• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.559-572
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• 2010

Color, an important visual cue, can cross-modally affect odor association and odor quality identification Here, this research investigates aspects of the cross-modal associations between color and fragrance in greater depth, delving into the topic of whether the degree-of-association of fragrances with hue and tone of colors varies systematically. For 33 color stimuli (10 hues, 3 tones, and 3 achromatic colors), 67 subjects judged the degree-of-association of four typical fragrance families (fresh, floral, oriental, and woody) on a 7-point scale. The statistical analysis showed that fragrance associations of the all families had characteristic distributions across ten hues of the color stimuli. The cross-modal relationship between color tone (especially, lightness attribute) and fragrance association appeared to be dimensional (e.g. a positive linear relationship between the floral family and the lightness). More specifically, as colors became warmer and brighter, the associated floral scents were stronger, while the woody scents was less associated. Brighter or more vivid cool colors were associated with stronger fresh scents. These findings confirm the systematic existence of synthetic interactions between vision and olfaction in perfumery.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.653-660
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• 2017

Recently, consumers' evaluation and purchase of online design has been increasing due to the popularization of designing through personal computers, but there has not been enough studies on consumers' brain wave responses depending on the change of PC monitor's color. Therefore, this study investigated how brain waves changed when different background colors with gray patterns were presented through PC monitors. Six background colors with same tone of slightly low saturation were selected, including ivory, yellow, pink, green, blue and pure white as a base color. The brightness and characteristics of color used were analyzed using the luminance meter and color scales. Brain wave was measured by EEG measurement equipment. Brain wave measurement was carried out with 9 subjects at 6 points: F3, F4, T3, T4, O1, and O2. Stimuli were shown for 15 seconds each and black screens were displayed for 15 seconds between each stimulus. As results, the brain waves at O1 responded sensitively by different background colors, followed by F4 and T4. Brain index such as 'RT', 'RA', 'RG', 'RSA', and 'RAHB' showed significant differences depending on the background color at O1, whereas 'RST' differed at F4. Yellow and blue backgrounds pair was the only stimuli that showed significant differences in six brain indices mentioned. Yellow background had higher value of 'RG' at O1 and higher 'RST' at F4, indicating yellow background enhanced concentration. Blue background activated 'RT', 'RA', 'RSA', 'RAHB' at O1, meaning blue background induced calm and stable state.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.267-284
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to extract the color chip from the works of Matisse with the exotic tastes, to analyze the characters of adjacent colors, and to suggest the color coordination of artistic character. The research method is based on the literature study which analyzes visual materials. The results are as follows. Considering the colors of Japanese taste, He employs vivid and strong tone in red, yellow, and blue, light tone in pink, purple, and green and deep tone in green, purple, blue and black. His color scheme is very bold and splendid. In his Algerian taste, red is very popular, but an attention should be paid in his development of orange and blue tones. In general, the usage of various tones brings colors into less relief and make the contrast of tones more conspicuous. His Spanish taste, based on red and orange, attracts attentions with strong impressions, but sometimes, dark or adjacent pale tones creates strong, mild and murky atmosphere. The Moroccan taste, based on the development of blue tones which have strong attraction implies the lightness but represents silent and calm. The Rumanian taste, represented in primary colors of red, yellow and blue and achromatic colors is bright and clear. In addition, its light tone in various colors represents peace and romance. The coordination of the exotic colors with the unique adjacent colors created by Matisse is not based on the established color coordination theory, but extracts colors in the aspect of culture borrowing. Therefore, it can double the effects of the color scheme expressed in the existing designs and be used as the global and multi-cultural design sources.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.127-136
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• 2011

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of color characteristics on tactile sensation / sensibility image of silk fabrics and to provide prediction models for their tactile sensation/sensibility image by both mechanical properties and color characteristics. As results, some of tactile sensation/sensibility terms including 'smooth', 'buoyant', 'thick', 'stiff', 'unique', 'casual', 'rural', and 'modern' seemed to be influenced by color characteristics such as achromatic/chromatic and hue / tone as well as by mechanical properties of silk. Moreover, red or green silk was more strongly felt than gray ones for 'thick' and 'stiff' as well as pale or vivid was. On the other hands, 'Rural' and 'casual' were respectively evaluated more highly for green, pale, or vivid silk. These results imply that color could give an effect on subjective tactile sensation / sensibility. Finally, prediction models for some of tactile sensation / sensibility of silk fabrics by both mechanical properties and color characteristics were established.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a novel way of combining color demosaicing and the auto white balance (AWB) method, which are important parts of image processing. Performance of the AWB is generally affected by demosaicing results because most AWB algorithms are performed posterior to color demosaicing. In order to increase the performance and efficiency of the AWB algorithm, the color constancy problem is considered during the color demosaicing step. Initial estimates of the directional luminance and chrominance values are defined for estimating edge direction and calculating the AWB gain. We propose a modified edge-based AWB method that used a pre-defined achromatic region. The estimation of edge direction is performed region adaptively by using the local statistics of the initial estimates of the luminance and chrominance information. The proposed method shows significant improvements in terms of visual and numerical criteria when compared to conventional methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.617-628
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• 2001

