• 자원환경지질
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.105-119
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• 2012

오염환경에 서식하는 토착미생물은 환경정화에 중요한 역할을 담당하며 이 연구는 6가 크롬 오염 지하수에서 분리한 미생물을 이용해 반응성, 이동성, 발암성 높은 6가 크롬을 당대사 조효소인 3가 크롬으로 환원/침전시켜 경제적, 친환경적, 생지화학적 정화의 효율성을 알아보았다. 미생물 농화배양과 조성분석, 호기와 혐기환경의 6가 크롬 환원과 내성, 전자공여체별 6가 크롬 환원, 지화학적 변화, 미생물 외형과 Cr((III) 침전물의 광물특성을 연구한 결과, 분리한 MMPH-0(Enterobacter aerogenes)는 혐기/호기환경에서 6가 크롬 내성과 환원능(유기산 주입 1주 후 70%, 주입 안한 경우 4주 후 10 ~ 20%)이 있고, Eh는 미생물의 유기산 산화로 생성된 전자에 의해 산화에서 환원환경, pH는 중성에서 약산성으로 변화되어 $Cr(OH)_3$/Cr(III)침전물이 형성되었다. SEM/TEM-EDS 결과 $2{\sim}5{\mu}m$ 막대형 미생물과 세포 밖 Cr(III) 침전물은 지화학적 환경변화와 유기산 산화에 따른 전자공여에 의한 환원의 근거가 된다. 지화학적 촉매제 토착미생물의 활성화로 산화환원에 민감한 중금속 오염 지하수 정화에 효율적 기술 응용이 기대된다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2018

Objectives We investigated anti-obesity effects of essential oils extracted from Cnidii Rhizoma (CR) in immature adipocytes to magnify it's clinical therapeutic usage. Methods Essential oil of CR was extracted with ethyl acetate or petroleum ether and through steam distillation, respectively. Oil red-O staining for monitoring its inhibition effect on adipogenesis and differentiation in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes and 3-(4,5-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyletetra zolium bromide (MTT) assay for cell safety were done. Also phospho-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activted protein kinase (P-AMPK), AMP-activated protein kinase, phospho-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (P-ACC), acetyl-CoA carboxylase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\alpha}$ (PPAR-${\alpha}$), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$ (PPAR-${\gamma}$) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ${\alpha}$ (C/EBP-${\alpha}$) expressions as obesity-related factors were measured by western blot analysis. Results Protein expressions of P-AMPK, P-ACC and PPAR-${\alpha}$ were increased in essential oils-treated adipocytes compared to those of control group, respectively. Furthermore, protein expressions of PPAR-${\gamma}$ and C/EBP-${\alpha}$ were decreased in essential oils-treated adipocytes compared to those of control group, respectively. Conclusions These results demonstrate that essential oils of CR inhibit adipogenesis and differentiation. Also they promote the oxidation of fatty acids in adipocytes. Thus, results suggest that essential oils of CR could be used as a valuable material for anti-obesity therapeutics via control of lipid metabolism.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.197-197
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• 2016

Commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V alloys have been widely used for biomedical applications. However, the use of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy in biomaterial is then a subject of controversy because aluminum ions and vanadium oxide have potential detrimental influence on the human body due to vanadium and aluminum. Hence, recent works showed that the synthesis of new Ti-based alloys for implant application involves more biocompatible metallic alloying element, such as, Nb, Hf, Zr and Mo. In particular, Nb and Hf are one of the most effective Ti ${\beta}-stabilizer$ and reducing the elastic modulus. Plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) is known as excellent method in the biocompatibility of biomaterial due to quickly coating time and controlled coating condition. The anodized oxide layer and diameter modulation of Ti alloys can be obtained function of improvement of cell adhesion. Manganese(Mn) plays very important roles in essential for normal growth and metabolism of skeletal tissue in vertebrates and can be detected as minor constituents in teeth and bone. Radio frequency(RF) magnetron sputtering in the various PVD methods has high deposition rates, high-purity films, extremely high adhesion of films, and excellent uniform layers for depositing a wide range of materials, including metals, alloys and ceramics like a hydroxyapatite. The aim of this study is to research the Mn coatings on the micro-pore formed Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys by RF-magnetron sputtering for dental applications. Ti-29Nb-xHf (x= 0, 3, 7 and 15wt%, mass fraction) alloys were prepared Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys of containing Hf up from 0 wt% to 15 wt% were melted by using a vacuum furnace. Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys were homogenized for 2 hr at $1050^{\circ}C$. Each alloy was anodized in solution containing typically 0.15 M calcium acetate monohydrate + 0.02 M calcium glycerophosphate at room temperature. A direct current power source was used for the process of anodization. Anodized alloys was prepared using 270V~300V anodization voltage at room. Mn coatings was produced by RF-magnetron sputtering system. RF power of 100W was applied to the target for 1h at room temperature. The microstructure, phase and composition of Mn coated oxide surface of Ti-29Nb-xHf alloys were examined by FE-SEM, EDS, and XRD.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.509-515
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The root of Vitis amurensis Ruprecht, a sort of wild-growing grape, has been used in oriental medicine for treatment of skin ailments; however, its dermatological activity is not sufficiently understood. The aim of this study was to investigate tyrosinase inhibitory and anti-melanogenic activities of V. amurensis Ruprecht root methanol extract (VARM) in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells and to attempt to isolate and identify the active compound issued from VARM. MATERIALS/METHODS: Anti-melanogenic activity of VARM was analyzed in ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)-stimulated B16F10 cells through evaluation of antioxidative activity as well as inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin contents compared with those of kojic acid and arbutin. After anti-melanogenic analysis of VARM, serial fractionation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and thin layer chromatorgraphy (TLC) were applied for identification of active compounds contained in VARM. RESULTS: VARM significantly inhibited oxidative stress and tyrosinase activity and attenuated ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced melanin production in B16F10 cells. For isolation of active compounds, VARM was fractionated using a series of organic solvents, including dichloromethane ($CH_2Cl_2$), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol (n-BuOH). Among fractions showing anti-melanogenic activity, the CH2Cl2 fraction induced the most potent attenuation of melanogenesis without cytotoxicity and the major compound in the $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction was identified as betulinic acid. Betulinic acid isolated from the $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction of VARM significantly attenuated ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced melanogenesis in a dose dependent manner, which was stronger than that of arbutin used as a positive control. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that VARM inhibits oxidative stress, tyrosinase activity, and ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 cells, due primarily to the active compound, betulinic acid, in the $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2008

