These differences were recorded both in passive and active stimulation modes, thus demonstrating reproducibility of distinction between most and least emotionally preferred tactile stimuli, suggesting influence of psychological factors, such as emotional property of stimulus, on physiological outcome.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.183-197
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate the characteristic of physical touch in caring situation. The subjects of this study were adults in caring situation, therefore they were composed of 7 patients, 6 nurses, 3 doctors, 3 pharmacologists, 3 men in paramedicine area, 3 nursing educators and 13 normal general adults. The datas were gathered through nonstructured questionaire from June, 20th to September, 15th in 1995. The datas were subjects' descriptions about the intention, perception, and form of physical touch in caring situation and analysed by content analysis. The results as follow : The datas were divided into four areas. There were the situation being necessiated the physical touch, meaning of physical touch, form of physical touch and perception about physical touch in caring situation. The situation being necessiated physical touch were the situation that required physical treatment, to deliver the active expression of concern about the patients, to determine the treatment due to the identification of physical condition of patients and to induce the psychological eqilibrium into patient's mind. The meanings of physical touch in caring situation were - Good meanings that intention is to encourage, to be have hope about health and to deliver the affection willing to help patient. - therapeutic methods that were to facillitate the circulation of blood, to reduce the pain perception and to facillitate the circulation of qi. - interpersonal affectionate relation that the intentions were to deliver the understanding of patient's pain, were to delivery the meaning to the patient not be alone. The forms of physical touch in caring situation were none invasive forms just like laying hands on hand, head, shoulder, gentle knocking on the shoulder or back, massage of legs and back and finger pressure on acupuncture points. The perception of physical touch in caring situation divided into two parts. In family, the perceptions of physical touch in caring situation were to promote health status because physical touch induce the psychological peace, and to evoke the importance of relationship among family members. In relation with care giver, perception of physical touch in caring situation were inevitable process in treatment, and to deliver the trust and concern about patients.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2008년도 학술대회 1부
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• pp.584-589
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• 2008

터치스크린 입력 방식은 키보드나 마우스 등의 다른 주변 장치의 도움 없이 손이나 펜 등을 이용해 직접 화면에 접촉을 통한 입력을 수행한다. 이러한 입력 방식은 키보드, 마우스 등의 조작을 통해 포인팅 커서를 움직이거나 입력하는 방식에 비해 비교적 유연한 손가락을 이용한다는 점에서 입력의 유연성과 직관성을 극대화 시키는 장점을 가진다. 그러나, 손가락을 이용한 조작에 의해 야기되는 조작의 부정확성과 터치스크린을 활용한 새로운 인터페이스의 부재는 터치스크린 입력 방식의 큰 단점으로 지목되고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 터치스크린을 사용하는 이동 단말기의 효율적인 입력을 위한 다이얼 메뉴 유저 인터페이스를 제안한다. 본 기법은 사용자의 명령을 받기 위해 작은 아이콘 형태로 대기하고 있는 비활성화 상대, 사용자의 터치 명령을 받은 후 다이얼 형태로 인터페이스가 전개된 활성화 상태, 활성화 상태에서 원하는 명령을 찾고 실행하기 위한 네 가기 동작인 회전, 확대, 축소, 그리고 클릭으로 구성되어 있다. 본 기법을 통한 직관적인 조작은 터치스크린의 단점인 부정확한 포인팅을 극복하고, 터치스크린이 가지는 드래그 기능을 활용하여 메뉴 검색에 신속성을 부여한다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1023-1027
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• 2000

In metal cutting, the machining accuracy is more affected by thermal errors than by geometric errors. This paper models of the thermal errors for error analysis and develops on-the-machine measurement system by which the volumetric error are measured and compensated. The thermal error is modeled by means of angularity errors of a column and thermal drift error of the spindle unit which are measured by the touch probe unit with a star type styluses, a designed spherical ball artifact, and five gap sensors. In order to analyze the thermal characteristics under several operating conditions, experiments performed with the touch probe unit and five gap sensors on the vertical and horizontal machining centers.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2009년도 학술대회
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• pp.888-894
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• 2009

