• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2003년도 5월 학술대회지
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• pp.93-96
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• 2003

The present study was conducted to investigate the difference of cortical activation in naming the picture in Korean and English. Experimental design was 2(Korean, English) language condition x 4(no distractor, semantic related distractor, semantic unrelated distrator, corresponding distractor) distractor condition. language condition was between subject factor and distractor condition was within subject factor. The result was that Korean naming condition showed less cortical activation than English naming condition. The activation region was reported in each condition.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2011

Purpose : The aims of this study was to identify the activation of the mirror neuron system during action observation in people with stroke and the difference between left hemisphere and right hemisphere and to provide possibility of the use of action observation as a clinical method for improving motor function after stroke. Methods : Seventeen participants were asked to observe 3 different stimulation conditions for 80 seconds. A 30 second rest period was given between stimulations. Electroencephalogram(EEG) signals from electrodes on the participant's scalp were recorded during action observation. The activation of the mirror neuron system(MNS) between the picture observation condition and action observation condition was compared with a paired t-test. An independent t-test was used to compare difference between C3 and C4 on the activation of the mirror neuron system in the action observation condition. Results : Result of paired t-test showed a significantly decreased log ratio in the activation of the mirror neuron system in the action observation condition compared to the picture observation condition. Result of the independent t-test indicated no significant differences in the activation of the mirror neuron system in the right and left hemisphere. Conclusion : The mirror neuron system showed greater activation in the action observation condition than in the picture observation condition and activation in the both hemisphere during action observation. We conclude that these findings suggest that this may possibly be an efficient clinical intervention method for improving motor function.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1091-1098
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• 2007

Activated carbon was prepared from waste citrus peels by chemical activation with $ZnCl_2$. The optimal condition of carbonization was at $300^{\circ}C$ for 1.5 hr. Activation experiments with carbonized samples prepared at optimal carboniztion condition were carried out under various conditions such as activation temperature of 400 to $900^{\circ}C$, activation time of 0.5 to 2.0 hr, and $ZnCl_2$ ratio of 100 to 300%. In order to investigate the physical properties of the activated carbons prepared, iodine adsorptivities and specific surface areas were measured and their morphologies were observed from scanning electron microscopy. As $ZnCl_2$ ratio increased, activation yield decreased, while iodine adsorptivity and specific surface area increased. The optimal condition of activation was at 300% $ZnCl_2$ ratio and $300^{\circ}C$ for 1.5 hr, and then iodine adsorptivity and specific surface area was measured as about 862 mg/g and $756m^2/g$, respectively. SEM photography showed that the surface morphology was changed and many active pore were produced by chemical activation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the effects of heel insoles on the static balance and leg muscle activity and posture control strategy during external perturbation. Methods: Thirty healthy young men participated in the study. The subjects underwent two experimental conditions: 1) no heel insole condition (0cm) and 2) wearing heel insole condition (5cm). The static balance was measured using an I-Balance device, which measured the change in the center of gravity (COG). The onset time of muscle activation and muscle activation of the erector spinae (ES), hamstring (HAM), gastrocnemius (GCM) were measured using surface EMG electrodes to determine the change in posture control strategy during external perturbation. Results: The speed and distance of COG were significantly higher in the wearing heel insoles condition than the no heel insole condition (p<0.05). In addition, significant differences in the onset time of the GCM, HAM, and ES muscle activation were observed when there was no heel insole condition during external perturbation (p<0.017). On the other hand, no significant differences in the onset time of muscle activation were observed between GCM and HAM when wearing the heel insole condition during external perturbation (p<0.017). Moreover, muscle activation of the GCM was significantly higher in the wearing heel insoles condition than the no heel insole condition during external perturbation (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that heel insoles may have disadvantages, and increased efforts are needed to maintain balance and change the posture control strategy during external perturbation.

