• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.182-188
• /
• 1995

Hemodynamic values were assessed in cows with naturally mastatis. hemodynamic tests included WBC, RBC, PCV, Hemoglobin, Monocyte, Eosinophil, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, and prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, platelet, antithrombin-III, and plasminogen activities. Significant changes were observed in the mean values of most analytses : WBC, monocytes, eosinophil, neutrophil were increased and Iymphocyte were decreased. prothrombin time was increased： activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time. increased : activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen concentration, plasminogen activity and platelet concentration were decreased : and RBC, PCV, hemoglobin and antithrombin-III activity were unchanged, compared with normal mean values. Thesse data indicated activation of hemodynamic mechanisms, initiated either directly by bacteria produced endotoxin of secondaly inflammatory mediators produced in response to caused bacteria and naturally acquired mastitis was very similar to the experimental endotoxin-induced mastitis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.109-113
• /
• 2001

Curdlan is a natural $\beta$-1,3-glucan produced by Agrobacterium biovar 1. In this study, the anticoagulant activity of sulfoalkyl derivatives of curdlan was investigated by carrying out activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay and compared with that of o-sulfonated curdlan. Approximately 100-fold higher concentration of o-sulfonated curdlan than heparin was required to obtain the same level of the clotting time. Anticoagulant activity of curdlan derivatives was dependent on the degree of sulfation in prolonging the clotting time. However, the chain length of the substituent did not play a role in prolonging the clotting time. The curdlan derivatives enhanced thrombin inhibition by mediating through antithrombin III. The inhibition of thrombin by o-sulfonated curdlan was found to be approximately 10-fold weaker than that by heparin.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제39권5호
• /
• pp.373-379
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to develop a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model of a direct thrombin inhibitor, argatroban to predict the concentration-effect profiles in rats. Argatroban was i.v. injected to rats at 0. 2, 0.8 and 3.2 mg/kg doses (n = 4-5 per dose), and plasma drug levels were determined by a validated LC/MS/MS assay. The pharmacokinetics of argatroban was linear over the i.v. dose range studied. The thrombin time (TT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were measured in rat plasma and they were found to linearly increase with increasing the dose. A 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model linked with an indirect response pharmacodynamic model was successfully utilized to evaluate the drug concentration-response relationship.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.595-601
• /
• 1995

Hemodynamic values were assessed in the cows diseased with mastitis. Hemodynamic testes were performed for white blood cell(WBC), red blood cell(RBC), packed cell volume(PCV), hemoglobin concentration, monocyte, eosinophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, platelet concentrations, antithrombin-III and plasminogen activities. Significant alterations were observed in the mean values of most analytes. The numbers of monocytes, eosinophil, and neutrophil, and prothrombin time were increased while the number of lymphocyte, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen concentration, plasminogen activity and platelet concentration were decreased. The number of RBC, PCV, hemoglobin and antithrombin-III activity were unchanged compared with normal mean values. These data indicated that activation of hemodynamic mechanisms was initiated either directly by the endotoxin-releasing or indirectly by the inflammatory mediators released by response to etiologic agents. We suspected that the changes of hemodynamic values in the cows diseased with mastitis were very similar to those of experimental endotoxin-induced mastitis.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제35권1호통권136호
• /
• pp.52-61
• /
• 2004

Inhibitory activities of 264 methanol extracts, which were prepared from different parts of 210 kinds of wild and medicinal plants, against human thrombin were evaluated. Based on the anti-coagulation activity determined by thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, the 14 extracts were screened. The fibrinolytic activity, heat stability and inhibition of other proteolytic digestive enzymes, such as pepsin, papain, trypsin and chymotrypsin, of the 14 extracts were further determined, and Ginko biloba (herba), Ephedra sinica (radix), Reynoutria elliptica (herba), Amomum tsao-ko Crevost (fructus), and Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils (bark) were finally selected as possible plant sources for anti-thrombosis agent. These results suggested that medicinal and wild plants could be the potential source of thrombin inhibitor.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.87-90
• /
• 2013

The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is used primarily to evaluate coagulation abnormalities in the intrinsic pathway. The proper specimen is very important factor for precise results of blood coagulation analysis. The objective of this study was to get to the conclusion of whether to analyze again and to collect blood sample over again when APTT result shows below the reference value. We evaluated 126 samples showing a value below 20.0 sec at ATPT result, which consist of 48 males and 78 females candidates during night duty from March 2012 to December 2012. Average comparisons of APTT result between first and retested analysis among study subjects were significantly different in male samples. APTT results comparison of recollected subjects among clotted samples were also significantly different with both sexes (p<0.000). We suggest that we should carefully check the samples to get accurate results and collect samples again in case of only obtaining improper samples; even though the APTT result show below reference value.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.922-928
• /
• 2010

