• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.220-224
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• 1991

Six reagents (water, citric acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, acetic anhydride and maleic anhydride) were evaluated for their effectiveness is degumming rice bran oil. All chemical reagents tested were found to be significantly more effective than water in removing phosphatides from crude rice bran oil. Especially acetic anhydride and phosphoric acid were effective in reducing phosphorous levels (92.5% and 93.3% removeal, respectively). Nonhydratable phospholipids, lysophosphatidyl choline, were removed more effectively by the chemical reagents than by the water degumming. The major phospholipid(PL) components were phophatidyl choline. Oleic, linolieic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids of PL in rice bran acetone insolubles(AI). The AI recovered by acetic anhydride degumming produced the most stable emulsions. However, the AI obtained from phophoric acid or oxalic acid treatments had very poor emulsifying properties.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.375-380
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• 2002

Diamines (p-phenylenediamine , m-phenylenediamine , and n-hexamethylenediamine) were intercalated into sodium montmorillonite for the further reaction with the anhydride end groups of polyamic acid. The anhydride terminated polyamic acid was synthesized using a mole ratio of 4,4'-oxydianilline : 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic dianhydride = 1.50 : 1.53. The modified montmorillonite was reacted with polyamic acid terminated with anhydride group in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (polyamic acid/clay nanocomposite). After imidization, thin films of the polyimide/clay nanocomposite were prepared. From the results of XRD and TEM, we found that mono layered silicates were dispersed in polyimide matrix and those resultants were exfoliated nanocomposites. Mechanical properties of exfoliated polyimide nanocomposite were better than both those of pure polyimide and those of intercalated polyimide nanocomposite.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.157-160
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• 1974

1,8-Naphthalic anhydride reacts with aromatic momocarbo-xylic acids having ${\alpha}$-hydrogen atomes such as p-nitrophenylacetic acid, p-methoxylhenylacetic acid, ${\alpha}$-naphthylacetic acid and diphenylacetic acid in the presence of freshly fused sodium acetate as a catalyst to give 1,8-(${\alpha}$-nitrophenylmalonyl)-naphthalin, 1,8-diphenylmalonyl-naphthalin, respectively. The results of these experiments show that 1,8-naphthalic anhydride yields the beta diketone type condensation products.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 1990

The reaction of 2-aminobenzamide with phthalic acid anhydride In dioxane produced a bicyclic product 2,8-dioxoisoindole(1,2,a) quinazoline (I) in addition to hydrolysis product 2(2-Carboxyphenyl)-1,2-2H-quinazoline-4-one (II). The yields were 64% and 30% respectively. On the other hand, the same reaction in DMF afforded compound (I) and 2(2N-dimethyl carbamyl phenyl)-1,4-2H-quinazoline-4-one (III) in 30% and 60% yield respectively. The compound III was also obtained by the reaction of compound II with dimethylamine. However the reaction of 2-aminobenzamide with neat succinic acid anhydride gave only bicyclic product 2,8-oxopyrrolidine (2,1,a)-1,4-2H-quinazoline (IV) in 93%.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.457-459
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• 1987

Racemic N-benzylaspartic acid (4) was prepared from maleic anhydride and used to modify and develop some efficient methods for the preparation of N-benzylaspartic anhydride hydrobromide (5). Thus, successive treatment of the compound 4 with 30% HBr in acetic acid and acetic anhydride afforded the title compound 5 in 75% yield. From this compound 5, ${\alpha}$-benzyl and ${\alpha}$-methyl N-benzylaspartates were also prepared.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.498-503
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• 2006

i-(2',5'-Diketotetrahydrofuranyl)octadecenyl acid (OSA), an intermediate for the lubricating oil additive, was prepared by the ene-reaction of oleic acid with maleic anhydride. The reaction progress was monitored by gas chromatography by analyzing the amount of OSA. The series of succinimidyl compounds were synthesized by the reaction of alkyl amines and OSA. As a kind of lubricant additives, demulsibility, anti-wear, and anti-corrosion properties of these succinimidyl compounds were measured. The derivative of octadecylamine which has relatively long-chained alkyl group has showed good properties.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 1977

Author studied on the isolation technique and properties of the products obtained by the reaction of soybean oil with maleic anhydride. Before studying above purpose, oleic acid and linoleic acid contained in soybean oil were reacted with maleic anhydride. Thin-layer chromatography using silica coated plate and solvent system consisting of petroleum ether-diethyl ether = 7:3∼5:5 (v/v) resulted in good effects on the isolation of maleic anhydride adducts. Four fractions were separated and fraction No. 2 were analyzed by IR & UV spectrophotometer, obtaining the following conclusions. In the case of oleic acid adduct and linoleic acid adduct, it were conjectured that the succinic acid type adduct was formed. In the case of conjugated $C_{18}$ fatty acid adduct, cyclohexene type adduct was formed which differed from oleic acid and linoleic acid adduct.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 1984

Synthetic procedures to synthesize fenbufen-acetaminophen ester were searched by acid chloride method, DCC method and mixed acid anhydride method. The compound was synthesized by DCC method and mixed acid anhydride method but could not be synthesized by acid chloride method. Its anti-inflammatory activity was superior to acetaminophen and similar to fenbufen.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.92-103
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• 1999

The 8 coumarin derivatives have been synthesized from 8 starting materials(2-hydroxy-benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzophenone, 5-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-ethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone) with phenylacetic acid and $Ac_2$O/TEA in acetone at reflux temperature. The ratio of o-hydroxybenzophenone, phenylacetic acid, $Ac_2$O and TEA is 1 : 1: 8: 8 in acetone. Our results showed higher products yields of coumarin derivatives than Shama and Ray's method in previous papers. A new intermediate form was proposed to our mechanism of coumarin synthetic method.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.903-909
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• 1993

Reaction mechanism of palladium(0, II)-phosphines complexes catalyzed cyclocarbonylation for unsaturated carboxylic acid such as crotonic acid, methacrylic acid and 3-butenoic acid has been investigated by product analysis, molecular mechanics and extended Huckel molecular orbital method. Reaction of 3-butenoic acid with palladium(0, II)-phosphines catalyst gives palladium containing cycloester through intermediate palladium-olefin ${\pi}$ -complex in the catalytic carbonylation. Palladium(0, II)-phosphines complexes catalyze the cyclocarbonylation of 3-butenoic acid to give 3-methylsuccinic anhydride and glutaric anhydride. But ${\pi}$ -complexes with palladium(0, II)-phosphines and unsaturated carboxylic acids such as crotonic acid and methacrylic acid are not effective the catalytic cyclocarbonylation.