• Carbon letters
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2002

Short pitch fibers were prepared from petroleum based isotropic precursor pitch by melt-blown technology. The pitch fibers were stabilized in oxidizing condition, followed by steam activations at various conditions. The fiber surface and pore structures of the activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were respectively characterized by using SEM and applying BET theory from nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. The weight loss of the oxidized fiber was proportional to activation temperature and activation time, independently. The adsorption isotherms of the nitrogen on the ACFs were constructed and analyzed to be as Type I consisting of micropores mainly. The specific surface area of the ACFs proportionally increased with the weight loss at a given activation temperature. The specific surface area was ranged 850~1900 $m^2/g$ with pores of narrow distribution in sizes. The average pore size was ranged 5.8~14.1 ${\AA}$ with the larger value from the more severe activation condition.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of the different condition of leg support surface on the upper extremity and core muscle activity during the push-up exercise. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects that were practicable push-ups were recruited in this study. Subjects were instructed the push-up exercise in the different condition of the leg support surface. Each condition of support surface was set to the high and lower, and the unstable and stable condition. Muscle activation was measured by using the surface electromyography (EMG), and recorded from the triceps brachii, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominis, abdominal external oblique, and erector spinea muscle. Results: In the results of experiments, there was no significant difference of muscle activation in upper extremity between the high unstable and high stable support surface. By contrast, muscle activation of the rectus abdominis and abdominal external oblique was significantly higher in the low unstable support surface, compared with those of the low stable support surface. It is well known that the core muscle was important to stabilization of trunk stability. Conclusion: This result demonstrates that the low and unstable support surface for the lower extremity was suited for training of core muscle for trunk stabilization during the push-up exercise.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2015

In this study the location condition and the management of the Rural Experience Tourism Villages located around unified Cheongju city has been surveyed or investigated. On the basis of the results of the survey or investigation this study is to suggest a way to make activate the Rural Experience Tourism Villages which have been inactive. The ways of the research include the understanding of what means the activation of rural areas and then this study is to find the problems with the Rural Experience Tourism Villages and to suggest final ways or plans after the field investigation of the condition of the location and management of the Villages. In this study I had full understanding of the concept of the activation for rural areas and the humanistic and geographical characteristics and then made a wide investigation and analysis of the location condition and the management of the Rural Experience Tourism Villages in this area. Based on the theory and the results of the actual investigation I made a suggestion of basic direction for the improvement of the Villages and the ways for activation of the Villages. I really expect these suggestions of mine to make active contribution to make the actual plan through the promotion of the Rural Experience Tourism Villages.

• 한국인지과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국인지과학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.53-58
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• 2006

We examined the cerebral activation of the emotional and linguistic attributes during the visual word recognition. This research investigated the affective priming effect preserving the behavioral paradigm. We used the primed-evaluation task in which the participants classify the target as positive or negative, and manipulated the emtional attributes by emtional relations of the prime-target word pairs(PP, PN, NP, NN). ROIs analyses for the semantic processing and emotional processing were performed. The results showed that the semantic processing areas including the IPL, SMG, and aSTS were activated differently according to the experimental condition. The activations of the IPL were increased only on the NN condition, whereas the activation of the SMG was decreased only on the PP condition. Furthmore, the activation of the emotional processing areas including the mPFC and ACC, was different according to the emotional realtions of word pairs. Similar to the SMG, the BOLD signal of the mPFC was decreaed only on the PP condition, whereas the activation of ACC was Increased only on the NN condition. These results were seemed to show the interact ive cerebral activations for processing the emtoional and linguistic attributes in a word, during visual word recognition.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2004년도 제28회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.124-132
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• 2004

Activation energy asymptotics (AEA) for Linan's diffusion-flame regime is revisited in this paper. The main purpose of the paper is to carefully re-examine each AEA analysis step in order to clarify the some concepts that are often misunderstood among the ordinary practitioners of the AEA. Particular attention is focused on the different AEA regimes arising from the double limit of large Zel'dovich and Damkohler numbers. In addition. the expansion procedures are shown in detail and the method that the turning point condition, commonly known as the Linan's extinction condition, is found is explained.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Activation energy asymptotics (AEA) for Linan#s diffusion-flame regime is revisited in this paper. The main purpose of the paper is to carefully re-examine each AEA analysis step in order to clarify the some concepts that are often misunderstood among the ordinary practitioners of the AEA. Particular attention is focused on the different AEA regimes arising from the double limit of large Zel#dovich and Damkohler numbers. In addition, the expansion procedures are shown in detail and the method that the turning point condition, commonly known as the Linan#s extinction condition, is found is explained.