한방 생약재로부터 안전하면서도 신규의 항혈전제를 개발하기 위해, 현재 국내에서 유통되고 있는 국내 및 국외산 한방 생약재 33종을 대상으로 40종의 에탄올 추출물을 조제하고, 이들의 thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)을 평가하였다. 생약재중 중국산은 28종으로 대부분이 국외산이었으며, 부위별로는 종자 및 뿌리 부위가 19종을 차지하였다. 평균 수분함량은 $6.85{\pm}2.26%$, 평균 추출율은 $5.27{\pm}4.25%$를 나타내었다. 조제된 시료의 TT평가 결과, 사인(중국), 고본, 팔각향, 계지, 당삼, 계혈등, 행인, 오배자, 괄루근 및 포황에서 우수한 트롬빈 저해활성을 확인하였으며, 다양한 농도에서 평가 결과 계혈등, 행인, 팔각향, 계지, 오배자 추출물 순으로 트롬빈 저해능이 강력함을 확인하였다. PT 평가 결과 오배자, 계혈등, 행인에서, aPTT 평가결과 오배자 및 계혈등에서 우수한 항혈전능을 확인하였다. 한편 추출물의 인간적혈구 용혈활성을 평가한 결과, 계혈등, 팔각향, 계지, 오배자 추출물은 $500\;{\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서도 용혈활성이 없음을 확인하여 이들 4종을 최종 선정하였다. 본 연구결과는 이미 대량생산이 확립된 한방생약제로부터 우수한 항혈전제 개발이 가능함을 제시하고 있으며, 트롬빈 및 혈장 응고 인자에 대한 특이 저해제 개발이 가능함을 제시하고 있다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제20권11호
• /
• pp.1640-1647
• /
• 2010

혈전성 질환을 예방, 개선할 수 있는 안전한 항혈전제를 개발하기 위해, 일반적으로 항혈전 효과가 있다고 알려진 식용 해조류 35종(갈조류 17종, 홍조류 11종 및 녹조류 7종)을 대상으로 메탄올 추출물을 조제하고, 이들의 thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)을 평가하였다. 트롬빈 저해(TT)의 경우 35종 중에서 감태, 곰피, 대황, 넓패, 패, 알송이모자반 및 야마다모자반에서 강력한 활성을, 프로트롬빈 저해(PT)의 경우 트롬빈 저해활성이 나타난 7종 중 야마다모자반을 제외한 6종에서 강력한 활성을 확인하였으며, 혈액응고인자 저해(aPTT)에서는 감태, 곰피, 대황, 넓패, 패, 알송이모자반 및 톳에서 강력한 활성이 나타났다. 선별된 8종의 시료를 대상으로 다양한 농도에서 항혈전 활성을 평가한 결과 알송이모자반에서 가장 강력한 활성을 확인하였으며, 곰피, 대황 및 넓패가 효과적이었다. 항혈전 활성과 해조류 추출물의 총 flavonoid, 총 polyphenol, 총당 및 환원당 함량과의 상관 관계를 검토한 결과, 활성물질은 flavonoid성 물질로 추측되었으며, 선별된 8종은 총 flavonoid 함량 및 총 polyphenol 함량이 매우 높은 특징을 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과는 경제적이면서 대량공급이 가능한 식용 해조류로부터 신규의 안전한 항혈전제 개발이 가능함을 제시하며, 야마다모자반과 톳은 트롬빈 또는 혈장내 응고 인자에 대한 특이 저해제로 개발 가능함을 제시하고 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.386-394
• /
• 2005

Effects of root, stem and leaf extract of sancho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the hepatic microsome of rat, DPPH radical scavenging activity and activated partial thromboplastin times (APTT) were examined in vitro. The highest inhibition of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation was observed by ethyl acetate fraction than that of methylene chloride fraction of the root and stem extracts. The high inhibition of lipid peroxidation was determined in the leaf, the root and the stem in order. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of ethyl acetate fraction was higher than that of n-butanol fraction and it was similar to the root and the steam extract. It was similar to the inhibition of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in 2.500mg/mL of ethyl acetate fraction and it was 4.4 fold higher than that of $\alpha-tocopherol$, as an antioxidant standard. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was dependent on the extract concentration in the range of 0.125-5.000 mg/mL. The throm-boplastin times were higher than that of n-butanol fraction and it was similar to the root and the steam extracts. The leaf extract showed the highest antithrombogenic effect followed by the stem and then the root extract. The activated partial thromboplastin times were ependent on the extract concentration in the range of 0.100-2.000 mg/mL. Consequently, the effects of antioxidative, DPPH radical scavenging activity and antithrombogenic of Z. schinifolium was observed due to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the DPPH radical scavenging activity by methylene chloride, n-butanol and ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf extract. (Korean J Nutrition 38(5): 386 - 394, 2005)

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.535-539
• /
• 2007

식용 및 약용으로 광범위하게 이용되고 있는 산사자의 유용 생리활성 검토를 목적으로 산사자 추출물 및 분획물을 조제하여, 혈액내의 혈전 생성에 직접 관여하는 인간 트롬빈의 thrombin time(TT) 및 activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT) 증가 활성을 측정하여 항혈전 활성을 평가하였다. 산사자의 항혈전 물질은 물 추출보다는 메탄을 추출이 적합하며(추출효율 40.4%), butanol 분획에서 가장 강력한 활성을 나타내었다. 산사자의 butanol 분획물은 1.25 mg/ml의 농도에서 835%의 TT 증가, 315%의 aPTT 증가를 보여 아스피린보다 2.9배 이상의 강력한 항혈전 활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 항혈전 활성은 기존의 보고된 quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin 및 rutin과는 무관하였다. 또한 산사자의 활성물질은 0.5 N HCl 처리시 120분 이상 안정하였으나, $100^{\circ}C$, 30분 열처리에는 85% 이상의 활성소실이 나타나 열에 매우 민감한 물질로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는, 비열 처리와 적합한 가공 공정이 가능하다면 산사자 추출물이 혈액순환 장해 및 혈관계 질환 예방 및 치료제로 개발 가능함을 제시하고 있다.