• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.163-170
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• 2006

This paper proposes intelligent characters for fighting action games to which energy concepts are applied for more realistic implementation than those of previous researches. The intelligent characters decide their actions in consideration of their energy level as well as a current action, the step of the action, the distance, and past actions of opponent characters that were used in existing intelligent ones. We used two types of energy, HP(Health Point) and MP(Mana Point), that were frequently employed in recent on-line games. We experimented with proposed intelligent characters to investigate whether the intelligent characters loam proper actions and cope with opponent characters in consideration of their energy levels. Experimental results showed that the intelligent characters reacted to the best actions to obtain high score if their energy is sufficient, otherwise they did the actions to recharge their energy. From this observation, we could conclude that the proposed intelligent characters worked well and did effective actions in consideration to the their energy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1180-1186
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• 1999

A wide ranges of chemicals released into the environment have potential to interfere with physiological and development process by disrupting endocrine pathways. Endocrine system embraces a multitude of mechanisms of action, including effect on growth, behavior, reproduction and immune function. These environmental endocrine disruptors are present in environment and pose potential health consequences to human and wildlife. The best known form in endocrine distruptors involves substances which mimic or block the action of natural hormone in the body. Endocrine disruptor have been variously defined as exogenous agents that interfere with the synthesis, secretion, transport, metabolism, binding action or elimination of the natural hormones in the body which are responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis, reproduction developmental and/or behavior. Many compounds polluted into the environment by human activity are capable of disrupting the endocrine system of animals, including fish, wildlife, and humans. Among these chemicals are pesticides, industrial chemicals, and other anthropogenic products. It has been alleged that several adverse effects on human health are linked with exposure to chemicals which are claimed to be endocrine disrupters, that is, increased incidence of testicular, prostate and female breast cancer, time dependent reductions in sperm quality and quantity, increased incidence of cryptorchidism (undescended testicles) and hypospadias(malformation of the penis), altered physical and mental de velopment in children. This observation is currently the only example of chemically mediated endocrine disruption which has resulted in a clear effect at the population level.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1819-1826
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• 2009

To enhance the automatic performance of existing predicting and planning algorithms that require a predefined probability of the states' transition, this paper proposes a multiple sequence generation system. When interacting with unknown environments, a virtual agent needs to decide which action or action order can result in a good state and determine the transition probability based on the current state and the action taken. We describe a sequential behavior generation method motivated from the change in the agent's state in order to help the virtual agent learn how to adapt to unknown environments. In a sequence learning process, the sensed states are grouped by a set of proposed motivation filters in order to reduce the learning computation of the large state space. In order to accomplish a goal with a high payoff, the learning agent makes a decision based on the observation of states' transitions. The proposed multiple sequence behaviors generation system increases the complexity and heightens the automatic planning of the virtual agent for interacting with the dynamic unknown environment. This model was tested in a virtual library to elucidate the process of the system.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.429-436
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• 2009

This paper considers the integrated process control procedure for detecting special causes in an IMA(1,1) process that is being adjusted automatically after each observation using a minimum mean squared error adjustment policy. When the control chart signals after the occurrence of a special cause, the special cause will be detected and eliminated from the process by the rectifying action. However, when the elimination of the special cause costs high or is not practically possible, an alternative action is to readjust the process with appropriately modified adjustment scheme. In this paper, we propose the readjustment procedure after having a true signal, and show that the use of the readjustment can reduce the deviation of a process from the target.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.317-330
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• 2020

The purpose of this action research project was to study the effects of incorporating coding into the middle school math classroom affected student dispositions with math and their understanding of mathematical concepts. The project, involving a total of 107 US middle school students, used five data sources to examine these effects: a survey, a chart measuring student engagement, a pre- and post-assessment before and after the coding project, and teacher observation with reflection forms. After analyzing the data, it was found that incorporating coding into the middle school math classroom could have a positive impact on student math dispositions and their understanding of math concepts.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.551-579
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• 2012