미강 추출 상업용 유통 감마오리자놀의 콜레스테롤 자동산화에 의한 C-7 산화 콜레스테롤 유도체 생성 저해 효과가 수용성 모델 시스템을 이용하여 검토되었다. C-7 콜레스테롤 산화 유도체 (C-7 oxidized cholesterol derivatives: C-7 OCDs) 생성을 위해 콜레스테롤과 감마오리자놀이 분산된 수용성 모델시스템은 구리이온을 촉매로 pH 5.5와 $80^{\circ}C$의 가혹 조건에서 20시간 동안 반응되었다. 산화 유도 기간에 따른 C-7콜레스테롤 산화 유도체 (7-ketocholesterol, 7{\alpha}$-hydroxy-cholesterol과 7b-hydroxycholesterol)의 생성 정도와 감마오리자놀 및 콜레스테롤 변화 추이 정도가 핵산과 에틸아세테이트를 이용한 용매 추출법과 고속 액체크로마토그래프 (high-performance liquid chromatography) 테크닉을 이용 정량적으로 분석되었다. 분석 결과 콜레스테롤 산화 유도 기간에 따른 7-ketocholesterol 생성비율은 7-hydroxycholesterol 이성체 (${\alpha}$-형:${\beta}$-형) 대비 약 2:1의 비율로 생성되었으며, 7-hyoxycholesterol 이성체에 있어서는 ${\alpha}$-형 대비 ${\beta}$-형의 생성 정도가 약 1:2의 비율로 나타났고, 총 C-7 산화콜레스테롤의 생성은 상대적인 고농도(300 ppm) 감마오리자놀 처리 모델 시스템에서 효과적으로 저해되었다.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2008

박막 리튬이차전지의 고용량 음극을 개발하기 위하여, Sn(II) 아세테이트를 포함한 유기전해조 도금법을 이용하여 Sn 박막전극을 제조하였다. $Li^+$와 $Sn^{2+}$를 포함한 전해조에 대한 순환전위전류시험 결과 3종류의 환원 반응이 나타났으며, $2.0{\sim}2.5\;V$ 영역이 Ni 집전체 표면에 대한 Sn의 석출 반응에 해당한다. 수계전해액에 대한 $Sn^{2+}$의 표준환원전위는 2.91 V vs. $Li^+/Li^{\circ}$ 인데 반해 유기전해조에서는 보다 낮은 전위에서 환원반응이 일어났다. 이는 유기전해질의 고저항과 $Sn^{2+}$의 낮은 농도에 기인한 과전위의 결과로 생각된다. 제조한 전극의 물리적 특성 및 전기화학적 특성을 연구하였다. 석출한 Sn 전극을 $150^{\circ}C$로 열처리하여 보다 높은 결정성을 얻을 수 있었고, 이를 Sn/Li 전지로 구성하여 전기화학적 실험을 한 결과 0.25 V와 0.75 V에서 각각 합금화-탈합금화 과정을 확인 할 수 있었다. 제조한 전극의 두께를 전기량을 통하여 계산한 바 $7.35{\mu}m$였으며, 가역용량은 $400{\mu}Ah/cm^2$을 얻었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.710-718
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• 2011

