References
- Ahn, S. H., & Im, M. O. (2004). Perception of nonpharmacological therapy for pain control and pattern of postoperative pain in gynecological surgery patients. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, 10(2), 128-135.
- American Society of Perianesthesia Nurses. (2003). ASPAN pain and comfort clinical guideline. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 18(4), 232-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1089-9472(03)00129-1
- Argoff, C. E. (2014). Recent management advances in acute postoperative pain. Pain Practice, 14(5), 477-487. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.12108
- Benson, E. E., McMillan, D. E., & Ong, B. (2012). The effects of active warming on patient temperature and pain after total knee arthropathy. The American Journal of Nursing, 112(5), 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000414315.41460.bf
- Choi, K. H. (2008). Comparison of forced air warming and radiant heating on body temperature and shivering of post-operative patients. The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Adult Nursing, 20(1), 135-148.
- Denise, O. B., Mary, L. V., Jane, E. A., Beverly, A. S., & Michelle, M. (2010). Comfort, satisfaction, and anxiolytic in surgical patients using a patientadjustable comfort warming system: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 25(2), 88-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2010.01.008
- Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149-1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
- Fossum, S., Hays, J., & Henson, M. M. (2001). A comparison study on the effects of prewarming patients in the outpatient surgery setting. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 16(3), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1053/jpan.2001.24039
- Ghaffaripour, S., Mahmoudi, H., Sahmeddini, M. A., Alipour, A., & Chohedri, A., (2013). Music can effectively reduce pain perception in women rather than men. Pakistan Journal of Medical Science, 29(1), 128-131.
- Han, H. J., Jung, S. R., Lee, S. H., Choi, K. R., Cha, N. J., & Sin, Y. R. (2010). The effect of warming intravenous fluids on body temperature change under a general anesthesia, shivering, and recovery. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research, 16(1), 71-82.
- Hong, S. J., Lee, J. M., & Kim, Y. K. (2010). The effect of warming methods on the vital signs and thermal discomfort of the patient with gastrectomy. Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science, 12(2), 81-88.
- Hooper, V. D., Chard, R., Clifford, T., Fetzer, S., Fossum, S., Godden, B., . . . Wilson, L. (2010). ASPAN's evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the promotion of preoperative normothermia: second edition. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 25(6), 346-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2010.10.006
- Joo, Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, J. T., Kim, H. S., Lee, S. C., Kim, J. S., & Kim, S. D. (2009). Effect of active warming on shivering during spinal anesthesia. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 57(2), 176-180. https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2009.57.2.176
- Kim, E. Y., & Choi, E. S. (2010). Effects of head and neck massage on anxiety, pain, and discomfort in hysterectomy patients. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, 16(1), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2010.16.1.60
- Kim, J. S. (2004). Anesthesia and temperature. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 47(5), 609-616. https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2004.47.5.609
- Kim, N. H., & Kim, Y. K. (2007). The effects of warming therapy on body temperature and discomfort for patients with surgery. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research, 13(3), 55-67
- Kim, Y. J. (2011). The effect of intraoperative warming on body temperature, shivering, perceived thermal discomfort among patients with spinal surgery. Unpublished master's thesis. Eulji University, Daejeon.
- Kolcaba, K. (2003). Comfort theory and practice: a vision for holistic health care and research. New York, NY; Springer Publishing Co.
- Kolcaba, K., & Wilson, L. (2002). Comfort care: a framework for perianesthesia nursing. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 17(2), 102-114. https://doi.org/10.1053/jpan.2002.31657
- Kurz, A., Sessler, D., Narzt, E., Bekar, A., Lenhardt, R., Huemer, G., & Lackner, F. (1995). Postoperative hemodynamic and thermoregulatory consequences of intraoperative core hypothermia. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, 7(5), 359-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/0952-8180(95)00028-G
- Matsuxzk, Y., Matsukawa, T., Ohiki, K., Yamamoto, Y., Nakamura, M., & Oshibuchi, T. (2003). Warming by resistive heating maintains perioperative normothermia as well as forced air heating. British Journal of Anesthesiology, 90(5), 689-691. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeg106
- Park, H. S., & Yoon, H. S. (2007). A comparison of the effects of intravenous fluid warming and skin surface warming on perioperative body temperature and acid base balance of elderly patients with abdominal surgery. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 37(7), 1061-1072. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2007.37.7.1061
- Park, O. B., & Choi, H. J. (2010). The Effect of prewarming for patients under abdominal surgery on body temperature, anxiety, pain, and thermal comfort. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 40(3), 317-325. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.3.317
- Park, S. J., & Kim, S. Y. (2015). Effects of forced air warming on body temperature, shivering and pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. Journal of Korean Fundamental of Nursing, 22(3), 287-296. https://doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2015.22.3.287
- Rabini, A., Piazzini, D. B., Tancredi, G., Foti, C., Milano, G., & Ronconi, G. (2012). Deep heating therapy via microwave diathermy relieves pain and improves physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 48(4), 549-559.
- Roberta, A., Brooks, J., Dayhoff, N. E., & Keck, J. (2002). Pain intensity and postoperative pulmonary complications among the elderly after abdominal surgery. Heart Lung, 31(6), 440-449. https://doi.org/10.1067/mhl.2002.129449
- Son, Y. J., Park, Y. S., Kim, H. E., Choi, J. Y., Lee, K. M., & Lee, Y. H. (2015). Effects of music therapy on pain, anxiety and length of stay of patients with laparoscopic hysterectomy in the postanesthesia care unit. Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science, 17(1), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2015.17.1.28
- The Korean Society of Anesthesiologists. (2009). Anesthesiology Science II. Seoul: Elsevier Korea.
- Wagner, D., Byrne, M., & Kolcaba, K. (2006). Effects of comfort warming on preoperative patients. AORN Journal, 84(3), 427-448. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(06)63920-3