This case study aims to explore how RDA PLA model affects the agri-SMEs' empowerment. As an agri-business management renovation program from main workshop it was conducted on March to December 2011 with agri-SMEs and extension officials nationwide by RDA. Especially, as a packaged action learning process in the model used participatory action research. This study collected data with participants observation, interviews, situational analysis and systematic review of discourse in qualitative method. For the validity and identifying empirical results, this study used statistic analysis as a mixed method. Further including various pedagogic methods and business coaching skills, this model was conducted from workshop in RDA, in turn, on-farm business coaching as follow-up, CoPs' activities, and local ATCs extension services by each actors. The dynamic process and effects of each process led some change for farmers' innovative knowledge, skills, attitude, practice and aspiration on their farm business. RDA PLA model development based on the previous practices and research, which provided a configurated picture in the holistic action learning process. In statistic research, this study focused on 279 farmers as respondents who had participated in the program. It shows that their income and benefits increased from their renovative practices on farm business. Following the sampling group, it was surveyed by four indicators - products, customer, quality and cost. The level of contribution of education on economic impact 15% is quoted from previous paper. Even in some limitations of public sector, RDA PLA model actively suggests the paradigm shift of agricultural HRD and development of alternative extension-service system.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 1999

The antimicrobial action of bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus sp. GM7311 against three Gram negative bacteria, Proteus mirabilis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Escherichia coli, was investigated, When the bacteriocin was added to the culture at different stages, viable cells of all of the indicator strains tested were decreased, even though the most inhibited indicator cell growth stages were different. Transmission electron microscopic observation of indicator strains treated with bacteriocin revealed cell Iysis, indicating the cell membrane appears to be the primary site of action. The amino acids concentration of indicator strains treated with bacteriocin were diminished and fatty acids compositions were changed as compared with controls.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.5 s.83
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• pp.719-724
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• 2004

The ribs of deformed bars can split the cover concrete by wedging action or shear off the concrete in front of the ribs. As slip of deformed bars increases, the rib face angle is flattened by the crushed concrete wedge, which reduces the rib face angle to a smaller bearing angle. The roles of bearing angle are explored to simulate this observation. Analytical expressions to determine bond strength for splitting and pullout failure are derived, where the bearing angle is a key variable. As the bearing angle is reduced, splitting strength decreases and shearing strength increases. When splitting strength becomes larger than shearing strength, the concrete key is supposed to be sheared off and the bearing angle is reduced with decreasing the splitting strength. As bars slip, bearing angle decreases continually so that splitting bond strength is maintained to be less than shearing bond strength. The bearing angle is found to play a key role in controlling the bond failure and determination of bond strength of ribbed reinforcing steel in concrete structures.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.266-270
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• 1994

A bacteriocin was isolated from the supernatant fluid of M17G broth culture of Lactococcus sp. HY 449 strain, which showed strong inhibitory activity against the growth of selective indicator strain, Lactobacillus fermentum IFO3023. When the bacteriocin wasa added to the growing indicator cells or cell suspensions, viable cells and optical density were density were decreased, indicating bacteriolytic mode of action. Electron microscopic observation of indicator cells treated with bacteriocin revealed apparent damages on the cell surface and eventual lysis of cell walls.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Purpose : To find out how action observation training for chronic stroke patients affects their balance and body control abilities in the posture seated in the rehabilitation of stroke. Methods : This study was conducted on 30 subjects who were diagnosed with stroke. The group conducted motion observation training through video clips, while the control group only conducted physical training, and the general physical therapy was performed equally by both counties. The static balance was measured using Biorescue and the dynamic balance was measured using Modified Functional Reach Test (MFRT), Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke, and Trunk Impairment Scale. Results : Static balance showed statistically significant difference in foot pressure (p<.05) as a result of comparison between pre and post exercise training. Dynamic balance was statistically significant (p>.05) as a result of comparing pre and post differences using modified functional reach test. The trunk control ability was statistically significant (p>.001). Comparison between the results of before and after motion observation training showed a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: This study confirmed that exercise training in sitting position was effective for static, dynamic balance ability and trunk control ability of hemiplegic patients due to stroke. These results suggest that the use of motion monitoring in stroke patients may have a positive impact on the diversity and function of rehabilitation.