Cotton and silk fabrics dyed with brazilein(Caesalpinia Sappan), berberine (Phellodendron Amurense), and shikonin(Lithospermum Erythrorhizon) were stored in the air, in the water, and under the ground for about one year. The change of the color, the flexibility, and the breaking strength were measured at the intervals of few weeks. The results are as follows; 1. The color of the fabrics changed most extensively in the fabrics that were under the ground, then in the order of the ones that were in the water, and in the air. The color of the fabrics changed to the achromatic color over the time. 2. The flexibility change among the dyes was similar. All the fabrics became stiff under the ground and in the water over the storage time. 3. In general, cotton and silk fabrics dyed with berberine showed better strength retention than the fabrics dyed with other substances. 4. The strength retention of cotton fabrics was high in the order of the fabrics which were in the air, in the water, and under the ground. Only minuscule change occurred in the strength of the cotton fabrics. The strength of the fabrics that were in the water and under the ground decreased remarkably after 30 weeks and 20 weeks respectively. 5. The strength retention of silk fabrics was high in the order of the fabrics which were in the air, under the ground, and in the water. In the air, the strength on silk fabrics decreased rapidly after 30 weeks. In the water, the strength of silk fabrics decreased more rapidly than that of the cotton fabrics. Under the ground, the strength retention of silk was higher than that of cotton.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.673-676
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• 2008

Color concrete utilizes peculiar texture and color sense in external appearance actively as a finish. But, this color concrete is essential use of pigment for required color revelation, and color cone cleat from mixing of this pigment are different existent achromatic color concrete and basic properties of matter. this study progressed slump test and setting time examination through mortar injection resistance examination of mortar that mix Pigment.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.243-248
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• 2017

In this study copper glaze samples were prepared with varying amount of tin oxide, and the chromatic characteristics of glazes were explained on the results of spectrophotometric, crystalline phase, and microstructural analyses. The red color of copper glaze was dissipated with the addition of tin oxide and turned into achromatic color due to the decrease of CIEab values. Tin oxide homogeneously distributed in the glaze layer interfered with the red color generation coming from the growth of Cu nuclei, and formed an alloy with metal copper around bubbles. This resulted in the decrease of metal copper peak intensity with minor $Cu_2O$ peak. With the 3.79 % tin oxide addition the glaze was appeared as gray due to the black color CuO and Cassiterite $SnO_2$ phases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the image of color of 230university students. In this paper, the degree of preference of for Blue, White were higher than those of others. There was a difference among individuals for the hatred color. It was considered Yellow as spring. Blue as summer and White as winter about the seasonal color, but the range of color image was wide for the color of autumn. White, Grey and Black like achromatic colors have a proper image, black has a positive image in particular. In case of 12 chromatic colors, Red, Yellow, Blue and Yellow Green have a proper image. In particular, Red was shown the same image but Blue was shown the contradiction image as compared with the preceding studies. Green, one of the primary colors(Red, Green, Blue) of light sources, has not a characteristic image.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.453-459
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• 2018

Purpose : This study was to investigate the change of accommodative functions by different color density and color of colored lenses. Methods : Participant had a normal NPC and no dyschromatopsia, phoria and eye disease, also had no histories of eye surgery in 31 students of university. Their accommodative functions were measured according to 50%, 80% density of the gray, blue, brown lens and non-colored lenses. Tests of accommodative functions performed include amplitude of accommodation, accommodative facility, relative accommodation, and accommodative lag. Results : The amplitude of accommodation and accommodation lag were increased when wearing the colored lens. Negative relative accommodation was more increased when wearing the colored lens than achromatic. Positive relative accommodation increased when wearing the blue color lens density by 50%. Also, accommodation facility increased when wearing the colored lens, but, as the density of the color increased, the accommodation facility was decreased. Conclusion : As since the accommodation function changes according to density of the colored lenses, working distance and environment of the wearing colored lens should be considered when selecting density and color of colored lenses.