최근 직접적인 접촉에 기반 한 터치스크린은 MP3, 휴대폰, DMB, PDA, 네이게이션 등 디지털 미디어 기기 인터페이스로 다양하게 활용되고 있다. 이는 터치 인터페이스와 관련된 속도, 피드백, 정확성 등의 새로운 디자인 이슈를 발생시켰고, 사용자 평가 시 이를 해결하기 위한 고려사항을 모색하게 되었다. 사용자 평가 기법 중 하나인 페이퍼 프로토타이핑 기법은 터치 인터페이스 평가를 위한 효과적인 기법이지만 터치 인터페이스 평가 시 발생된 디자인 이슈를 해결하기 위한 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 터치 인터페이스 평가를 위한 페이퍼 프로토타이핑 기법 적용 과정에서 발생한 이슈를 구체화 시키고 이를 해결하기 위한 방안을 모색하는 것에 초점을 두고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 최근 출시된 디지털 미디어 기기에 적용된 터치 인터페이스를 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 기존 제품에 서 주로 적용하고 있는 인터페이스에 기반을 두어 착안한 '터치 휠'입력방식을 제시하였다. '터치 휠'입력방식은 MP3의 메뉴를 원형 형태로 배열하고, 배열된 메뉴리스트를 돌리는 방식을 이용하여 노래를 선택할 수 있도록 한 것이다. 사용자 평가는 MP3 사용자, 24명을 대상으로 총 4차에 걸쳐 진행하였고, 각 평가 과정에서 페이퍼 프로토타입의 실험 재료, 제작 방법, 평가 진행 등을 바탕으로 효과적인 방안을 모색하였다. 그 결과, 터치 인터페이스 평가를 위한 페이퍼 프로토타입은 피실험자에게 직접 조작의 경험을 유도하여 능동적인 조작을 이끌어 내도록 제시되어야 하며, 이를 통하여 피실험자에게 즉각적인 피드백을 제공하고, 효과적인 평가를 이끌어 내어 초기 인터페이스 디자인 안에서 발생되는 문제에 대한 해결책이 빠르고 효과적으로 제시될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.715-723
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate haptic perception related researches into three perspectives: cutaneous & proprioceptive sensations, active & passive touch, and cognition & emotion, then to identify issues for implementing haptic interactions. Background: Although haptic technologies had improved and become practical, more research on the method of application is still needed to actualize the multimodal interaction technology. Systematical approached to explore haptic perception is required to understand emotional experience and social message, as well as tactile feedback. Method: Content analysis were conducted to analyze trend in haptic related research. Changes in issues and topics were investigated using sensational dimensions and the different contents delivered via tactile perception. Result: The found research opportunities were haptic perception in various body segments and emotion related proprioceptive sensation. Conclusion: Once the mechanism of how users perceives haptic stimuli would help to develop effective haptic interactrion and this study provide insights of what to focus for the future of haptic interaction. Application: This research is expected to provide presence, and emotional response applied by haptic perception to fields such as human-robot, human-device, and telecommunication interaction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2005

This paper describes three kinds of experiments and analysis of their results related to human tactile sensitivity using an integrated tactile display system. The device can provide vibration, normal pressure and lateral slip/stretch which are important physical quantities to sense texture. We have tried to find out the efficient method of stimulating, limitation of surface discrimination by kinesthetic farce feedback and the effectiveness of the combination of kinesthetic force and tactile feedback. Seven kinds of different stimulating methods were carried out and they are single or combination of the kinesthetic force, normal static pressure, vibration, active/passive shear and moving wave. Both prototype specimen and stimulus using tactile display were provided to all examinees and they were allowed to answer the most similar sample. The experimental results show that static pressure is proper stimulus for the display of micro shape of the surface and vibrating stimulus is more effective for the display of fine surface. And the sensitivities of active touch and passive touch are compared. Since kinesthetic force feedback is appropriate to display shape and stiffness of an object, but roughness display has a limitation of resolution, the concurrent providing methods of kinesthetic and tactile feedback are applied to simulate physical properties during touching an object.