The effects of organic acids mix (0.4%) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the storage quality of sliced bacon were investigated. Pork bellies were treated with or without organic acids at the curing stage. The organic acids mix comprised 35% sodium acetate, 25% salt, 15% calcium lactate, 11% trisodium citrate, 7% ascorbate, and 7% citric acid. The cured pork bellies were smoked and packaged with 50% $CO_2$ + 50% $N_2$ (50% $CO_2$-MAP) and 100% $N_2$ (100% $N_2$-MAP), and stored at $5^{\circ}C$ for 14 d. The 50% $CO_2$-MAP showed a higher pH value (p<0.05) up to 10 d, a lower protein deterioration (p<0.05) as measured by volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) from 6 to 14 d, and a higher color value of lightness (CIE $L^*$) compared to 100% $N_2$-MAP. The development of lipid oxidation measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values seemed to be effectively controlled throughout the storage period in both 50% $CO_2$-MAP and 100% $N_2$-MAP regardless of the application of organic acids. The 50% $CO_2$-MAP inhibited the growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (p<0.05) both in non-added and bacon added with organic acids mix. The 50% $CO_2$-MAP alone seemed to be effective in delaying the growth of bacteria since the use of organic acids mix gave no additional effects. The addition of organic acids mix lowered the pH value (p<0.05), effectively retarded the protein deterioration (p<0.05), and showed a higher color value of lightness (CIE $L^*$) value (p<0.05) and lower color value of redness (CIE $a^*$) value (p<0.05). In conclusion, 50% $CO^2$-MAP showed better quality and self-life of sliced bacon during storage. However, the beneficial effect of organic acids mix was not noticed in the concentration used in this experiment.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.1356-1365
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 수국 꽃 추출물 및 용매 분획물의 항산화, 항염 활성을 확인하고 유효성분을 분리하여 화학구조를 규명하였다. 항산화 활성을 확인하기 위하여 DPPH 및 ABTS⁺ 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정하였으며, 항염 활성은 LPS로 유도된 RAW264.7 세포에서 nitric oxide (NO) 생성 억제 효과로 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 에틸아세테이트 분획물에서 우수한 항산화 및 항염 활성을 확인하였으며 크로마토크래피를 실시하여 3개의 유효 성분을 분리하였고 NMR 데이터 분석을 통하여 화학구조를 동정하였다; Hydrangenol (1), prunin (2), astragalin (3). 분리된 화합물 1-3에 대하여 HPLC 분석을 수행한 결과 hydrangenol이 수국 꽃 추출물의 주요 성분으로 확인되었다. 화합물 1-3의 항염 활성을 확인한 결과 세포 독성 없이 NO의 생성을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 바탕으로 수국 꽃 추출물은 천연 항산화 및 항염 소재로써 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 물사과 가지 추출물 및 용매 분획물의 항산화 활성과 세포보호효과를 검색하고 유효성분을 분리하여 화학구조를 규명하였다. 물사과 가지 추출물 및 용매 분획물의 DPPH 및 $ABTS^+$ 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정한 결과, 에틸아세테이트 및 부탄올 분획물에서 우수한 라디칼 소거 활성이 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 $H_2O_2$로 유도된 세포 손상에 대한 세포보호효과를 확인한 결과, $20{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 추출물 및 에틸아세테이트 분획물에서 보호효과가 나타남을 확인하였다. 항산화 활성이 좋은 에틸아세테이트 분획물에서 유효성분을 찾고자 medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC)를 실시하여 2개의 화합물을 분리하였으며 $^1H$ 및 $^{13}C$ NMR 데이터 분석 및 문헌 비교를 통하여 화학구조를 동정하였다; pinocembrin (1), desmethoxymatteucinol (2). 분리된 화합물에 대한 DPPH 및 $ABTS^+$ 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정한 결과, 화합물 1, 2 모두 농도의존적으로 우수한 라디칼 소거 활성이 나타났다. $100{\mu}M$의 농도에서 화합물 1, 2는 $H_2O_2$로 유도된 세포손상에 대하여 세포보호효과를 나타냈다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 물사과 가지 추출물은 천연 항산화 소재로써 활용 가능할 것이라 사료된다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.383-393
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• 2007

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of anodized surface of osseointegration implants by using of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and histomorphometric analysis. A total of 96 screw-shaped implants were devided into 4 groups. Seventy-two implants were prepared by electrochemical oxidation with 3 different ways; Group 1 (n=24) were prepared at galvanostatic mode in 0.25M sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, Group 2 (n=24) were prepared at galvanostatic mode in calcium glycerophosphate and calcium acetate, and Group 3 (n=24) were prepared at galvanostatic mode in 0.25M sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid followed by Calcium metaphosphate(CMP) coating. Control group (n=24) were the RBM surfaced implants. The implants were placed in the mandibles of 12 mini pigs. Bone tissue responses were evaluated by resonance frequency analysis(RFA) and histomorphometric analysis that were undertaken at 2, 4 and 6weeks after implant placement. The following result were obtained. 1. Twenty-two of 96 implants (4 in control group, 5 in group 1, 7 in group 2, and 6 in group 3) were failed due to faliure of osseoitegration. The failure rate of osseointegration was 22.9%. 2. The mean values of RFA in control, group 2 and groups 3 showed the similar values, but there was no significant difference among groups. 3. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated significantly higher bone-to-implant contact ratio in group 2 at 3 and 4 weeks after implant placement than other groups (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference among groups at 6weeks after implant placement.